Method and apparatus to determine if a cellular jamming signal is malicious or non-malicious based on received signal strength

• US 9,031,538 B2
• Filed: 02/16/2012
• Issued: 05/12/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 02/16/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Continental Automotive Systems, Inc. (Continental AG)
• Original Assignee: Continental Automotive Systems, Inc. (Continental AG)
• Inventors: Snider, James
• Primary Examiner(s): Edouard, Patrick
• Assistant Examiner(s): Huynh, Chuck
• Application Number:
  US13/397,758
• Publication Number:
  US 20130217358A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,181 Days
• Field of Search: 455/411, 455/575.9, 455/569.2, 455/404.2, 342/20
• US Class Current: 455/411
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/21 Interference related issues ; Issues related to cross-correlation, spoofing or other methods of denial of service
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 12/122 Counter-measures against attacks; Protection against rogue devices
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/08 Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/44 for communication between vehicles and infrastructures, e.g. vehicle-to-cloud [V2C] or vehicle-to-home [V2H]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 48/12 using downlink control channel
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 48/16 Discovering, processing access restriction or access information

Abstract

A signal on a wireless communication system control channel can be identified as authentic or malicious by monitoring control channel signal strength changes. When a control channel signal level increases abnormally fast or too quickly, i.e., above a threshold value rate of increase, the control channel signal is identified as likely being from a malicious source, such as a jamming transmitter.

Claims

1. A method of determining whether a signal received by a wireless communications transceiver in a vehicle on a wireless communication system control channel is authentic, the method comprising:

monitoring a control channel signal;

measuring the control channel signal level;

determining a rate of increase in the control channel signal level;

determining if the control channel signal level rate of increase exceeds a predetermined threshold;

after determining that the control channel signal level rate of increase exceeds the predetermined threshold, determining from a navigation system on the vehicle, a first location of the vehicle where the control channel signal level rate of increase exceeded said predetermined threshold;

determining from a jamming transmitter location database stored within the vehicle whether said first location is proximate to a location where a control channel signal jamming transmitters is known to be located;

and

identifying the rate of increase in the control channel signal level as indicative of a control channel jamming signal when the rate of increase exceeds the predetermined threshold and when the first location of the vehicle is not proximate to a location where a control channel signal jamming transmitter is known to be located.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of measuring the control channel signal level is comprised of:

periodically evaluating a received signal strength indicator (RSSI);

computing a first RSSI value at a first point in time;

computing a second RSSI value at a later, second point in time;

determining a difference between the first and second RSSI values;

determining the time between the first and second points in time; and

determining a rate of increase of the RSSI from the first and second RSSI values and the time between.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining if the determined difference between the first and second RSSI values exceeds a threshold value, includes the step of:

determining whether differences between a plurality of successive RSSI values each exceed a predetermined threshold, which is changed on the fly, responsive to changing network conditions.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein successive differences between a plurality of RSSI values define a gradient and wherein the step of determining a substantially instantaneous increase in the control channel signal level comprises gradient above a threshold value.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of measuring the control channel signal level is comprised of:

periodically evaluating a received signal strength indicator (RSSI);

computing a first average RSSI value from a first set of RSSI measurements;

computing a second average RSSI value from a second set of RSSI measurements; and

determining a difference between the first average RSSI and the second average RSSI values.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the RSSI values comprising the first set of RSSI measurements and the RSSI values comprising the second set of RSSI measurements are different from each other.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of determining a difference between the first average RSSI and the second average RSSI values includes the step of:

determining whether differences between a plurality of successive average RSSI values exceed a predetermine threshold.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein successive differences between a plurality of RSSI values define a gradient and wherein the step of determining a substantially instantaneous increase in the control channel signal level comprises gradient above a threshold value.

9. An apparatus for determining whether a signal on a control channel for a communications system used by a vehicle telematics system is authentic or spurious, the apparatus comprising:

a received signal strength determiner (determiner), configured to output a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) at specific points in time, each RSSI having a value corresponding to the strength of a signal received on the control channel by a receiver, at a corresponding point in time;

an RSSI comparator coupled to the determiner and configured to compare a plurality of successive RSSI values to a threshold signal increase value and configured to output a spurious signal indicator when a control channel signal strength rate of increase between successive RSSI values exceeds the threshold signal rate of increase value;

a global positioning system (GPS) coupled to the RSSI comparator and configured to determine a current location responsive to receipt of a spurious signal indicator;

a location database stored at the vehicle, coupled to the GPS and storing locations where control channel jamming transmitters are known to exist;

an interfering signal location determiner coupled to the location database and coupled to the GPS, the interfering signal location determiner being configured to determine from the location database and GPS whether the current location is proximate to a location where a control channel jamming transmitter is known to exist and additionally configured to output an interference signal indicating that a control channel signal level increase is due to jamming when the current location is not proximate to a location where a control channel jamming transmitter is known to exist.

10. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising:

a control channel signal detector coupled to the determiner and configured to provide to the determiner, signals obtained from a control channel for the communications system.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the control channel signal detector is configured to recognize white noise as a control channel signal.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the signals obtained from a control channel are comprised of control channel jamming transmitter signals.

13. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a timer coupled to the determiner, the timer being configured to generate signals that identify specific points in time at which the determiner outputs a received signal strength indicator (RSSI).

14. The apparatus of claim 13, further comprising a programmable register coupled to the determiner and configured to provide at least one, threshold signal rate of increase value to the RSSI comparator.

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the programmable register stores a value corresponding to a threshold rate of signal increase value, which value can be changed on the fly responsive to changing network conditions.

16. The apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a wireless transceiver, configured to provide a vehicle theft signal responsive to the spurious signal indicator.

17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein at least one of the determiner, the timer and the RSSI comparator are comprised of a processor and an associated memory device.

18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the programmable register stores a value corresponding to a threshold rate of increase value of about three decibels per second.