Hydrogel compositions demonstrating phase separation on contact with aqueous media

• US 9,089,481 B2
• Filed: 09/06/2013
• Issued: 07/28/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 05/01/2001
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: AV Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences,, Corium LLC
• Original Assignee: A. V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences,, Corium International, Inc.
• Inventors: Singh, Parminder, Cleary, Gary W., Mudumba, Sri, Feldstein, Mikhail M., Bairamov, Danir R.
• Primary Examiner(s): Maewall, Shingdha
• Application Number:
  US14/020,751
• Publication Number:
  US 20140044650A1
• Time in Patent Office: 690 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 19/063 Medicament applicators for teeth or gums, e.g. treatment with fluorides
• CPC Class Codes: A61C 19/066 Bleaching devices; Whitening agent applicators for teeth, e.g. trays or strips
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/262 Transparent; Translucent
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/54 Polymers characterized by specific structures/properties
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/5422 nonionic
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 2800/5424 anionic
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 6/30 Compositions for temporarily or permanently fixing teeth or palates, e.g. primers for dental adhesives
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 6/69 Medicaments
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/042 Gels
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/22 Peroxides; Oxygen; Ozone
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/731 Cellulose; Quaternized cellulose derivatives
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/8152 Homopolymers or copolymers of esters, e.g. (meth)acrylic acid esters; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/817 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions or derivatives of such polymers, e.g. vinylimidazol, vinylcaprolactame, allylamines (Polyquaternium 6)
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/8176 Homopolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones. Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 8/86 Polyethers
• CPC Class Codes: A61L 15/60 Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
• CPC Class Codes: A61Q 11/00 Preparations for care of the teeth, of the oral cavity or of dentures; Dentifrices, e.g. toothpastes; Mouth rinses
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 1/12 Cellulose acetate
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 1/14 Mixed esters, e.g. cellulose acetate-butyrate
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 1/28 Alkyl ethers
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 1/286 : substituted with acid radicals, e.g. carboxymethyl cellulose [CMC] C08L1/282 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 23/16 : Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 23/20 : having four to nine carbon atoms
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 29/04 : Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 29/10 : Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated ethers C08L35/08 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 33/08 : Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 33/10 : Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 33/12 : Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 33/26 : Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 39/06 : Homopolymers or copolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 53/00 : Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 55/04 : Polyadducts obtained by the diene synthesis
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 7/00 : Compositions of natural rubber
• CPC Class Codes: C08L 83/04 : Polysiloxanes

Abstract

A composition is provided, wherein the composition comprises a water-swellable, water-insoluble polymer or a water-soluble polymer, a blend of a hydrophilic polymer and a complementary oligomer capable of hydrogen bonding to the hydrophilic polymer. The composition also includes a second water-swellable, water-insoluble polymer that provides for a phase separating film forming composition. Active ingredients, such as a whitening agent, may be included. The composition finds utility as an oral dressing, for example, a tooth whitening composition that is applied to the teeth in need of whitening, and removed when the degree of whitening has been achieved. In certain embodiments, the composition is translucent. Methods for preparing and using the compositions are also disclosed.

Claims

1. A phase separating, film-forming composition comprising:

a water-swellable acrylate-based polymer, said polymer being insoluble in water at a pH less than about 5.5;

a blend of a poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer and a complementary oligomer capable of hydrogen bonding to the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer;

a water-swellable cellulose ester polymer, that is insoluble in water at all pH values; and

an optional active agent,

wherein upon exposure to an aqueous environment at a pH of from about 6-8, the composition undergoes a phase separation wherein the water-swellable cellulose ester polymer forms a film over the remainder of the composition comprising the water-swellable acrylate-based polymer or, the blend of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer and complementary oligomer and optional active agent; and

wherein the weight ratio of the acrylate-based polymer to the cellulose ester polymer is within a range of about 1.5;

1 to 2;

1.

2. The composition of claim 1, wherein the water-swellable acrylate-based polymer is an acrylate-based polymer or copolymer.

3. The composition of claim 2, wherein the acrylate-based polymer or copolymer is selected from polymers and copolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, or ethyl methacrylate.

4. The composition of claim 3, wherein the acrylate-based copolymer is a copolymer of methacrylic acid and ethyl acrylate.

5. The composition of claim 1, wherein the cellulose ester comprises monomer subunits selected from unesterified cellulose monomer units, cellulose acetate monomer units, and either cellulose butyrate monomer units or cellulose propionate monomer units.

6. The composition of claim 1, wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer is selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl caprolactam, and blends thereof.

7. The composition of claim 6, wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) is polyvinyl pyrrolidone.

8. The composition of claim 1, wherein the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer has a number average molecular weight in a range of approximately 10,000 to 2,000,000.

9. The composition of claim 1, wherein the complementary oligomer has a molecular weight in a range of about 45 to 800.

10. The composition of claim 9, wherein the complementary oligomer has a molecular weight in a range of about 45 to 600.

11. The composition of claim 9, wherein the complementary oligomer is selected from the group consisting of polyalcohols, monomeric and oligomeric alkylene glycols, polyalkylene glycols, carboxyl-terminated polyalkylene glycols, amino-terminated polyalkylene glycols, ether alcohols, alkane diols and carbonic diacids.

12. The composition of claim 11, wherein the complementary oligomer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol and carboxyl-terminated polyethylene glycol.

13. The composition of claim 11, wherein the complementary oligomer is polyethylene glycol.

14. The composition of claim 1, wherein the active agent is present and is a whitening agent selected from the group consisting of peroxides, metal chlorites, perborates, percarbonates, peresters, peroxyacids, and combinations thereof.

15. The composition of claim 14, wherein the peroxide is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, calcium peroxide, carbamide peroxide, dialkyl peroxides, diacyl peroxides, ketone peroxides, hydroperoxides, and mixtures thereof.

16. The composition of claim 14, wherein the metal chlorite is selected from the group consisting of calcium chlorite, barium chlorite, magnesium chlorite, lithium chlorite, sodium chlorite, and potassium chlorite.

17. The composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of flavorants, sweeteners, fillers, preservatives, pH regulators, softeners, thickeners, colorants, pigments, dyes, refractive particles, flavorants, sweeteners, stabilizers, toughening agents, detackifiers, and permeation enhancers.

18. The composition of claim 1, wherein the composition is translucent.

19. The composition of claim 1, comprising about 0.1-60 wt % of an active agent.

20. The composition of claim 1, comprising about 0.1-20 wt % of the water-swellable acrylate-based polymer, and the water-swellable water-insoluble cellulose ester polymer;

and about 1-30 wt % of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer.

21. The composition of claim 20, wherein the complementary oligomer comprises about 1-85 wt % of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer/complementary oligomer blend.

22. The composition of claim 1, comprising about 1-30 wt % of the water-swellable acrylate-based polymer and the water-swellable water-insoluble cellulose ester polymer;

and about 0.1-20 wt % of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer.

23. The composition of claim 22, wherein the complementary oligomer comprises about 1-85 wt % of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer/complementary oligomer blend.

24. The composition of claim 1, comprising about 1-20 wt % of the water-swellable acrylate-based polymer and the water-swellable water-insoluble cellulose ester polymer;

and about 20-80 wt % of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer.

25. The composition of claim 24, wherein the complementary oligomer comprises about 10-80 wt % of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer/complementary oligomer blend.

26. The composition of claim 1, comprising about 20-80 wt % of the water-swellable acrylate-based polymer, and the water-swellable water-insoluble cellulose ester polymer;

and about 1-20 wt % of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer.

27. The composition of claim 26, wherein the complementary oligomer comprises about 10-80 wt % of the poly(N-vinyl lactam) homopolymer/complementary oligomer blend.

28. The composition of claim 1, comprising a body-surface contacting composition, wherein upon application to a body surface and exposure to an aqueous environment at a pH of from about 6-8, the water-swellable cellulose ester polymer forms a water-permeable film over the remainder of the composition such that over time, dissolution of the underlying layer occurs.

29. A method for whitening teeth comprising:

applying the composition of claim 14 to at least a portion of the surface of one or more teeth; and

removing the composition when a desired degree of whitening has been achieved.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the desired degree of whitening is achieved after a predetermined period of time.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein the predetermined period of time is from about 10 minutes to about 24 hours.

32. The method of claim 31, wherein the predetermined period of time is from about 10 minutes to about 8 hours.

33. The method of claim 32, wherein the predetermined period of time is about 30 minutes to 1 hour.