Online database availability during upgrade

• US 9,043,370 B2
• Filed: 04/08/2013
• Issued: 05/26/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 10/20/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Inventors: Hopmann, Alexander, Malhi, Balinder, Rosenfield, Zach, Lerma, Erick Raymundo, Windle, Marc
• Primary Examiner(s): Leroux, Etienne
• Application Number:
  US13/858,630
• Publication Number:
  US 20130226973A1
• Time in Patent Office: 778 Days
• Field of Search: 707/101, 707/102, 707/634, 707/803, 348/14.01, 709204-206
• US Class Current: 707/803
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/211 Schema design and management
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/213 with details for schema evolution support
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/972 Access to data in other repository systems, e.g. legacy data or dynamic Web page generation

Abstract

An online service includes databases that are upgraded while still processing requests. For example, web servers continue to request operations on the database while it is being upgraded. The schema of the database is upgraded before the web servers are upgraded to utilize the upgraded schema. Changes that are made to the upgraded schema are backwards compatible with the schema being used during the upgrade process. Restrictions are placed on the operations performed on the database during the upgrade process. After upgrading the schema, the web servers of the online service are upgraded to use the upgraded schema.

Claims

1. A method for upgrading a database that is still being accessed in an online service, comprising:

starting an upgrade process of a database used in the online service that includes updating a schema that is used by the database;

upgrading the schema of the database currently being utilized to an upgraded schema while continuing to receive, process, and perform requests for database operations; and

receiving, by the database, a request from an upgraded computing device using the upgraded schema.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein upgrading the schema of the database comprises adding a nullable column to an end of a table.

3. The method of claim 2, further comprising adding a value to the nullable column when a subsequent request to the database accesses data comprising the nullable column.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein upgrading the schema of the database comprises adding a table.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein upgrading the schema of the database comprises adding an index during the upgrade process and calculating the index after the upgrade process is complete.

6. The method of claim 1, further comprising after the upgrade process of the database schema is complete and the upgraded computing device is accessing the database using the upgraded schema, automatically determining when to remove unused tables and columns from the database.

7. The method of claim 1, further comprising upgrading a computing device of the online service to use the upgraded schema, wherein upgrading the computing device of the online service comprises upgrading software on the computing device such that requests to the database continue to be fulfilled during the upgrading of the software on the computing device.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein upgrading the computing device of the online service further comprises activating a set of web servers that use the upgraded schema and directing requests to the new set of web servers.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein the online service is a document collaboration service, and the database is a tenant database is maintained that includes a single row for each tenant.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, excluding signals, having computer-executable instructions for upgrading a database currently in use in an online service, comprising:

starting an upgrade process of a database used in the online service;

upgrading a schema of the database currently being utilized to an upgraded schema while continuing to receive, process, and perform requests for database operations;

wherein the upgraded schema is backwards compatible with the schema; and

receiving, by the database, a request from one or more upgraded computing devices utilizing the upgraded schema.

11. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein upgrading the schema of the database comprises adding a nullable column to an end of a table and after the upgrade process has completed adding a value to the nullable column when a subsequent request to the database accesses data comprising the nullable column.

12. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, further comprising restricting write operations to the database that relate to the upgrade process of the schema when the schema of the database is being upgraded.

13. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein the database is a tenant database is maintained that includes a single row for each tenant.

14. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, wherein upgrading the schema of the database comprises adding an index during the upgrade process and setting an option such that a table associated with the index remains unlocked when the index is initially built.

15. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, further comprising after the upgrade process of the database schema is complete automatically determining when to remove unused tables and columns from the database.

16. The computer-readable storage medium of claim 10, further comprising activating a set of web servers that use the upgraded schema and directing requests to the new set of web servers.

17. A system for upgrading a database currently in use in an online service, comprising:

a processor and a computer-readable storage medium;

an operating environment stored on the computer-readable medium and executing on the processor; and

an upgrade manager operative to;

start an upgrade process of the database;

wherein the database continues to receive, process and perform requests from web servers associated with the online service for database operations during the upgrade process;

upgrade the schema of the database currently being utilized to an upgraded schema;

receiving, by the database, a request from an upgraded web server utilizing the upgraded schema.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein upgrading the schema of the database comprises adding a nullable column to a table and after the upgrade process has completed adding a value to the nullable column when a subsequent request to the database accesses data comprising the nullable column and a check of the nullable column determines that a value of the nullable column is null.

19. The system of claim 17, further comprising restricting write operations to the database that relate to the upgrade process of the schema when the schema of the database is being upgraded.

20. The system of claim 17, further comprising upgrading the web servers to use the upgraded schema of the online service, wherein upgrading the web servers comprises continuing to fulfill requests to the database during the upgrading of the software on the web servers and activating a set of web servers that use the upgraded schema and directing requests to the new set of web servers.