Recommending content items

• US 9,075,882 B1
• Filed: 10/11/2005
• Issued: 07/07/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 10/11/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Original Assignee: Apple Inc.
• Inventors: Gautier, Patrice Olivier, Ward, Alan, Toubassi, Garrick Nadim
• Primary Examiner(s): Shmatov, Alexey
• Application Number:
  US11/249,173
• Time in Patent Office: 3,556 Days
• Field of Search: 707/5, 707/1, 707/3, 707/4, 707/104.1, 707/999.003, 707/999.104, 707/748, 715/515, 705/27, 705/7, 705/8, 705/9, 705/26
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/9535 Search customisation based on user profiles and personalisation
• CPC Class Codes: G06Q 30/0631 Item recommendations

Abstract

Recommending content items is disclosed. In some embodiments, determining an item to recommend includes receiving an indication that a first item is of interest and selecting a second item to recommend based at least in part on a degree of similarity of the second item to the first item as determined based at least in part on a number of other instances in which both the first item and the second item have been of interest and a first decayed popularity of the first item. In some embodiments, the degree of similarity of the second item to the first item is determined based in addition on a second decayed popularity of the second item.

Claims

1. A method of determining an item to recommend, comprising:

receiving at a processor an indication that a first item is of interest to a user;

determining a second item to recommend to the user based at least in part on a degree of similarity of the second item to the first item; and

providing the second item as a recommendation to the user in the event that the second item is not already associated with the user;

wherein the degree of similarity is determined based at least in part on a similarity score that quantifies the degree of similarity of the second item to the first item based at least in part on a number of other instances in which both the first item and the second item have been of interest, a decayed popularity of the first item, and a decayed popularity of the second item;

wherein when computing a particular instance of the similarity score, for each of the first item and the second item, an instance the item has been of interest to another user is given a value that is decayed over time by a non-zero decay factor whose value is based at least in part on a time at which the instance occurred such that a more recent instance in which the item has been of interest to another user contributes more to the decayed popularity of that item than a less recent instance in which that item has been of interest to another user so that the decayed popularity of the item is biased towards more recent instances of interest in the item by one or more other users.

2. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the non-zero decay factor comprises a multiplier having a value that is less than or equal to one.

3. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the similarity score is determined at least in part by adjusting the number of other instances in which both the first item and the second item have been of interest by a factor determined at least in part on a value of the decayed popularity of the first item relative to a value of the decayed popularity of the second item.

4. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the similarity score is determined at least in part by dividing the number of other instances in which both the first item and the second item have been of interest by the square root of the sum of the squares of the decayed popularity of the first item and the decayed popularity of the second item.

5. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein determining a second item to recommend comprises selecting a pair of items from a set of one or more pairs of items, each of which includes the first item.

6. A method as recited in claim 5, wherein each pair in the set of one or more pairs of items comprises a pair of items that were of interest to at least one user within a sliding window.

7. A method as recited in claim 5, wherein for each pair in the set of one or more pairs a similarity score that quantifies the degree of similarity between the items comprising the pair is determined and a pair of items is selected from the set of one or more pairs of items based at least in part on the respective similarity scores of the one or more pairs.

8. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the second item is one of a plurality of items selected to be recommended.

9. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising adding the second item to a list of items suitable for being recommended to the user.

10. A method as recited in claim 1, further including determining that the second item is already associated with the user and not recommending the second item to the user based at least in part on the determination that the second item is already associated with the user.

11. A method as recited in claim 10, wherein determining that the second item is already associated with the user includes consulting a record of items associated with the user.

12. A method as recited in claim 10, wherein determining that the second item is already associated with the user includes determining whether the second item is associated with a client application associated with the user.

13. A method as recited in claim 10, wherein determining that the second item is already associated with the user includes checking user data stored on a host associated with the user.

14. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising selecting the second item based at least in part on what the user has been indicating an interest in most recently.

15. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising selecting the second item based at least in part on what the user is indicating an interest in at a current moment.

16. A method as recited in claim 1, further comprising selecting the second item based at least in part on what the user has rated highly in the past.

17. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the first item and the second item comprise digital content.

18. A method as recited in claim 1, wherein the non-zero decay factor comprises a multiplier having a value that is not zero.

19. A system for determining an item to recommend, comprising:

a processor configured to;

receive an indication that a first item is of interest to a user;

determine a second item to recommend to the user based at least in part on a degree of similarity of the second item to the first item; and

provide the second item as a recommendation to the user in the event that the second item is not already associated with the user;

wherein the degree of similarity is determined based at least in part on a similarity score that quantifies the degree of similarity of the second item to the first item based at least in part on a number of other instances in which both the first item and the second item have been of interest, a decayed popularity of the first item, and a decayed popularity of the second item;

wherein when computing a particular instance of the similarity score, for each of the first item and the second item, an instance the item has been of interest to another user is given a value that is decayed over time by a non-zero decay factor whose value is based at least in part on a time at which the instance occurred such that a more recent instance in which the item has been of interest to another user contributes more to the decayed popularity of that item than a less recent instance in which that item has been of interest to another user so that the decayed popularity of the item is biased towards more recent instances of interest in the item by one or more other users; and

a memory coupled to the processor and configured to provide instructions to the processor.

20. A system as recited in claim 19, wherein the similarity score is determined at least in part by dividing the number of other instances in which both the first item and the second item have been of interest by the square root of the sum of the squares of the decayed popularity of the first item and the decayed popularity of the second item.

21. A system as recited in claim 19, wherein the non-zero decay factor comprises a multiplier having a value that is not zero.

22. A computer program product for determining an item to recommend, the computer program product being embodied in a non-transitory computer readable storage medium and comprising computer instructions for:

receiving an indication that a first item is of interest to a user;

determining a second item to recommend to the user based at least in part on a degree of similarity of the second item to the first item; and

providing the second item as a recommendation to the user in the event that the second item is not already associated with the user;

wherein the degree of similarity is determined based at least in part on a similarity score that quantifies the degree of similarity of the second item to the first item based at least in part on a number of other instances in which both the first item and the second item have been of interest, a decayed popularity of the first item, and a decayed popularity of the second item;

wherein when computing a particular instance of the similarity score, for each of the first item and the second item, an instance the item has been of interest to another user is given a value that is decayed over time by a non-zero decay factor whose value is based at least in part on a time at which the instance occurred such that a more recent instance in which the item has been of interest to another user contributes more to the decayed popularity of that item than a less recent instance in which that item has been of interest to another user so that the decayed popularity of the item is biased towards more recent instances of interest in the item by one or more other users.

23. A computer program product as recited in claim 22, wherein the similarity score is determined at least in part by dividing the number of other instances in which both the first item and the second item have been of interest by the square root of the sum of the squares of the decayed popularity of the first item and the decayed popularity of the second item.

24. A computer program product as recited in claim 22, wherein the non-zero decay factor comprises a multiplier having a value that is not zero.