Communication and charging circuitry for a single-coil implantable medical device

• US 9,070,507 B2
• Filed: 02/26/2014
• Issued: 06/30/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 10/24/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Boston Scientific Neuromodulation Corporation (Boston Scientific Corporation)
• Inventors: Dronov, Vasily, Parramon, Jordi, Ozawa, Robert, Rahman, Md. Mizanur, Feldman, Emanuel
• Primary Examiner(s): MANUEL, GEORGE C
• Application Number:
  US14/190,355
• Publication Number:
  US 20140176066A1
• Time in Patent Office: 489 Days
• Field of Search: 607/60
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/37223 Circuits for electromagnetic coupling
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 1/3787 from an external energy source
• CPC Class Codes: H01F 38/14 Inductive couplings for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling H02J50/10
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/12 of the resonant type
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 9/12 using combinations of frequencies

Abstract

Communication and charging circuitry for an implantable medical device is described having a single coil for receiving charging energy and for data telemetry. The circuitry removes from the AC side of the circuit a tuning capacitor and switch traditionally used to tune the tank circuitry to different frequencies for telemetry and charging. As such, the tank circuitry is simplified and contains no switchable components. A switch is serially connected to the storage capacitor on the DC side of the circuit. During telemetry, the switch is opened, thus disconnecting the storage capacitor from the tank circuit, and alleviating concerns that this capacitor will couple to the tank circuit and interfere with telemetry operations. During charging, the switch is closed, which allows the storage capacitor to couple to the tank circuitry through the rectifier during some portions of the tank circuitry'"'"'s resonance.

Claims

1. Circuitry for an implantable medical device, comprising:

a resonant circuit comprising a coil and configured to produce an AC voltage;

a rectifier configured to receive the AC voltage at a rectifier input and to produce a DC voltage at a rectifier output;

a first capacitance; and

a first switch controllable to couple or decouple the first capacitance to or from the rectifier output to control a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit.

2. The circuitry of claim 1, wherein the first switch is in series with the first capacitance between the rectifier output and ground.

3. The circuitry of claim 2, further comprising a second capacitance between the rectifier output and ground.

4. The circuitry of claim 3, wherein the resonant circuit further comprises a third capacitance, and wherein the coil and the third capacitance are coupled in parallel.

5. The circuitry of claim 1, wherein the coil is configured to receive a magnetic field, and wherein the resonant circuit produces the AC voltage from the magnetic field.

6. The circuitry of claim 5, wherein the magnetic field is modulated with data.

7. The circuitry of claim 5, further comprising a battery, wherein the DC voltage is used to charge the battery.

8. The circuitry of claim 7, further comprising battery charging circuitry, wherein the battery charging circuitry is in line between the DC voltage and the battery.

9. The circuitry of claim 1, wherein the AC voltage transmits a magnetic field modulated with data.

10. The circuitry of claim 1, wherein the first switch controls the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit to a first frequency in a first mode of operation, and to a second frequency in a second mode of operation.

11. The circuitry of claim 10, wherein the first switch decouples the first capacitance in the first mode, and couples the first capacitance in the second mode.

12. The circuitry of claim 10, wherein the first mode comprises a data telemetry mode, and wherein the second mode comprises an energy receive mode.

13. The circuitry of claim 12, wherein the first frequency is higher than the second frequency.

14. The circuitry of claim 12, further comprising a transmitter, wherein the transmitter is configured to produce the AC voltage to wirelessly transmit data during the data telemetry mode.

15. The circuitry of claim 14, further comprising a second switch coupled to the resonant circuit, wherein the transmitter is configured to control the second switch.

16. The circuitry of claim 12, further comprising a receiver, wherein the receiver is coupled to the resonant circuit to wirelessly receive data during the data telemetry mode.

17. The circuitry of claim 12, further comprising a second switch coupled between a power supply voltage and a first end of the resonant circuit, and a third switch coupled between ground and a second end of the resonant circuit.

18. The circuitry of claim 17, wherein the second and third switches are open during the energy receive mode.

19. The circuitry of claim 17, wherein the data telemetry mode comprises a data transmit mode and a data receive mode, and wherein during the data transmit mode the second or third switch is modulated with data while the other of the second or third switch is closed, and wherein during the data receive mode one of the second or third switch is opened while the other of the second or third switch is closed.

20. The circuitry of claim 12, further comprising a battery, wherein during the energy receive mode the DC voltage is used to charge the battery.

21. The circuitry of claim 1, wherein the rectifier comprises a full bridge rectifier.

22. The circuit of claim 1, wherein no circuitry is connected to the resonant circuit to tune the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit.

23. Circuitry for an implantable medical device, comprising:

a resonant circuit comprising a coil and configured to produce an AC voltage;

a rectifier configured to receive the AC voltage at a rectifier input and to produce a DC voltage at a rectifier output; and

tuning circuitry coupled to the rectifier output, wherein the tuning circuitry is controllable to control a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit,

wherein the tuning circuitry controls the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit to a first frequency in a first mode of operation, and to a second frequency in a second mode of operation.

24. The circuitry of claim 23, wherein the tuning circuitry comprises a first capacitance and a first switch, wherein the first switch is controllable to control the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit.

25. The circuitry of claim 24, wherein the first switch couples or decouples the first capacitance to or from the rectifier output.

26. The circuitry of claim 24, wherein the first switch is in series with the first capacitance between the rectifier output and ground.

27. The circuitry of claim 26, further comprising a second capacitance between the rectifier output and ground.

28. The circuitry of claim 27, wherein the resonant circuit further comprises a third capacitance, and wherein the coil and the third capacitance are coupled in parallel.

29. The circuitry of claim 23, wherein the coil is configured to receive a magnetic field, and wherein the resonant circuit produces the AC voltage from the magnetic field.

30. The circuitry of claim 29, wherein the magnetic field is modulated with data.

31. The circuitry of claim 29, further comprising a battery, wherein the DC voltage is used to charge the battery.

32. The circuitry of claim 31, further comprising battery charging circuitry, wherein the battery charging circuitry is in line between the DC voltage and the battery.

33. The circuitry of claim 23, wherein the AC voltage transmits a magnetic field modulated with data.

34. The circuitry of claim 23, wherein the first mode comprises a data telemetry mode, and wherein the second mode comprises an energy receive mode.

35. The circuitry of claim 34, wherein the first frequency is higher than the second frequency.

36. The circuitry of claim 34, further comprising a transmitter, wherein the transmitter is configured to produce the AC voltage to wirelessly transmit data during the data telemetry mode.

37. The circuitry of claim 36, further comprising a second switch coupled to the resonant circuit, wherein the transmitter is configured to control the second switch.

38. The circuitry of claim 34, further comprising a receiver, wherein the receiver is coupled to the resonant circuit to wirelessly receive data during the data telemetry mode.

39. The circuitry of claim 34, further comprising a second switch coupled between a power supply voltage and a first end of the resonant circuit, and a third switch coupled between ground and a second end of the resonant circuit.

40. The circuitry of claim 39, wherein the second and third switches are open during the energy receive mode.

41. The circuitry of claim 39, wherein the data telemetry mode comprises a data transmit mode and a data receive mode, and wherein during the data transmit mode the second or third switch is modulated with data while the other of the second or third switch is closed, and wherein during the data receive mode one of the second or third switch is opened while the other of the second or third switch is closed.

42. The circuitry of claim 34, further comprising a battery, wherein during the energy receive mode the DC voltage is used to charge the battery.

43. The circuitry of claim 23, wherein the rectifier comprises a full bridge rectifier.

44. The circuit of claim 23, wherein no circuitry is connected to the resonant circuit to tune the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit.