Switching power supply device

• US 9,106,141 B2
• Filed: 07/15/2013
• Issued: 08/11/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 01/26/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Murata Manufacturing Co Limited
• Original Assignee: Murata Manufacturing Co Limited
• Inventors: Hosotani, Tatsuya
• Primary Examiner(s): GBLENDE, JEFFREY A
• Application Number:
  US13/941,753
• Publication Number:
  US 20130301308A1
• Time in Patent Office: 757 Days
• Field of Search: 363 15- 16, 363/21.01, 363/21.02, 363/21.04, 363/21.06, 363/21.12, 363/21.14
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/0058 by employing soft switching techniques, i.e. commutation of transistors when applied voltage is zero or when current flow is zero using an auxiliary actively switched resonant commutation circuit connected to an intermediate DC voltage or between two push-pull branches of an inverter bridge H02M7/4811; in resonant inverters H02M7/4815; in inverters operating from a resonant DC source H02M7/4826
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33507 with automatic control of the output voltage or current, e.g. flyback converters H02M3/33561, H02M3/33569 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/33576 having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/3381 using a single commutation path
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/10 Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

Abstract

In a switching power supply device with reduced size and increased power conversion efficiency, a first resonant circuit including a series resonant inductor and a series resonant capacitor, and a second resonant circuit including a series resonant inductor and a series resonant capacitor, are caused to resonate with each other to cause sympathetic vibration of each resonant circuit, such that transmission is performed by utilizing both magnetic field coupling and electric field coupling between a primary winding and a secondary winding. Operation at a switching frequency higher than a specific resonant frequency of an overall multi-resonant circuit allows a ZVS operation to be performed, enabling a significant reduction in switching loss and high-efficiency operation.

Claims

1. A switching power supply device comprising:

an electromagnetic field coupling circuit including a primary winding and a secondary winding;

a primary-side alternating-current voltage generating circuit including switching circuits connected to the primary winding, each of the switching circuits including a parallel connection circuit which includes a switching element, a diode, and a capacitor, the primary-side alternating-current voltage generating circuit generating an alternating-current voltage from an input direct-current voltage;

a secondary-side rectifier circuit that rectifies the alternating-current voltage into a direct-current voltage;

a first resonant circuit on a primary side, the first resonant circuit including a first series resonant inductor and a first series resonant capacitor;

a second resonant circuit on a secondary side, the second resonant circuit including a second series resonant inductor and a second series resonant capacitor; and

a switching control circuit that alternately turns on and off the switching elements of the primary-side alternating-current voltage generating circuit with a dead time to generate an alternating-current voltage having a substantially square or trapezoidal wave shape;

wherein

the switching control circuit causes the switching elements of the primary-side alternating-current voltage generating circuit to perform a switching operation at a switching frequency higher than a specific resonant frequency at which impedance for a multi-resonant circuit becomes minimum, the multi-resonant circuit being a combination of the first resonant circuit and the second resonant circuit which includes the electromagnetic field coupling circuit, so that a current flowing into the multi-resonant circuit has a sinusoidal resonant current waveform that is delayed from the alternating-current voltage generated from the primary-side alternating-current voltage generating circuit and power is transmitted from the primary side to the secondary side through the electromagnetic field coupling circuit in both on periods and off periods of the switching elements;

the electromagnetic field coupling circuit defines an electromagnetic field resonant circuit in which magnetic field coupling through mutual inductance and electric field coupling through mutual capacitance are mixed between the primary winding and the secondary winding; and

the first resonant circuit and the second resonant circuit resonate with each other to allow power to be transmitted from the primary side to the secondary side of the electromagnetic field coupling circuit.

2. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the switching control circuit makes the switching frequency of the primary-side alternating-current voltage generating circuit constant, and controls an on-period proportion of the switching circuits to adjust an output power to be obtained from the secondary-side rectifier circuit, where a period during which current is conducted through each of the switching circuits is represented by an on period and a remaining period is represented by an off period.

3. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the switching control circuit changes the switching frequency of the primary-side alternating-current voltage generating circuit to control an on-period proportion of the switching elements to adjust an output power to be obtained from the secondary-side rectifier circuit.

4. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the secondary-side rectifier circuit stores voltages generated in the secondary winding in the second series resonant capacitor as electrostatic energy during the on periods or the off periods or during both of the on periods and the off periods, adds voltages generated in the secondary winding during the respective on periods and off periods, and outputs a sum of the voltages as a direct-current voltage.

5. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein one or both of the first series resonant capacitor and the second series resonant capacitor is arranged to hold a direct-current voltage.

6. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein a parallel resonant capacitor is provided in parallel to the primary winding or the secondary winding.

7. The switching power supply device according to claim 6, wherein the parallel resonant capacitor is defined by a stray capacitance of the primary winding or the secondary winding.

8. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the mutual capacitance is defined by stray capacitance generated between the primary winding and the secondary winding.

9. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the first series resonant inductor or the second series resonant inductor is defined by a leakage inductance of the electromagnetic field coupling circuit.

10. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the mutual inductance is defined by magnetizing inductance equivalently generated between the primary winding and the secondary winding.

11. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the switching circuits are MOSFETs.

12. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein a rectifying element that is included in the secondary-side rectifier circuit and that rectifies the alternating-current voltage into a direct-current voltage is a MOSFET.

13. The switching power supply device according to claim 12, wherein when power is transmitted from an output unit of the secondary-side rectifier circuit, the secondary-side rectifier circuit operates as the primary-side alternating-current voltage generating circuit and the primary-side alternating-current voltage generating circuit operates as the secondary-side rectifier circuit such that two-way power transmission occurs.

14. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the primary winding is a winding disposed on a primary side of a transformer including a magnetic core, and the secondary winding is a winding disposed on a secondary side of the transformer.

15. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the primary winding is a power transmission coil disposed in a power transmission device, and the secondary winding is a power reception coil disposed in a power reception device arranged to face the power transmission device.

16. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the diode of the parallel connection circuit is a rectifier diode and the capacitor of the parallel connection circuit is a smoothing capacitor.

17. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising an insulation circuit arranged to feed back a detection signal of an output voltage to be output from the switching power supply device to the switching control circuit.

18. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the secondary side rectifier circuit includes rectifier diodes.

19. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the secondary side rectifier circuit includes FET switching elements.

20. The switching power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising capacitors arranged to divide the input direct-current voltage, and capacitors arranged to divide an output voltage.