Lithium-ion secondary battery, negative electrode for lithium-ion secondary battery, battery pack, electric vehicle, power storage system, electric tool, and electronic device

• US 9,048,485 B2
• Filed: 06/18/2012
• Issued: 06/02/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 06/24/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Murata Manufacturing Co Limited
• Original Assignee: Sony Corporation (Sony Group Corp.)
• Inventors: Hirose, Takakazu, Kawase, Kenichi, Fujinaga, Takashi, Koizumi, Isao, Nishi, Toshio
• Primary Examiner(s): DOUYETTE, KENNETH J
• Application Number:
  US13/526,133
• Publication Number:
  US 20120328915A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,079 Days
• Field of Search: 429/61, 429/231.95, 429/231.8, 429/231.6, 429/218.1, 429/231.5, 429/224, 429/221, 429/223, 429/220, 429/219, 429/225
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0525 Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/021 Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/027 Negative electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2004/028 Positive electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2220/30 Batteries in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/131 Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/133 Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/134 Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/364 as mixtures
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/366 as layered products
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/38 of elements or alloys
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/381 Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements H01M4/40 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/382 Lithium H01M4/405 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/386 Silicon or alloys based on silicon
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/387 Tin or alloys based on tin
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/463 Aluminium based
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/48 of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/485 of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy H01M4/505, H01M4/525 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/505 of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/525 : of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/54 : of silver
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/583 : Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/587 : for inserting or intercalating light metals
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/622 : being polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/623 : fluorinated polymers
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/626 : Metals
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

A lithium-ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode containing an active material, and an electrolytic solution, in which the active material includes a core portion capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, and a covering portion arranged on at least part of a surface of the core portion, in which the covering portion contains, as constituent elements, Si, O, and at least one element M1 selected from Li, C, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ge, Zr, Mo, Ag, Sn, Ba, W, Ta, Na, and K, and the atomic ratio y (O/Si) of O to Si is 0.5≦y≦1.8.

Claims

1. A lithium-ion secondary battery comprising:

a positive electrode;

a negative electrode containing a plurality of active material particles; and

an electrolytic solution, wherein each of the active material particles includes;

a core portion capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, and

a covering portion arranged on at least part of a surface of the core portion,

wherein the covering portion comprises Si, O, and at least one element M1 selected from Li, C, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ge, Zr, Mo, Ag, Sn, Ba, W, Ta, Na, and K,

wherein an atomic ratio y (O/Si) of 0 to Si is 0.5≦

y≦

1.8, and

wherein the core portion has a median diameter of 0.3 μ

m to 20 μ

m.

2. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of M1 to a total of Si and O (M1/(Si+O)) is 50 atomic percent or less.

3. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the atoms of M1 is bonded to at least one of Si and O.

4. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 3, wherein the covering portion contains a compound of Si, O, and M1.

5. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein an average coverage of the covering portion on the core portion ranges from 30% to 100%.

6. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the covering portion has an average thickness of 1 nm to 10,000 nm.

7. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the covering portion has a multilayer structure.

8. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the core portion comprises at least one of Si and Sn.

9. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 8, wherein the core portion comprises Si and O, and the atomic ratio x (O/Si) of O to Si is 0≦

x<

0.5.

10. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 8, wherein:

the core portion comprises at least one element M2 selected from the group consisting of Fe and Al, and

the ratio of M2 to a total of Si and O (M2/(Si+O)) ranges from 0.01 atomic percent to 50 atomic percent.

11. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 8, wherein:

the core portion comprises at least one element M3 selected from Cr and Ni, and

the ratio of M3 to a total of Si and O (M3/(Si+O)) ranges from 1 atomic percent to 50 atomic percent.

12. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 8, wherein:

the core portion comprises at least one element M4 selected from B, Mg, Ca, Ti, V, Mn, Co, Cu, Ge, Y, Zr, Mo, Ag, In, Sn, Sb, Ta, W, Pb, La, Ce, Pr, and Nd, and

the ratio of M4 to a total of Si and O (M4/(Si+O)) ranges from 0.01 atomic percent to 30 atomic percent.

13. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1,

wherein each of the active material particles includes a conductive portion arranged on at least part of a surface of the covering portion, the conductive portion having a lower electrical resistance than those of each of the core portion and the covering portion.

14. A battery pack comprising:

the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1;

a controller configured to control the usage state of the lithium-ion secondary battery; and

a switching unit configured to switch the usage state of the lithium-ion secondary battery in response to an instruction from the controller.

15. An electric vehicle comprising:

the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1;

a conversion unit configured to convert power from the lithium-ion secondary battery into a driving force;

a driven unit configured to be driven in response to the driving force; and

a controller configured to control the usage state of the lithium-ion secondary battery.

16. A power storage system comprising:

the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1;

one or two or more electrical devices; and

a controller configured to control the power supply from the lithium-ion secondary battery to the electrical devices.

17. An electric tool comprising:

the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1; and

a moving part powered by the lithium-ion secondary battery.

18. An electronic device comprising:

the lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the electronic device is powered by the lithium-ion secondary battery.

19. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the covering portion has an average thickness of 100 nm to 10,000 nm.

20. The lithium-ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the covering portion comprises granules having a median diameter of 0.3 μ

m to 20 μ

m.

21. A negative electrode for a lithium-ion secondary battery, the negative electrode comprising:

a plurality of active material particles,

wherein each of the active material particles includes;

a core portion capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, and

a covering portion arranged on at least part of a surface of the core portion,

wherein the covering portion comprises Si, O, and at least one element M1 selected from Li, C, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ge, Zr, Mo, Ag, Sn, Ba, W, Ta, Na, and K,

wherein an atomic ratio y (O/Si) of O to Si is 0.5≦

y≦

1.8, and

wherein the core portion has a median diameter of 0.3 μ

m to 20 μ

m.