Natural language access to application programming interfaces

• US 9,092,276 B2
• Filed: 12/30/2014
• Issued: 07/28/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 12/17/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Original Assignee: International Business Machines Corporation
• Inventors: Allen, Corville O., Rodriguez, Adrian X., Salmon, Richard A., Woods, Eric
• Primary Examiner(s): DORAIS, CRAIG C
• Application Number:
  US14/585,649
• Publication Number:
  US 20150169385A1
• Time in Patent Office: 210 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/466 Transaction processing
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/54 Interprogram communication
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/541 via adapters, e.g. between incompatible applications

Abstract

Users of online services may avoid having to gain knowledge of the intricacies of specific Application Programming Interface (API) syntaxes and elements by using natural language requests which are processed to extract components of the request. The components are then used to find one or more matches of known APIs, and then at least one structured API call is constructed by mapping the request'"'"'s components to the structured API call'"'"'s elements. The system can then invoke the online service on behalf of the client, and return the results to the client, or it can return the constructed structured API call to the client. The known API details can be initialized and updated by ingesting the description documents for the structured APIs, and then using natural language processing to extract components from the descriptions, which can then be utilized in the matching process to further enhance the results of the tool.

Claims

1. A method for handling a user request for invoking a computer service through an Application Programming Interface, comprising:

performing a first natural language (NL) analysis by a computer on one or more computer service user programming documents, wherein API user documents describe in structured natural language one or more structured Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) with one or more API elements, and wherein each API element corresponds to a parameter or argument to use or invoke the computer service;

extracting by a computer the one or more API elements from a user programming document according to the first NL analysis;

performing a second NL analysis by the computer on an unstructured request from a client to use or invoke the computer service, the unstructured request comprising natural language containing one or more request components;

matching by the computer the one or more request components to the one or more API elements;

constructing by the computer a structured API call using the matching request components for API elements; and

performing by the computer one or more operations selected from the group consisting of submitting the constructed structured API call to the computer service on behalf of the client, returning the constructed structured API call to the requesting client, and returning a result from an invoked corresponding computer service to the requesting client.

2. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the constructing of a structured API call further comprises constructing a Hyper Text Transfer Protocol signature.

3. The method as set forth in claim 1 further comprising, responsive to detecting by the computer that a plurality of APIs match the request components, providing by the computer an interrogatory with the requesting client to obtain further information regarding the unstructured request, and repeating the steps of performing natural language analysis on the unstructured request, extracting request components, mapping request components to API elements, constructing the structured API call, and performing one or more operations.

4. The method as set forth in claim 1 further comprising, responsive to detecting by the computer that a plurality of APIs match the request components, brokering for a structured API by the computer by eliminating one or more matching structured APIs to disqualify one or more APIs according to one or more additional criteria selected from the group consisting of a user profile, a user history of operations, and a context associated with the unstructured request.

5. The method as set forth in claim 1 wherein the requesting client comprises a user interface to a user of a client device.

6. A computer program product for handling a user request for invoking a computer service comprising:

a computer-readable, memory storage device; and

one or more computer program instructions embodied by the computer-readable, memory storage device, for causing a computer processor upon execution to perform operations comprising;

performing a first natural language (NL) analysis on one or more computer service user programming documents, wherein API user documents describe in structured natural language one or more structured Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) with one or

more API elements, and wherein each API element corresponds to a parameter or argument to use or invoke the computer service;

extracting the one or more API elements from a user programming document according to the first NL analysis;

performing a second NL analysis on an unstructured request from a client to use or invoke the computer service, the unstructured request comprising natural language containing one or more request components;

matching the one or more request components to the one or more API elements;

constructing a structured API call using the matching request components for API elements; and

performing one or more operations selected from the group consisting of submitting the constructed structured API call to the computer service on behalf of the client, returning the constructed structured API call to the requesting client, and returning a result from an invoked corresponding computer service to the requesting client.

7. The computer program product as set forth in claim 6 wherein the constructing of a structured API call further comprises constructing a Hyper Text Transfer Protocol signature.

8. The computer program product as set forth in claim 6 wherein the computer program instructions further comprise computer program instruction for, responsive to detecting by a computer that a plurality of APIs match the request components, providing an interrogatory with the client to obtain further information regarding the unstructured request, and for repeating the steps of performing the second natural language analysis on the unstructured request, extracting request components, matching request components to API elements, constructing the structured API call, and performing the one or more operations.

9. The computer program product as set forth in claim 6 wherein the computer program instructions further comprise computer program instruction for, responsive to detecting by a computer that a plurality of APIs match the request components, brokering for a structured API by a computer by eliminating one or more matching structured APIs to disqualify one or more APIs according to one or more additional criteria selected from the group consisting of a user profile, a user history of operations, and a context associated with the unstructured request.

10. The computer program product as set forth in claim 6 wherein the requesting client comprises a user interface to a user of a client device.

11. A system for handling a user request for invoking a computer service comprising:

a computer processor;

a computer-readable, memory storage device; and

one or more computer program instructions embodied by the computer-readable, memory storage device, for causing the computer processor upon execution to perform operations comprising;

performing a first natural language (NL) analysis on one or more computer service user programming documents, wherein API user documents describe in structured natural language one or more structured Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) with one or more API elements, and wherein each API element corresponds to a parameter or argument to use or invoke the computer service;

extracting the one or more API elements from a user programming document according to the first NL analysis;

performing a second NL analysis on an unstructured request from a client to use or invoke the computer service, the unstructured request comprising natural language containing one or more request components;

matching the one or more request components to the one or more API elements;

constructing a structured API call using the matching request components for API elements; and

performing one or more operations selected from the group consisting of submitting the constructed structured API call to the computer service on behalf of the client, returning the constructed structured API call to the requesting client, and returning a result from an invoked corresponding computer service to the requesting client.

12. The system as set forth in claim 11 wherein the constructing of a structured API call further comprises constructing a Hyper Text Transfer Protocol signature.

13. The system as set forth in claim 11 wherein the computer program instructions further comprise computer program instruction for, responsive to detecting by a computer that a plurality of APIs match the request components, providing an interrogatory with the client to obtain further information regarding the unstructured request, and for repeating the steps of performing the second natural language analysis on the unstructured request, extracting request components, matching request components to API elements, constructing the structured API call, and performing the one or more operations.

14. The system as set forth in claim 11 wherein the computer program instructions further comprise computer program instruction for, responsive to detecting by a computer that a plurality of APIs match the request components, brokering for a structured API by a computer by eliminating one or more matching structured APIs to disqualify one or more APIs according to one or more additional criteria selected from the group consisting of a user profile, a user history of operations, and a context associated with the unstructured request.

15. The system as set forth in claim 11 wherein the requesting client comprises a user interface to a user of a client device.