Methods and devices for providing prolonged drug therapy
First Claim
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1. An osmotic dosage form comprising:
- a capsule-shaped longitudinally compressed tablet core containing a plurality of layers wherein drug is contained in at least one layer and at least one other layer comprises a suitable fluid-expandable polymer, and wherein said drug is a CNS-stimulant drug selected from the group consisting of methylphenidate, d-threo-methylphenidate, amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, methamphetamine, and pemoline;
a semipermeable wall surrounding said longitudinally compressed tablet core to thereby form a compartment having an osmotic gradient to drive fluid from an external fluid environment contacting said semipermeable wall into said compartment; and
an orifice formed through said semipermeable wall and into said longitudinally compressed tablet core to permit drug to be released from within said compartment into said external fluid environment.
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Abstract
Methods and devices for maintaining a desired therapeutic drug effect over a prolonged therapy period are provided. In particular, oral dosage forms that release drug within the gastrointestinal tract at an ascending release rate over an extended time period are provided. The dosage forms may additionally comprise an immediate-release dose of drug.
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Citations
46 Claims
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1. An osmotic dosage form comprising:
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a capsule-shaped longitudinally compressed tablet core containing a plurality of layers wherein drug is contained in at least one layer and at least one other layer comprises a suitable fluid-expandable polymer, and wherein said drug is a CNS-stimulant drug selected from the group consisting of methylphenidate, d-threo-methylphenidate, amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, methamphetamine, and pemoline; a semipermeable wall surrounding said longitudinally compressed tablet core to thereby form a compartment having an osmotic gradient to drive fluid from an external fluid environment contacting said semipermeable wall into said compartment; and an orifice formed through said semipermeable wall and into said longitudinally compressed tablet core to permit drug to be released from within said compartment into said external fluid environment. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A dosage form comprising:
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a first drug layer comprising drug, wherein said drug is a CNS-stimulant drug selected from the group consisting of methylphenidate, d-threo-methylphenidate, amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, methamphetamine, and pemoline, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof; a second drug layer comprising an additional quantity of said drug, wherein the quantity of said drug in said second layer is greater than the quantity of said drug in the first layer; a third layer comprising a composition that expands and displaces the first drug layer followed by the second drug layer from the dosage form; a wall that surrounds the three layers, which wall is permeable to fluid and impermeable to drug; and a passageway in the wall communicating with the first drug layer for delivering the first drug layer followed by the second drug layer from the dosage form wherein said drug layers and wall are shaped and adapted to interact cooperatively such that drug is released from the dosage form at an ascending release rate beginning with a first periodic interval that begins at time t=0 and continuing up to at least about 5.5 hours following administration of said dosage form. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21)
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22. A dosage form comprising a capsule shaped tablet core comprising two layers, wherein:
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a first of said two layers comprises a portion of drug, wherein the drug is methylphenidate or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, a second of said layers comprises a suitable fluid-expanding polymer and is adjacent said first layer, a semipermeable membrane surrounding the capsule shaped tablet core to form a compartment having an osmotic gradient to drive fluid from an external fluid environment contacting the semipermeable membrane into the compartment, and an orifice formed through the semipermeable membrane and into the capsule shaped tablet core at a location adjacent to the first layer to permit the drug to be released from within the compartment into the external fluid environment, and wherein the dosage form releases the drug at an ascending release rate beginning with a first periodic interval that begins at time t=0 and continuing up to at least about 5.5 hours following administration of said dosage form. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33)
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34. A method comprising orally administering an osmotic dosage form comprising:
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a capsule-shaped longitudinally compressed tablet core containing a plurality of layers wherein drug is contained in at least one layer and at least one other layer comprises a suitable fluid-expandable polymer, wherein said drug is methylphenidate hydrochloride; a semipermeable wall surrounding said longitudinally compressed tablet core to thereby form a compartment having an osmotic gradient to drive fluid from an external fluid environment contacting said semipermeable wall into said compartment; and an orifice formed through said semipermeable wall and into said longitudinally compressed tablet core to permit drug to be released from within said compartment into said external fluid environment.
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35. A method comprising orally administering a capsule shaped dosage form comprising:
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a first drug layer comprising drug, wherein said drug is methylphenidate hydrochloride; a second drug layer comprising an additional quantity of said drug, wherein the quantity of said drug in said second layer is greater than the quantity of said drug in the first layer; a third layer comprising a composition that expands and displaces the first drug layer followed by the second drug layer from the dosage form; a wall that surrounds the three layers, which wall is permeable to fluid and impermeable to drug; and a passageway in the wall communicating with the first drug layer for delivering the first drug layer followed by the second drug layer from the dosage form wherein said drug layers and wall are shaped and adapted to interact cooperatively such that drug is released from the dosage form at an ascending release rate beginning with a first periodic interval that begins at time t=0 and continuing up to at least about 5.5 hours following administration of said dosage form.
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36. A method comprising orally administering a dosage form comprising a capsule shaped tablet core comprising two layers, wherein:
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a first of said two layers comprises a portion of a drug, wherein said drug is methylphenidate hydrochloride, a second of said layers comprises a suitable fluid-expanding polymer and is adjacent said first layer, a semipermeable membrane surrounding the capsule shaped tablet core to form a compartment having an osmotic gradient to drive fluid from an external fluid environment contacting the semipermeable membrane into the compartment, and an orifice formed through the semipermeable membrane and into the capsule shaped tablet core at a location adjacent to the first layer to permit the drug to be released from within the compartment into the external fluid environment, and wherein the dosage form releases the drug at an ascending release rate beginning with a first periodic interval that begins at time t=0 and continuing up to at least about 5.5 hours following administration of said dosage form.
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37. A dosage form comprising a capsule shaped tablet core comprising:
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two layers, wherein a first of said two layers comprises a portion of drug, wherein said drug comprises-methylphenidate hydrochloride, and wherein a second of said layers comprises a suitable fluid-expanding polymer; a semipermeable membrane that surrounds the capsule shaped tablet core to form a compartment that has an osmotic gradient that drives fluid from an external fluid environment contacting the semipermeable membrane into the compartment; and an orifice that is formed through the semipermeable membrane at a location adjacent to the first layer that permits the drug to be released from the compartment into the external fluid environment, wherein the dosage form releases the drug over a period comprising a first, second, and third sequential time intervals of equal duration, and wherein the dosage form releases more of said drug during said second interval than during said first interval and more of said drug during said third interval than during said second interval. - View Dependent Claims (38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46)
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Specification