Power factor

• US 9,014,868 B2
• Filed: 03/29/2012
• Issued: 04/21/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 03/29/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation, Universiti Brunei Darussalam
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation, Universiti Brunei Darussalam
• Inventors: Hazra, Jagabondhu, Narayanaswamy, Balakrishnan, Seetharamakrishnan, Devasenapathi P., De Silva, Liyanage Chandratilak
• Primary Examiner(s): Bahta, Kidest
• Application Number:
  US13/433,653
• Publication Number:
  US 20130261822A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,118 Days
• Field of Search: 700/296, 700/295, 700/293, 700/286, 700/287, 702/61, 702/62, 705/30
• US Class Current: 700/298
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 15/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/18 Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks for adjustment of voltage H02J3/16
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 40/30 Reactive power compensation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 80/10 Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

Abstract

An apparatus and an article of manufacture for improving power factor include collecting consumption data of at least one appliance, building a consumption profile for each of the at least one appliance based on the consumption data collected, reconstructing reactive power consumption of each of the at least one appliance based on the consumption profile for each of the at least one appliance, and computing a schedule for each of the at least one appliance in accordance the reactive power consumption of each of the at least one appliance to improve power factor while respecting at least one constraint.

Claims

1. An article of manufacture comprising a computer readable storage medium having computer readable instructions tangibly embodied thereon which, when implemented, cause a computer to carry out a plurality of method steps comprising:

collecting consumption data of at least one inductive appliance and at least one capacitive appliance;

building a consumption profile for each of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance based on the consumption data collected;

reconstructing reactive power consumption of each of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance based on the consumption profile for each of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance, wherein said reactive power is distinct from active power, said reactive power being stored in the given appliance and said active power being consumed by the given appliance; and

computing an operating schedule for a subset of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance, in accordance with the reconstructed reactive power consumption, to reduce reactive power flow within the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance to improve power factor while respecting at least one constraint.

2. The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein the computer readable instructions which, when implemented, further cause a computer to carry out a method step comprising:

editing the operating schedule based on user input.

3. The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein collecting consumption data of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance comprises collecting consumption data from a smart meter.

4. The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein the at least one constraint comprises at least one of user availability, comfort, user preference for device usage time and duration and delay, user preference for device usage intensity and change in intensity, user preference for device co-scheduling and re-scheduling, cost related to reactive power, and available source of power.

5. The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said computing the operating schedule comprises co-scheduling multiple appliances to improve a net power factor.

6. The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein said computing the operating schedule comprises re-scheduling an appliance based on real-time pricing of reactive power.

13. The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein the computer readable instructions which, when implemented, further cause a computer to carry out a method step comprising:

storing the consumption profile for each of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance in a database.

15. The article of manufacture of claim 1, wherein the computer readable instructions which, when implemented, further cause a computer to carry out a method step comprising:

displaying the operating schedule via an output device.

7. A system for improving power factor, comprising:

at least one distinct software module, each distinct software module being embodied on a tangible computer-readable medium;

a memory; and

at least one processor coupled to the memory and operative for;

collecting consumption data of at least one inductive appliance and at least one capacitive appliance;

building a consumption profile for each of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance based on the consumption data collected;

reconstructing reactive power consumption of each of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance based on the consumption profile for each of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance, wherein said reactive power is distinct from active power, said reactive power being stored in the given appliance and said active power being consumed by the given appliance; and

computing an operating schedule for a subset of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance, in accordance with the reconstructed reactive power consumption, to reduce reactive power flow within the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance to improve power factor while respecting at least one constraint.

8. The system of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor coupled to the memory is further operative for:

editing the operating schedule based on user input.

9. The system of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor coupled to the memory operative for collecting consumption data of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance is further operative for collecting consumption data from a smart meter.

10. The system of claim 7, wherein the at least one constraint comprises at least one of user availability, comfort, user preference for device usage time and duration and delay, user preference for device usage intensity and change in intensity, user preference for device co-scheduling and re-scheduling, cost related to reactive power, and available source of power.

11. The system of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor coupled to the memory operative for computing the operating schedule comprises is further operative for co-scheduling multiple appliances to improve a net power factor.

12. The system of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor coupled to the memory operative for computing the operating schedule comprises is further operative for re-scheduling an appliance based on real-time pricing of reactive power.

14. The system of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor coupled to the memory is further operative for:

storing the consumption profile for each of the at least one inductive appliance and the at least one capacitive appliance in a database.

16. The system of claim 7, wherein the at least one processor coupled to the memory is further operative for:

displaying the operating schedule via an output device.

17. An article of manufacture comprising a computer readable storage medium having computer readable instructions tangibly embodied thereon which, when implemented, cause a computer to carry out a plurality of method steps comprising:

classifying, from a collection of multiple appliances, one or more inductive appliances and one or more capacitive appliances;

computing one or more reactive power parameters pertaining to the one or more inductive appliances and the one or more capacitive appliances; and

scheduling a subset of the one or more inductive appliances and the one or more capacitive appliances together to shorten flow of the reactive power within the one or more inductive appliances and the one or more capacitive appliances by minimizing a cost function, wherein said cost function is based on at least (i) a cost for consuming reactive power, (ii) a level of reactive power consumption by the one or more inductive appliances and the one or more capacitive appliances, (iii) a rate for reactive power, and (iv) the number of appliances among the one or more inductive appliances and the one or more capacitive appliances.

18. The article of manufacture of claim 17, wherein the cost function is further based on source power capacity.

19. The article of manufacture of claim 17, wherein the cost function is further based on measures of user inconvenience when an operating level and an operating time, respectively, of a given appliance are modified.

20. The article of manufacture of claim 17, wherein the cost function is further based on power consumed by a load associated with the one or more inductive appliances and the one or more capacitive appliances.