Systems and methods for processing and transmitting sensor data

• US 9,002,390 B2
• Filed: 04/06/2012
• Issued: 04/07/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 04/08/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: DexCom Incorporated
• Original Assignee: DexCom Incorporated
• Inventors: San Vicente, Kenneth, Gauba, Indrawati, Waichal, Siddharth, Walker, Andrew
• Primary Examiner(s): GESESSE, TILAHUN
• Application Number:
  US13/441,686
• Publication Number:
  US 20120258748A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,096 Days
• Field of Search: 340/573.1, 340/539.12, 600/345, 455/41.1
• US Class Current: 455/509
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0238 Means for recording calibration data
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/08 Sensors provided with means for identification, e.g. barcodes or memory chips
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0004 characterised by the type of physiological signal transmitted
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/002 Monitoring the patient using a local or closed circuit, e.g. in a room or building A61B5/0017 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/14532 for measuring glucose, e.g. by tissue impedance measurement
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1495 Calibrating or testing of in-vivo probes
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 10/40 for data related to laboratory analysis, e.g. patient specimen analysis
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 40/67 for remote operation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/26 at least one of which is mobile
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/04 for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/06 for supporting key management in a packet data network cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for key management H04L9/08
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 63/08 for authentication of entities cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for entity authentication H04L9/32
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/041 Key generation or derivation
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/06 Authentication
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/70 Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/80 Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 76/14 Direct-mode setup
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 90/10 Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

Abstract

Systems and methods for continuous measurement of an analyte in a host are provided. The system generally includes a continuous analyte sensor configured to continuously measure a concentration of analyte in a host and a sensor electronics module physically connected to the continuous analyte sensor during sensor use, wherein the sensor electronics module is further configured to directly wirelessly communicate sensor information to one or more display devices. Establishment of communication between devices can involve using a unique identifier associated with the sensor electronics module to authenticate communication. Times tracked at the sensor electronics module and the display module can be at different resolutions, and the different resolutions can be translated to facilitate communication. In addition, the frequency of establishing communication channels between the sensor electronics module and the display devices can vary depending upon whether reference calibration information is being updated.

Claims

1. A method of transmitting data between a first communication device associated with an analyte sensor and a second communication device associated with an analyte value display device, the method comprising:

sending messages between the first communication device and the second communication device on a first schedule;

requesting an analyte value calibration data point;

sending messages between the first communication device and the second communication device on a second schedule more frequent than the first schedule;

receiving the analyte value calibration point;

calibrating analyte sensor data using the received analyte value calibration point;

sending the calibrated analyte sensor data from the first communication device to the second communication device; and

resuming sending messages between the first communication device and the second communication device on the first schedule.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the resuming is responsive to the expiration of a predetermined amount of time.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the resuming is responsive to the sending of the calibrated analyte sensor data.

4. A system for wirelessly transmitting data between a sensor electronics module operatively connected to a continuous glucose sensor and a display device, the system comprising computer-readable instructions stored in computer memory, wherein the instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the system, cause the system to:

send messages between a sensor electronics module and a display device on a first schedule;

send a request from the sensor electronics module to the display device for glucose reference data;

send messages between the sensor electronics module and the display device on a second schedule more frequent than the first schedule;

receive the glucose reference data;

calibrate glucose sensor data generated by the continuous glucose sensor using the received glucose reference data;

send the calibrated glucose sensor data from the sensor electronics module to the display device; and

resume sending messages between the sensor electronics module and the display device on the first schedule.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the resuming is responsive to the expiration of a predetermined amount of time.

6. The system of claim 4, wherein the resuming is responsive to the sending of the calibrated analyte sensor data.

7. A method for establishing a communication channel at a higher frequency between devices of a glucose monitoring system than a normal frequency of establishing the communication channel so that reference glucose measurement information can be more quickly exchanged, the method comprising:

establishing a communication channel between a sensor electronics module operatively connected to a continuous glucose sensor and display device at a first frequency;

determining that reference glucose measurement information is needed at the sensor electronics module;

transmitting, using the sensor electronics module, a request to the display device for reference glucose measurement information during a first established communication channel;

establishing the communication channel between a sensor electronics module and display device at a second frequency that is higher than the first frequency;

prompting, using the display device, a user for reference glucose measurement information;

transmitting, using the display device, the requested reference glucose measurement information;

calculating, using the sensor electronics module, continuous glucose sensor data calibration information based on the reference glucose measurement information; and

transmitting, using the sensor electronics module, the calibration information to the display device,

wherein establishing the communication channel at the second frequency is maintained until a pre-determined condition is satisfied.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the pre-determined condition is satisfied upon determining that the requested reference glucose measurement information is received by the sensor electronics module or the expiration of a predetermined amount of time.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the sensor control module comprises a transceiver configured to transmit data to the display device, and wherein the method further comprises placing the transceiver in a low power mode in between the establishment of the communication channel.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the establishment of the communication channel comprises transmitting a beacon using the sensor electronics module and receiving the beacon using the display device.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the establishment of the communication channel further comprises initiating an authentication protocol.

12. A system for establishing a communication channel at a higher frequency between devices of a glucose monitoring system than a normal frequency of establishing the communication channel so that reference glucose measurement information can be more quickly exchanged, the system comprising computer-readable instructions stored in computer memory, wherein the instructions, when executed by one or more processors of the system, cause the system to:

establish a communication channel between a sensor electronics module operatively connected to a continuous glucose sensor and display device at a first frequency;

determine that reference glucose measurement information is needed at the sensor electronics module;

transmit, using the sensor electronics module, a request to the display device for reference glucose measurement information during a first established communication channel;

establish the communication channel between a sensor electronics module and display device at a second frequency that is higher than the first frequency;

prompt, using the display device, a user for reference glucose measurement information;

transmit, using the display device, the requested reference glucose measurement information;

calculate, using the sensor electronics module, continuous glucose sensor data calibration information based on the reference glucose measurement information; and

transmit, using the sensor electronics module, the calibration information to the display device,

wherein establishing the communication channel at the second frequency is maintained until a pre-determined condition is satisfied.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the pre-determined condition is satisfied upon determining that the requested reference glucose measurement information is received by the sensor electronics module or the expiration of a predetermined amount of time.

14. The system of claim 12, wherein the sensor control module comprises a transceiver configured to transmit data to the display device, and wherein the computer-readable instructions are configured to cause the system to place the transceiver in a low power mode in between the establishment of the communication channel.

15. The system of claim 12, wherein the establishment of the communication channel comprises transmitting a beacon using the sensor electronics module and receiving the beacon using the display device.

16. The system of claim 15, wherein the establishment of the communication channel further comprises initiating an authentication protocol.