Systems and methods for obtaining and using incident field transfer functions of electrical stimulation systems

• US 9,052,346 B2
• Filed: 03/13/2013
• Issued: 06/09/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 03/15/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Gupta, Gaurav, Bocek, Joseph M., Venook, Ross Daniel, McDonald, Matthew Lee, Carbunaru, Rafael, Patel, Chirag M.
• Primary Examiner(s): Vazquez, Arleen M
• Assistant Examiner(s): RODAK, LEE E
• Application Number:
  US13/801,282
• Publication Number:
  US 20130241573A1
• Time in Patent Office: 818 Days
• Field of Search: 324615-619, 324/638, 606/33, 702/109
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/08 Arrangements or circuits for monitoring, protecting, controlling or indicating for external stimulators A61N1/3603; for implantable neurostimulators A61N1/36128; for heart stimulators A61N1/37; for defibrillators A61N1/3925
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/086 Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] compatible leads
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/36 for stimulation
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3718 Monitoring of or protection against external electromagnetic fields or currents
• CPC Class Codes: F04C 2270/041 Controlled or regulated
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/00 Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere measuring superconductive properties G01R33/1238; testing or measuring semiconductors or solid state devices during manufacture H01L22/00; testing line transmission systems H04B3/46
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 31/001 Measuring interference from external sources to, or emission from, the device under test, e.g. EMC, EMI, EMP or ESD testing measuring electromagnetic fields G01R29/08; circuits for generating HV pulses in dielectric strength testing G01R31/14
• CPC Class Codes: G01R 33/285 Invasive instruments, e.g. catheters or biopsy needles, specially adapted for tracking, guiding or visualization by NMR

Abstract

A method of estimating response of a medical lead to an electromagnetic field includes providing a medical lead having a proximal end, a distal end, a plurality of electrodes disposed along the distal end, a plurality of terminals disposed along the proximal end, and a plurality of conductors extending along the medical lead and electrically coupling the electrodes to the terminals; individually applying a test field at each of a plurality of test positions along the medical lead using at least one excitation probe; for each application of the test field, determining a response to the application of the test field at one or more of the electrodes or terminals; generating a transfer function using a combination of the responses determined for the applications of the test field; and using the transfer function to estimate a response of the medical lead to an electromagnetic field.

Claims

1. A method of estimating response of a medical lead to an electromagnetic field, the method comprising:

providing a medical lead having a proximal end, a distal end, at least one electrode disposed along the distal end, at least one terminal disposed along the proximal end, and at least one conductor extending along the medical lead and electrically coupling the at least one electrode to the at least one terminal;

coupling at least one electrode or at least one terminal of the medical lead to a control/measurement system;

individually applying a test field at each of a plurality of test positions along the medical lead using at least one excitation probe, wherein each test position corresponds to a position of a one of the at least one excitation probe and each test position is a different distance from the at least one electrode or at least one terminal coupled to the control/measurement system;

for each application of the test field, determining a response to the application of the test field at the at least one electrode or at least one terminal coupled to the control/measurement system;

generating a transfer function using a combination of the responses determined for the applications of the test field; and

using the transfer function to estimate a response of the medical lead to an electromagnetic field.

2. The method of claim 1r wherein using the transfer function to estimate the response of the medical lead comprises using the transfer function to estimate tissue heating when the medical lead is implanted into a body and subjected to a magnetic resonance imaging procedure.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein using the transfer function to estimate the response of the medical lead comprises using the transfer function to estimate an induced electrical signal at one or more of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode when the medical lead is implanted into a body and subjected to a magnetic resonance imaging procedure.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein using the transfer function to estimate an induced electrical signal delivered at one or more of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode comprises using the transfer function to estimate an induced current at one or more of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode.

5. The method of claim 3, wherein using the transfer function to estimate an induced electrical signal at one or more of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode comprises using the transfer function to estimate an induced power at one or more of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode.

6. The method of claim 3, wherein using the transfer function to estimate an induced electrical signal at one or more of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode comprises using the transfer function to estimate a worst case amount of induced power at one or more of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode.

7. The method of claim 3, wherein using the transfer function to estimate an induced electrical signal at one or more of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode comprises using the transfer function to estimate a worst case applied field magnitude and phase at one or more of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein individually applying a test field at each of a plurality of positions along the medical lead using at least one excitation probe comprises sequentially applying a test field at regular intervals along the medical lead using the at least one excitation probe.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a response comprises, for each application of the test field, determining a response to the application of the test field at a plurality of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein generating a transfer function comprises, for each of the plurality of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode for which a response was determined, using a combination of the responses determined for that electrode or terminal to generate a transfer function for that electrode or terminal.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein using the transfer function comprises using a combination of the transfer functions generated for each of the plurality of the at least one terminal or at least one electrode to estimate a response of the medical lead to an electromagnetic field

12. The method of claim 1, further comprising placing the medical lead into a medium that is electromagnetically similar to a region of a body.

13. The method of claim 1, wherein using the transfer function to evaluate the response of the medical lead comprises using the transfer function to estimate a worst case amount of tissue heating when the medical lead is implanted into a body and subjected to a magnetic resonance imaging procedure.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable medium having processor-executable instructions for estimating response of a lead to an electromagnetic field, the processor-executable instructions when installed onto a device enable the device to perform actions, comprising:

individually applying a test field at each of a plurality of test positions along a medical lead using an excitation probe, wherein at least one electrode or at least one terminal of the medical lead is coupled to a control/measurement system, wherein each test position corresponds to a position of the excitation probe and each test position is a different distance from the at least one electrode or at least one terminal coupled to the control/measurement system;

for each application of the test field, determining a response to the application of the test field at the at least one electrode or at least one terminal coupled to the control/measurement system;

generating a transfer function using a combination of the responses determined for the applications of the test field; and

using the transfer function to estimate a response of the medical lead to an electromagnetic field.

15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 14, wherein determining a response comprises, for each application of the test field, determining a response to the application of the test field at a plurality of the electrodes or terminals.

16. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 15, wherein generating a transfer function comprises, for each of the plurality of the electrodes or terminals for which a response was determined, using a combination of the responses determined for that electrode or terminal to Generate a transfer function for that electrode or terminal.

17. A system for estimating response of a medical lead to an electromagnetic field, the system comprising:

at least one excitation probe configured and arranged for providing a test field;

at least one response probe configured and arranged for receiving a signal from a lead in response to the test field; and

a control/measurement system coupled to the at least one excitation probe and at least one response probe, the control/measurement system comprising a processor for executing processor-readable instructions that enable actions, including;

individually applying a test field at each of a plurality of test positions along a medical lead using the excitation probe, wherein at least one electrode or at least one terminal of the medical lead is coupled to the control/measurement system, wherein each test position corresponds to a position of the excitation probe and each test position is a different distance from the at least one electrode or at least one terminal coupled to the control/measurement system;

for each application of the test field, determining a response to the application of the test field at the at least one electrode or at least one terminal coupled to the control/measurement system using the at least one response probe;

generating a transfer function using a combination of the responses determined for the applications of the test field; and

using the transfer function to estimate a response of the medical lead to an electromagnetic field.

18. The system of claim 17, further comprising a medium that is electromagnetically similar to a region of a body and configured and arranged to receive the medical lead.

19. The system of claim 17, wherein the system comprises a plurality of the excitation probes.

20. The system of claim 17, wherein the system comprises a plurality of the response probes.

21. The system of claim 17, further comprising the medical lead.

22. A method of estimating electromagnetic coupling of a first medical lead to a second medical lead, the method comprising:

providing a first medical lead and a second medical lead, each having a proximal end, a distal end, a plurality of electrodes disposed along the distal end, a plurality of terminals disposed along the proximal end, and a plurality of conductors electrically coupling the electrodes to the terminals;

coupling at least one electrode or at least one terminal of the second medical lead to a control/measurement system;

individually applying a test field at each of a plurality of test positions along the first medical lead using at least one excitation probe without conductive coupling the at least one excitation probe to the first medical lead, wherein each test position corresponds to a position of a one of the at least one excitation probe and each test position is a different distance from the at least one electrode or at least one terminal coupled to the control/measurement system;

for each application of the test field, determining a response to the application of the test field to the first medical lead at one or more of the electrodes or terminals of the second medical lead coupled to the control/measurement system;

generating a transfer function using a combination of the responses determined for the applications of the test field; and

using the transfer function to estimate electromagnetic coupling of the first medical lead to the second medical lead.