Enabling interoperability between participants in a network

• US 9,021,007 B2
• Filed: 07/24/2008
• Issued: 04/28/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 04/29/2004
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Aggarwal, Charu C., Campbell, Murray Scott, Chang, Yuan-Chi, Hill, Matthew Leon, Li, Chung-Sheng, Naphade, Milind R., Padmanabhan, Sriram K., Smith, John R., Wang, Min, Wu, Kun-Lung, Yu, Philip Shilung
• Primary Examiner(s): HENDERSON, ESTHER BENOIT
• Application Number:
  US12/178,980
• Publication Number:
  US 20080281626A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,469 Days
• Field of Search: 709/201, 705/37
• US Class Current: 709/201
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/06 Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 10/10 Office automation; Time management
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 40/04 Trading; Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/80 for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics, e.g. flu
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/1859 adapted to provide push services, e.g. data channels
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 51/214 using selective forwarding
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/125 involving control of end-device applications over a network
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/565 Conversion or adaptation of application format or content adding application control or application functional data H04L67/561

Abstract

Interoperability is enabled between participants in a network by determining values associated with a value metric defined for at least a portion of the network. Information flow is directed between two or more of the participants based at least in part on semantic models corresponding to the participants and on the values associated with the value metric. The semantic models may define interactions between the participants and define at least a portion of information produced or consumed by the participants. The determination of the values and the direction of the information flow may be performed multiple times in order to modify the one or more value metrics. The direction of information flow may allow participants to be deleted from the network, may allow participants to be added to the network, or may allow behavior of the participants to be modified.

Claims

1. A method for enabling interoperability between a plurality of participants in a network, the method comprising the steps of:

determining a value associated with a value metric defined for at least a portion of the network;

determining two or more alternative information flows between two or more of the plurality of participants in the network based at least in part on one or more semantic models corresponding to the plurality of participants and on the value associated with the value metric, wherein the one or more semantic models define inputs, outputs, and functionality for each of the plurality of participants and define at least a portion of information produced or consumed by the plurality of participants; and

optimizing an overall value of the network by selecting combinations of said alternative information flows for at least one portion of the network in order to satisfy consumers of information, wherein one or more steps are performed by a processor.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining two or more alternative information flows further comprises the steps of:

performing matchmaking between the plurality of participants based on the one or more semantic models and the value; and

directing information flow between the participants matched during the matchmaking.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of matchmaking comprises the steps of:

determining by using the one or more semantic models that the participants can be connected; and

determining that the value metric is modified by the connection.

4. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of normalizing the portion of information based on the one or more semantic models, and wherein the step of determining two or more alternative information flows uses the normalized portion of information.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of performing the determining steps multiple times in order to modify the value associated with the value metric.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the steps of determining are completed a number of times in order to modify the value associated with the value metric from one or more initial values to one or more final values, wherein each of the number of times the steps of determining are completed creates one or more intermediate values associated with the value metric, and wherein the one or more final values are selected when changes in directing information between two or more of the plurality of participants cause currently determined one or more intermediate values to be within a predetermined distance from previously determined one or more intermediate values.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of generating one or more alerts based on the value of the value metric.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining two or more alternative information flows further comprises the steps of:

inserting a new participant into the network based on a semantic model of the new participant; and

directing information flow between one or more existing participants and the new participant.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein a given participant has information flow coupled to one or more particular participants, and wherein the step of determining two or more alternative information flows further comprises the steps of:

determining that the given participant has been removed from the network; and

directing information, by using the one or more semantic models, from one or more existing participants to the one or more particular participants.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step of determining two or more alternative information flows further comprises the steps of determining that the given participant can be deleted from the network and deleting the given participant from the network.

11. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining two or more alternative information flows comprises the step of directing new information to a given participant, whereby behavior of the given participant can change in response to the new information.

12. The method of claim 11, wherein the step of determining two or more alternative information flows further comprises the step of performing an analysis of statistical behavior of the given participant with respect to participants within a predetermined distance in the network from the given participant.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining two or more alternative information flows uses a semantic directory to access the one or more semantic models.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the semantic directory lists one or more of services, assumptions and processing methodologies of the plurality of participants.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of externalizing the services, assumptions, and processing methodologies of the plurality of participants, wherein the externalization is performed using one or more of specifically designed ontologies and federated ontologies.

16. The method of claim 1, wherein the participants of the network comprise producers of information, consumers of information, and transducers of information.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the transducers convert information from one kind to another kind.

18. The method of claim 1, wherein one or more of the participants produce a low level metric, and wherein the step of determining a value uses the low level metric.

19. The method of claim 1, wherein the value metric comprises one or more of a rule, an equation that evaluates to a value, and a boolean rule.

20. An apparatus for enabling interoperability between a plurality of participants in a network, the apparatus comprising:

one or more memories; and

one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories, the one or more processors configured;

to determine a value associated with a value metric defined for at least a portion of the network;

to determine two or more alternative information flows between two or more of the plurality of participants in the network based at least in part on one or more semantic models corresponding to the plurality of participants and on the value associated with the value metric, wherein the one or more semantic models define inputs, outputs, and functionality for each of the plurality of participants and define at least a portion of information produced or consumed by the plurality of participants; and

to optimize an overall value of the network by selecting combinations of said alternative information flows for at least one portion of the network in order to satisfy consumers of information.

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, when directing information flow:

to perform matchmaking between the plurality of participants based on the one or more semantic models and the one or more values; and

to directing information flow-between the participants matched during the matchmaking.

22. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to perform the determining steps multiple times in order to modify the value associated with the value metric.

23. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the determining operations are completed a number of times in order to modify the value associated with the value metric from one or more initial values to one or more final values, wherein each of the number of times the determining operations are completed creates one or more intermediate values associated with the value metric, and wherein the one or more final values are selected when changes in directing information between two or more of the plurality of participants cause currently determined one or more intermediate values to be within a predetermined distance from previously determined one or more intermediate values.

24. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors are further configured to generate one or more alerts based on the value of the value metric.

25. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, when directing information flow:

to insert a new participant into the network based on a semantic model of the new participant; and

to direct information flow between one or more existing participants and the new participant.

26. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein a given participant has information flow coupled to one or more particular participants, and wherein the one or more processors are further configured, when directing information flow:

to determine that the given participant has been removed from the network; and

to direct information, by using the one or more semantic models, from one or more existing participants to the one or more particular participants.

27. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, when directing information flow, to direct new information to a given participant, whereby behavior of the given participant can change in response to the new information.

28. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors are further configured, when directing information flow, to use a semantic directory to access the one or more semantic models.

29. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the participants of the network comprise producers of information, consumers of information, and transducers of information.

30. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein one or more of the participants produce a low level metric, and wherein the one or more processors are further configured, when determining the value, to use the low level metric when determining the value.

31. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the value metric comprises one or more of a rule, an equation that evaluates to a value, and a boolean rule.

32. An article of manufacture for enabling interoperability between a plurality of participants in a network, the article of manufacture comprising:

a non-transitory computer readable recordable medium containing one or more programs which when executed implement the steps of;

determining a value associated with a value metric defined for at least a portion of the network;

determining two or more alternative information flows between two or more of the plurality of participants in the network based at least in part on one or more semantic models corresponding to the plurality of participants and on the value associated with the value metric, wherein the one or more semantic models define inputs, outputs, and functionality for each of the plurality of participants and define at least a portion of information produced or consumed by the plurality of participants; and

optimizing an overall value of the network by selecting combinations of said alternative information flows for at least one portion of the network in order to satisfy consumers of information.