Gasifier power plant and management of wastes
First Claim
Patent Images
1. A gradual oxidation system comprising:
- a solid fuel gasifier that extracts gas fuel from a solid fuel;
a scrubber that removes contaminants from the gas fuel with a cleansing liquid; and
a flameless combustion chamber that (i) receives the cleansing liquid and contaminants from the scrubber, (ii) maintains an internal temperature sufficient to provide a gradual oxidation process, and (iii) provides a residence time, such that substantially all the contaminants from the scrubber are oxidized within the flameless combustion chamber;
wherein the flameless combustion chamber receives the gas fuel from the scrubber and oxidizes the gas fuel during the gradual oxidation process, and wherein the cleansing liquid and contaminants are heated with an exhaust gas from the flameless combustion chamber prior to delivery to the flameless combustion chamber.
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Abstract
Described herein are gradual oxidation systems that receive and process solid, liquid, or gaseous fuels. The system can include a solid fuel gasifier that extracts and cleans gas fuel from a solid fuel. The system can also include a reaction chamber that receives the gas fuel and maintains a gradual oxidation process of the fuel. In some embodiments, liquids containing contaminants can be oxidized within the gradual oxidation chamber. Liquid fuels and gas fuels may be communicated to the oxidation chamber separately or in combination.
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Citations
37 Claims
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1. A gradual oxidation system comprising:
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a solid fuel gasifier that extracts gas fuel from a solid fuel; a scrubber that removes contaminants from the gas fuel with a cleansing liquid; and a flameless combustion chamber that (i) receives the cleansing liquid and contaminants from the scrubber, (ii) maintains an internal temperature sufficient to provide a gradual oxidation process, and (iii) provides a residence time, such that substantially all the contaminants from the scrubber are oxidized within the flameless combustion chamber; wherein the flameless combustion chamber receives the gas fuel from the scrubber and oxidizes the gas fuel during the gradual oxidation process, and wherein the cleansing liquid and contaminants are heated with an exhaust gas from the flameless combustion chamber prior to delivery to the flameless combustion chamber. - View Dependent Claims (2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
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3. A gradual oxidation system comprising:
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a solid fuel gasifier that extracts gas fuel from a solid fuel; a scrubber that removes contaminants from the gas fuel with a cleansing liquid; and a flameless combustion chamber that (i) receives the cleansing liquid and contaminants from the scrubber, (ii) maintains an internal temperature sufficient to provide a gradual oxidation process, and (iii) provides a residence time, such that substantially all the contaminants from the scrubber are oxidized within the flameless combustion chamber; wherein the gas fuel is cleansed by the scrubber with water, and wherein the cleansing liquid and contaminants are heated with an exhaust gas from the flameless combustion chamber prior to delivery to the flameless combustion chamber. - View Dependent Claims (4, 5)
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11. A gradual oxidation system comprising:
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a solid fuel gasifier that extracts gas fuel from a solid fuel; a scrubber that removes contaminants from the gas fuel with a cleansing liquid; and a flameless combustion chamber that (i) receives the cleansing liquid and contaminants from the scrubber, (ii) maintains an internal temperature sufficient to provide a gradual oxidation process, and (iii) provides a residence time, such that substantially all the contaminants from the scrubber are oxidized within the flameless combustion chamber, wherein the flameless combustion chamber receives the gas fuel from the scrubber via a first inlet, and receives a supplemental gas fuel from a second inlet, and wherein the cleansing liquid and contaminants are heated with an exhaust gas from the flameless combustion chamber prior to delivery to the flameless combustion chamber.
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12. A gradual oxidation system comprising:
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a first inlet, configured to communicate contaminated liquid to the system; a second inlet, configured to communicate fuel to the system; a flameless combustion chamber that receives the contaminated liquid and fuel and that maintains an internal temperature sufficient to provide a gradual oxidation process while maintaining a maximum temperature in the combustion chamber below a temperature that causes formation of nitrogen oxide, such that the fuel and contaminants in the liquid are oxidized; and an outlet arranged to conduct an output gas from the combustion chamber, the output gas comprising an oxidation product gas generated by the gradual oxidation process in the combustion chamber; wherein the contaminated liquid is received from a scrubber that cleans gas fuel with water, and wherein the contaminated liquid is heated with the output gas from the combustion chamber prior to delivery to the flameless combustion chamber. - View Dependent Claims (13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19)
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20. A method of oxidizing solid fuel comprising:
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extracting gas fuel from a solid fuel with a solid fuel gasifier; scrubbing the gas fuel with a cleansing liquid in a scrubber to remove contaminants from the gas fuel; conducting the cleansing liquid and contaminants from the scrubber to a flameless combustion chamber; oxidizing the contaminants in the combustion chamber by (i) maintaining an internal temperature in the combustion chamber sufficient to provide a gradual oxidation process and (ii) providing a residence time within the combustion chamber such that substantially all the contaminants from the scrubber are oxidized within the combustion chamber; and conducting gas fuel from the scrubber to the flameless combustor and oxidizing the gas fuel during the gradual oxidation process, and heating the cleansing liquid and contaminants with an exhaust gas from the combustion chamber prior to conducting to the flameless combustion chamber. - View Dependent Claims (21, 25, 26, 27, 28, 30)
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22. A method of oxidizing solid fuel comprising:
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extracting gas fuel from a solid fuel with a solid fuel gasifier; scrubbing the gas fuel with a cleansing liquid in a scrubber to remove contaminants from the gas fuel; conducting the cleansing liquid and contaminants from the scrubber to a flameless combustion chamber; oxidizing the contaminants in the combustion chamber by (i) maintaining an internal temperature in the combustion chamber sufficient to provide a gradual oxidation process and (ii) providing a residence time within the combustion chamber such that substantially all the contaminants from the scrubber are oxidized within the combustion chamber; wherein the gas fuel is cleansed by the scrubber with water, and wherein the cleansing liquid and contaminants are heated with an exhaust gas from the flameless combustion chamber prior to conducting to the flameless combustion chamber. - View Dependent Claims (23, 24)
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29. A method of oxidizing solid fuel comprising:
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extracting gas fuel from a solid fuel with a solid fuel gasifier; scrubbing the gas fuel with a cleansing liquid in a scrubber to remove contaminants from the gas fuel; conducting the cleansing liquid and contaminants from the scrubber to a flameless combustion chamber; and oxidizing the contaminants in the combustion chamber by (i) maintaining an internal temperature in the combustion chamber sufficient to provide a gradual oxidation process and (ii) providing a residence time within the combustion chamber such that substantially all the contaminants from the scrubber are oxidized within the combustion chamber; wherein the gas fuel is conducted to the flameless combustion chamber via a first inlet, and the combustion chamber receives a supplemental gas fuel from a second inlet, and wherein the cleansing liquid and contaminants are heated with an exhaust gas from the flameless combustion chamber prior to conducting to the flameless combustion chamber.
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31. A method of oxidizing contaminants in a liquid comprising:
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conducting a contaminated liquid to a flameless combustion chamber via a first inlet; conducting fuel to the flameless combustion chamber via a second inlet; and oxidizing contaminants in the contaminated liquid with the fuel in the flameless combustion chamber by (i) maintaining an internal temperature in the combustion chamber sufficient to provide a gradual oxidation process, (ii) maintaining a maximum temperature in the combustion chamber below a temperature that causes formation of nitrogen oxide and (iii) providing a residence time within the combustion chamber such that substantially all the contaminants from a scrubber are oxidized within the combustion chamber; wherein the contaminated liquid is conducted to the combustion chamber from the scrubber that cleans gas fuel with water, and wherein the contaminated liquid is heated with an exhaust gas from the combustion chamber prior to conducting to the flameless combustion chamber. - View Dependent Claims (32, 33, 35, 36, 37)
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34. A method of oxidizing contaminants in a liquid comprising:
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conducting a contaminated liquid to a flameless combustion chamber via a first inlet; conducting fuel to the flameless combustion chamber via a second inlet; and oxidizing contaminants in the contaminated liquid with the fuel in the flameless combustion chamber by (i) maintaining an internal temperature in the combustion chamber sufficient to provide a gradual oxidation process, (ii) maintaining a maximum temperature in the combustion chamber below a temperature that causes formation of nitrogen oxide and (iii) providing a residence time within the combustion chamber such that substantially all the contaminants from a scrubber are oxidized within the combustion chamber; wherein the fuel comprises gas fuel from the scrubber and the flameless combustion chamber oxidizes the gas fuel during the gradual oxidation process, and wherein the contaminated liquid is heated with an exhaust gas from the flameless combustion chamber prior to conducting to the flameless combustion chamber.
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Specification