Energy relief control in a mechanical ventilator

• US 9,010,327 B2
• Filed: 07/02/2007
• Issued: 04/21/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 06/30/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Breas Medical Ab (Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd.)
• Original Assignee: Breas Medical Ab (Shanghai Fosun Pharmaceutical (Group) Co., Ltd.)
• Inventors: Tiedje, Mikael
• Primary Examiner(s): Ho, Tan-Uyen (Jackie) T
• Assistant Examiner(s): Han, Mark K
• Application Number:
  US12/306,366
• Publication Number:
  US 20090188502A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,850 Days
• Field of Search: 128/204.23, 128/204.18, 128/204.21, 128/204.22, 128/204.26, 128/204.29, 128/205.22, 128/205.23, 12820714-20717, 600529-533, 600537-539
• US Class Current: 128/204.23
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0051 with alarm devices
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0069 the speed thereof being controlled by respiratory parameters, e.g. by inhalation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/024 including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/06 Respiratory or anaesthetic masks
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 16/0627 with sealing means on a part of the body other than the face, e.g. helmets, hoods or domes
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0021 with a proportional output signal, e.g. from a thermistor
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/0027 pressure meter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2016/003 with a flowmeter
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3553 remote, e.g. between patient's home and doctor's office
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3569 sublocal, e.g. between console and disposable
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3584 using modem, internet or bluetooth
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/3592 using telemetric means, e.g. radio or optical transmission
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/502 User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2205/52 with memories providing a history of measured variating parameters of apparatus or patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/04 Heartbeat characteristics, e.g. ECG, blood pressure modulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/10 Electroencephalographic signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/18 Rapid eye-movements [REM]
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/205 partial oxygen pressure (P-O2)
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/30 Blood pressure A61M2230/04 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/432 partial CO2 pressure (P-CO2)
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/435 : partial O2 pressure (P-O2)
• CPC Class Codes: A61M 2230/50 : Temperature

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solution for controlling the pressure/flow of breathing gas to a mechanical ventilator (4) by using an energy of breathing analysis and further to provide a pressure relief during exhalation and a trigger determination when to start the pressure relief using energy content of breathing in analysis for determining a pressure curve form during at least a portion of the expiration phase.

Claims

1. A mechanical ventilator for treatment of breathing disorders in a patient, comprising:

a controllable pressure and breathing gas flow generator, and sensor input for receiving at least one sensor signal indicative of breathing gas pressure and/or flow,

wherein the ventilator is arranged to determine an inspiratory energy of breathing associated with the ventilator by measuring current and voltage supplied to the generator, and

wherein the ventilator is further arranged to determine an amount of pressure reduction, to be used during an expiration period, based on the inspiratory energy of breathing.

2. The ventilator according to claim 1, arranged to determine a trigger point between an inspiration and expiration phase of a breathing cycle, wherein the ventilator is controllable to reduce the pressure by the amount of pressure reduction during a period of time during the expiration phase of the breathing cycle.

3. The ventilator according to claim 2, arranged to determine the amount of pressure reduction as the inspiratory energy of breathing times an energy relief factor divided by an exhalation energy.

4. The ventilator according to claim 1, arranged to determine the inspiratory energy of breathing by measuring the pressure and flow supplied to the patient.

5. The ventilator according to claim 1, arranged to provide a continuous positive airway pressure ventilation.

6. The ventilator according to claim 1, arranged to receive further sensor signals indicative of at least one of EEG, EMG, EOG, ECG, O₂, CO₂, temperature, blood pressure, eye movements, or sound.

7. A method of increasing the comfort for a patient using a mechanical ventilator comprising a controllable pressure and breathing gas flow generator, comprising the steps of:

measuring a plurality of parameters during an inspiration phase of a breathing cycle;

determining a trigger point between the inspiration phase and a subsequent expiration phase;

determining a curve form of a pressure signal using an analysis of an inspiratory energy of breathing associated with the mechanical ventilator that is determined by measuring current and voltage supplied to the generator;

controlling the pressure of the breathing air from the mechanical ventilator, using the determined curve form of the pressure signal, during at least a portion of the subsequent expiration phase; and

controlling the mechanical ventilator to reduce the pressure during a period of time during the subsequent expiration phase of the breathing cycle, wherein an amount of pressure reduction is determined from the inspiratory energy of breathing determination.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the trigger point between the inspiration phase and the subsequent expiration phase is determined using the mechanical ventilator.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the amount of pressure reduction is determined as the inspiratory energy of breathing times an energy relief factor and dividing by an exhalation energy.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein the inspiratory energy of breathing is further determined by measuring the pressure and flow supplied to the patient.

11. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

providing a continuous positive airway pressure ventilation using the mechanical ventilator.

12. A mechanical ventilator system comprising:

a mechanical ventilator,

a breathing mask,

a breathing air conduit between the mechanical ventilator and the breathing mask, and

sensors for measuring data indicative of breathing condition and mechanical ventilator condition for use in a controller for controlling the supply of pressure and/or flow of breathing gas from the mechanical ventilator to a patient,

wherein the mechanical ventilator is arranged to determine an inspiratory energy of breathing associated with the mechanical ventilator by measuring current and voltage supplied to a fan in the mechanical ventilator that provides pressure and flow of breathing gas, and

wherein the mechanical ventilator is further arranged to determine an amount of pressure reduction, to be used during an expiration period, based on the inspiratory energy of breathing.

13. The system according to claim 12, wherein the mechanical ventilator is further arranged to determine a trigger point between an inspiration and expiration phase of a breathing cycle, wherein the mechanical ventilator is controllable to reduce the pressure by the amount of pressure reduction during a period of time during the expiration phase of the breathing cycle.

14. The system according to claim 13, wherein the mechanical ventilator is arranged to determine the amount of pressure reduction as the inspiratory energy of breathing times an energy relief factor divided by an exhalation energy.

15. The system according to claim 12, wherein the mechanical ventilator is further arranged to determine the inspiratory energy of breathing by measuring the pressure and flow supplied to the patient.

16. The system according to claim 12, wherein the mechanical ventilator is arranged to provide a continuous positive airway pressure ventilation.

17. The system according to claim 12, wherein the mechanical ventilator is arranged to receive sensor signals indicative of at least one of EEG, EMG, EOG, ECG, O2, CO2, temperature, blood pressure, eye movements, or sound.