Active thermal runaway mitigation system for use within a battery pack
First Claim
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1. A thermal runaway mitigation system, comprising:
- a battery pack enclosure;
a plurality of cells contained within said battery pack enclosure;
at least one conduit in proximity to at least a subset of said plurality of cells, wherein said at least one conduit is comprised of a material with a first melting temperature;
a fluid contained within said at least one conduit;
a plurality of breach points within said at least one conduit, wherein said plurality of breach points are in proximity to said subset of said plurality of cells, and wherein each of said plurality of breach points is configured to form a breach at a preset temperature, wherein said preset temperature is lower than said first melting temperature, and wherein a portion of said fluid is discharged through said breach when said breach is formed at said preset temperature;
a fluid reservoir coupled to said at least one conduit;
a fluid pump coupled to said at least one conduit, wherein said fluid pump pumps said fluid from said fluid reservoir through said conduit;
a fluid pump activation subsystem comprising at least one pressure sensor, wherein said at least one pressure sensor monitors a fluid pressure within said at least one conduit and outputs a pump activation signal when said fluid pressure falls below a preset pressure, wherein said fluid pressure falling below said preset pressure is indicative of said breach forming within said at least one conduit; and
a system controller coupled to said fluid pump and to said at least one pressure sensor, wherein said system controller is programmed to activate said fluid pump in response to said system controller receiving said pump activation signal from said at least one pressure sensor when said fluid pressure falls below said preset pressure.
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Abstract
An active thermal runaway mitigation system is provided that mitigates the effects of a single cell undergoing thermal runaway, thereby preventing the propagation of the thermal runaway event to neighboring cells within the battery pack. The provided system includes at least one, fluid-containing conduit in proximity to the cells within the battery pack. The conduit includes a plurality of breach points in proximity to the subset of cells, where each breach point is configured to form a breach at a preset temperature that is lower than the melting temperature of the conduit. Once a breach is formed, the fluid contained within the conduit is discharged through the breach.
28 Citations
28 Claims
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1. A thermal runaway mitigation system, comprising:
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a battery pack enclosure; a plurality of cells contained within said battery pack enclosure; at least one conduit in proximity to at least a subset of said plurality of cells, wherein said at least one conduit is comprised of a material with a first melting temperature; a fluid contained within said at least one conduit; a plurality of breach points within said at least one conduit, wherein said plurality of breach points are in proximity to said subset of said plurality of cells, and wherein each of said plurality of breach points is configured to form a breach at a preset temperature, wherein said preset temperature is lower than said first melting temperature, and wherein a portion of said fluid is discharged through said breach when said breach is formed at said preset temperature; a fluid reservoir coupled to said at least one conduit; a fluid pump coupled to said at least one conduit, wherein said fluid pump pumps said fluid from said fluid reservoir through said conduit; a fluid pump activation subsystem comprising at least one pressure sensor, wherein said at least one pressure sensor monitors a fluid pressure within said at least one conduit and outputs a pump activation signal when said fluid pressure falls below a preset pressure, wherein said fluid pressure falling below said preset pressure is indicative of said breach forming within said at least one conduit; and a system controller coupled to said fluid pump and to said at least one pressure sensor, wherein said system controller is programmed to activate said fluid pump in response to said system controller receiving said pump activation signal from said at least one pressure sensor when said fluid pressure falls below said preset pressure. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27)
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28. A thermal runaway mitigation system comprising:
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a battery pack enclosure; a plurality of cells contained within said battery pack enclosure; at least one conduit in proximity to at least a subset of said plurality of cells, wherein said at least one conduit is comprised of a material with a first melting temperature; a pressurized source of gas coupled to said at least one conduit; a plurality of breach points within said at least one conduit, wherein said plurality of breach points are in proximity to said subset of said plurality of cells, and wherein each of said plurality of breach points is configured to form a breach at a preset temperature, wherein said preset temperature is lower than said first melting temperature, and wherein a portion of said gas is discharged through said breach when said breach is formed at said preset temperature; an activation subsystem comprising at least one pressure sensor coupled to said conduit, wherein said at least one pressure sensor monitors a gas pressure within said at least one conduit and outputs a valve open signal when said gas pressure falls below a preset pressure; a gas valve coupled to said conduit and interposed between said pressurized source of gas and said at least one conduit; and a system controller coupled to said at least one pressure sensor and to said gas valve, wherein said system controller is programmed to open said gas valve and release gas from said pressurized source of gas into said conduit in response to said system controller receiving said valve open signal from said at least one pressure sensor when said gas pressure falls below said preset pressure.
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Specification