Energy storage devices including a solid multilayer electrolyte
First Claim
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1. A method of storing energy, the method comprising:
- providing an energy storage device comprising;
an anode;
a cathode; and
a solid multilayer electrolyte disposed between the anode and the cathode and comprising a plurality of layers comprising anionic exchange polymer electrolyte layers and cationic exchange polymer electrolyte layers, wherein at least one anionic exchange polymer electrolyte layer comprises a polymer having a plurality of chemically bound positive ions and a plurality of electrostatically bound negative ions, and at least one cationic exchange polymer electrolyte layer comprises a polymer having a plurality of chemically bound negative ions and a plurality of electrostatically bound positive ions;
applying a field negatively polarized with respect to the cathode and positively polarized with respect to the anode under conditions sufficient to cause substantially all the electrostatically bound positive ions to migrate and be reduced and deposited on the cathode, and substantially all the electrostatically bound negative ions to migrate and be oxidized and deposited on the anode, wherein the residual chemically bound positive ions on the one or more anionic exchange polymer electrolyte layers and the residual chemically bound negative ions on the one or more cationic exchange polymer electrolyte layers form a solid multilayer dielectric comprising directly alternating polarized polymer layers; and
further applying a field negatively polarized with respect to the cathode and positively polarized with respect to the anode under conditions sufficient to electrostatically store charge on surfaces of the electrodes.
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Abstract
Energy storage devices that include a solid multilayer electrolyte are provided. In certain embodiments, the energy storage devices disclosed herein can exhibit behavior analogous to an electrochemical battery at lower voltages, but can transition to electrostatic capacitor behavior as voltages rise. The energy storage devices, methods, and systems disclosed herein can preferably be advantageous by providing a large total energy storage capacity.
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Citations
14 Claims
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1. A method of storing energy, the method comprising:
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providing an energy storage device comprising; an anode; a cathode; and a solid multilayer electrolyte disposed between the anode and the cathode and comprising a plurality of layers comprising anionic exchange polymer electrolyte layers and cationic exchange polymer electrolyte layers, wherein at least one anionic exchange polymer electrolyte layer comprises a polymer having a plurality of chemically bound positive ions and a plurality of electrostatically bound negative ions, and at least one cationic exchange polymer electrolyte layer comprises a polymer having a plurality of chemically bound negative ions and a plurality of electrostatically bound positive ions; applying a field negatively polarized with respect to the cathode and positively polarized with respect to the anode under conditions sufficient to cause substantially all the electrostatically bound positive ions to migrate and be reduced and deposited on the cathode, and substantially all the electrostatically bound negative ions to migrate and be oxidized and deposited on the anode, wherein the residual chemically bound positive ions on the one or more anionic exchange polymer electrolyte layers and the residual chemically bound negative ions on the one or more cationic exchange polymer electrolyte layers form a solid multilayer dielectric comprising directly alternating polarized polymer layers; and further applying a field negatively polarized with respect to the cathode and positively polarized with respect to the anode under conditions sufficient to electrostatically store charge on surfaces of the electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. A method of storing energy, the method comprising:
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providing an energy storage device comprising; an anode; a cathode; and a solid multilayer electrolyte disposed between the anode and the cathode and comprising a plurality of layers comprising anionic exchange polymer electrolyte layers and cationic exchange polymer electrolyte layers, wherein at least one anionic exchange polymer electrolyte layer comprises a polymer having a plurality of chemically bound positive ions and a plurality of electrostatically bound negative ions, and at least one cationic exchange polymer electrolyte layer comprises a polymer having a plurality of chemically bound negative ions and a plurality of electrostatically bound positive ions, and wherein at least one of the anionic exchange polymer electrolyte layers comprises a chloride anionic exchange polymer, and wherein at least one of the cationic exchange polymer electrolyte layers comprises a hydrogen ion cationic exchange polymer; applying a field negatively polarized with respect to the cathode and positively polarized with respect to the anode under conditions sufficient to cause substantially all the electrostatically bound positive ions to migrate and be reduced at the cathode and removed as gas, and substantially all the electrostatically bound negative ions to migrate and be oxidized at the anode and removed as gas, wherein the residual chemically bound positive ions on the one or more anionic exchange polymer electrolyte layers and the residual chemically bound negative ions on the one or more cationic exchange polymer electrolyte layers form a solid multilayer dielectric comprising directly alternating polarized polymer layers; and further applying a field negatively polarized with respect to the cathode and positively polarized with respect to the anode under conditions sufficient to electrostatically store charge on surfaces of the electrodes. - View Dependent Claims (14)
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Specification