Thermal management system for use with an integrated motor assembly

• US 9,030,063 B2
• Filed: 12/15/2011
• Issued: 05/12/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 12/17/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Tesla Inc.
• Original Assignee: Tesla Motors Incorporated (Tesla Inc.)
• Inventors: Rawlinson, Peter Dore, Sampson, Nicholas John, Kalayjian, Nicholas Robert, Johnston, Vincent George, Nelson, David Fred, de Bruijn, Wulfer Adrijan, Dettmann, Benjamin David, Kubba, Michael Raj, Pearce, Edwin M. Jr., Robbins, Jim, Pinkley, Gary Allen, Verzeni, Nicolas
• Primary Examiner(s): Mok, Alex W
• Application Number:
  US13/326,463
• Publication Number:
  US 20120153718A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,244 Days
• Field of Search: 310/52, 310/54
• US Class Current: 310/52
• CPC Class Codes: B60H 1/00278 for the battery arrangement of batteries B60R16/04
• CPC Class Codes: B60H 1/00392 for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 1/00 Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units B60K7/00 takes precedence; arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion B60K6/00; electric transmission arrangements B60K17/12; electric equipment or propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles per se B60L; current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L5/00
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2001/001 one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2001/005 the electric storage means
• CPC Class Codes: B60K 2001/006 the electric motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 1/003 to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 15/007 Physical arrangements or structures of drive train converters specially adapted for the propulsion motors of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2210/10 DC to DC converters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/34 Cabin temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/36 Temperature of vehicle components or parts
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/525 Temperature of converter or components thereof
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/003 relating to inverters
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0061 relating to electrical machines
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/40 using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/51 characterised by AC-motors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/14 Conductive energy transfer
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/21 having the same nominal voltage
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 58/26 by cooling
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2200/91 Electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60Y 2200/92 : Hybrid vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 2057/02034 : Gearboxes combined or connected with electric machines structural association with electric machines H02K7/116
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 57/02 : Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
• CPC Class Codes: F16H 57/0476 : Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 11/33 : Drive circuits, e.g. power electronics H02K11/38 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 5/203 : specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 7/006 : Structural association of a motor or generator with the drive train of a motor vehicle
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 7/116 : with gears
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 9/197 : in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 9/20 : wherein the cooling medium vaporises within the machine casing
• CPC Class Codes: H02K 9/227 : Heat sinks
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/64 : Electric machine technologies in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y10S 903/906 : Motor or generator

Abstract

An integrated drive system assembly is provided that combines an electric motor, a power inverter assembly and a gearbox into a single, multi-piece enclosure. Combining these components into a single enclosure reduces weight, reduces drive system complexity, reduces system volume, simplifies assembly integration into an electric vehicle, reduces manufacturing cost, allows the flexible and lengthy electrical cables between the power inverter and the electric motor to be replaced with short, low loss, rigid bus bars, and simplifies component cooling by allowing the use of a common thermal management system, i.e., a mutual thermal management system. The common thermal management system includes a liquid coolant loop that is thermally coupled to the electric motor, the power inverter assembly and the gearbox.

Claims

1. An integrated drive system assembly of an electric vehicle, comprising:

a single, multi-piece enclosure;

an electric motor disposed within said single, multi-piece enclosure;

a power inverter assembly operable to convert DC current supplied by an energy storage system of said electric vehicle to AC current capable of operating said electric motor, wherein said power inverter assembly is disposed within said single, multi-piece enclosure;

a gearbox disposed within said single, multi-piece enclosure and coupled to said electric motor, wherein said electric motor is coupled to a drive train of said electric vehicle via said gearbox, and wherein said electric motor provides propulsive power to said electric vehicle; and

a mutual thermal management system coupled to said integrated drive system assembly and comprised of a liquid coolant loop containing a liquid coolant, wherein said liquid coolant loop is thermally coupled to said electric motor, said power inverter assembly and said gearbox.

2. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 1, said liquid coolant loop further comprising a plurality of stator coolant channels, a gearbox coolant plate, and at least one inverter cold plate.

3. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 1, wherein said liquid coolant loop is coupled to said integrated drive system assembly via a single coolant inlet and a single coolant outlet.

4. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 3, wherein after said single coolant inlet said mutual thermal management system is configured to split said liquid coolant loop into a first coolant flow path and a second coolant flow path, wherein said liquid coolant within said first coolant flow path flows through an electric motor rotor and a gearbox coolant plate before passing through said single coolant outlet, and wherein said liquid coolant within said second coolant flow path flows through a plurality of stator coolant channels and at least one inverter cold plate before passing through said single coolant outlet.

5. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 4, wherein said at least one inverter cold plate is comprised of three drive inverter phase cold plates.

6. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 4, wherein said mutual thermal management system directs approximately 20% of said liquid coolant entering said integrated drive system assembly via said single coolant inlet through said first coolant flow path and directs approximately 80% of said liquid coolant entering said integrated drive system assembly via said single coolant inlet through said second coolant flow path.

7. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 4, wherein said plurality of stator coolant channels are mechanically and thermally coupled to an outer housing member of a motor stator corresponding to said electric motor.

8. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 4, wherein said liquid coolant within said second coolant flow path passes through an internal stator to inverter coolant passageway, wherein said internal stator to inverter coolant passageway is interposed between said plurality of stator coolant channels and said at least one inverter cold plate.

9. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 8, further comprising a coolant manifold within said power inverter assembly, wherein said liquid coolant flows through said internal stator to inverter coolant passageway before flowing into said coolant manifold, wherein said coolant manifold is comprised of a plurality of coolant inlet and outlet pairs, and wherein said liquid coolant flows through said plurality of coolant inlet and outlet pairs into and out of said at least one inverter cold plate.

10. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of solid metal bus bars electrically connecting a power inverter output of said power inverter assembly to an electric motor power input of said electric motor, wherein said plurality of solid metal bus bars are disposed within said single, multi-piece enclosure.

11. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 10, wherein each of said plurality of solid metal bus bars is comprised of a solid copper conductor.

12. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 10, wherein each of said plurality of solid metal bus bars is less than 20 centimeters long, less than 3 centimeters wide, and less than 0.7 centimeters thick.

13. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 1, further comprising a subframe structural member, wherein said integrated drive system assembly is attached to said subframe structural member via a pair of brackets attached to said single, multi-piece enclosure.

14. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 1, wherein said gearbox is a single speed, fixed gear gearbox, and wherein said gearbox is coupled to a first drive half shaft and a second drive half shaft.

15. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 1, wherein said energy storage system of said electric vehicle is comprised of a battery pack, wherein said battery pack is comprised of a plurality of electrically interconnected batteries.

16. The integrated drive system assembly of claim 1, wherein said electric motor is comprised of an AC motor.