Method and apparatus for determining whether a channel is busy

• US 9,106,323 B1
• Filed: 10/22/2013
• Issued: 08/11/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 10/09/2002
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: NXP USA, Inc. (NXP Semiconductors NV)
• Original Assignee: Marvell International Limited (Marvell Technology Group Limited)
• Inventors: Tang, Hsiao-Cheng, Hsu, Yungping, Hu, Guorong, Feng, Weishi
• Primary Examiner(s): Phillips, Hassan
• Assistant Examiner(s): Sharma, Gautam
• Application Number:
  US14/060,008
• Time in Patent Office: 658 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/707 using direct sequence modulation
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 17/00 Monitoring; Testing of line transmission systems H04B3/46; arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio waves H04B10/07
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 24/00 Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 74/08 Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA hybrid access H04W74/02

Abstract

A network device includes a receiver that receives a first signal on a channel. A demodulator outputs demodulated data based on the first signal. A gain device, based on a change in a gain of the first signal, generates a second signal. A validating device determines whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal and based on whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal, generates a third signal. An assessment device: determines whether the demodulated data includes a predetermined header, where the predetermined header includes a predetermined sequence; determines whether the channel is busy based on the second signal, the third signal, and whether the demodulated data includes the predetermined header with the predetermined sequence; and generates a channel signal indicating whether the channel is busy. A transmitter, based on the channel signal, transmits a fourth signal on the channel.

Claims

1. A network device comprising:

a receiver configured to receive a first signal on a channel;

a demodulator configured to output demodulated data based on the first signal;

a correlator configured to, based on the first signal, perform a correlation to generate correlated data;

a first gain device configured to (i) monitor a change in gain of the first signal, and (ii) based on the change in the gain of the first signal, generate a second signal;

a validating device configured to (i) determine whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal, and (ii) based on whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal, generate a third signal, wherein the validating device is configured to, in determining whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal, determine whether the correlated data includes valid information by determining a distance between consecutive peaks of the correlated data;

an assessment device configured to

determine whether the demodulated data includes a predetermined header, wherein the predetermined header includes a predetermined sequence,

determine whether the channel is busy based on (i) the second signal, (ii) the third signal, and (iii) whether the demodulated data includes the predetermined header with the predetermined sequence, and

generate a channel signal indicating whether the channel is busy; and

a transmitter configured to, based on the channel signal, transmit a fourth signal on the channel.

2. The network device of claim 1, wherein:

the first gain device is configured to generate the second signal to indicate the change in the gain of the first signal has exceeded a first threshold; and

the assessment device is configured to, based on the second signal, generate the channel signal to indicate the channel is busy.

3. The network device of claim 1, further comprising a second gain device configured to generate a gain signal based on the first signal,

wherein the first gain device is configured to (i) receive the gain signal and a filtered version of the gain signal, and (ii) based on the gain signal and the filtered version of the gain signal, determine the change in the gain of the first signal.

4. The network device of claim 1, wherein the validating device is configured to, in determining whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal, determine whether the correlated data includes valid information by evaluating a real component and a complex component of the correlated data.

5. The network device of claim 4, wherein:

the validating device is configured to (i) determine a peak-to-sidelobe ratio for the correlated data, and (ii) based on the peak-to-sidelobe ratio, generate the third signal to indicate the peak-to-sidelobe ratio has exceeded a threshold; and

the assessment device is configured to, based on the third signal, generate the channel signal to indicate the channel is busy.

6. The network device of claim 4, wherein:

the validating device is configured to, based on the distance between the consecutive peaks of the correlated data, generate the third signal to indicate the distance is less than a threshold; and

the assessment device is configured to, based on the third signal, generate the channel signal to indicate the channel is busy.

7. The network device of claim 4, wherein the validating device is configured to:

determine a plurality of peak-to-sidelobe ratios for the correlated data;

determine a plurality of distances between consecutive peaks of the correlated data; and

if each of the plurality peak-to-sidelobe ratios exceeds a first threshold and if each of the plurality of distances between the consecutive peaks of the correlated data does not exceed a second threshold, generate the third signal to indicate the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal.

8. The network device of claim 1, wherein the predetermined header is a physical layer convergence procedure frame having the predetermined sequence.

9. The network device of claim 1, wherein the assessment device is configured to generate the channel signal to indicate the channel is busy if the demodulated data includes the predetermined header.

10. The network device of claim 1, further comprising a timer configured to generate a timeout signal subsequent to a predetermined period of time, wherein:

the assessment device is configured to (i) detect a frame of the demodulated data, and (ii) based on the timeout signal, generate the channel signal; and

the predetermined period of time begins when the frame of the demodulated data is detected.

11. A method comprising:

receiving a first signal on a channel;

generating demodulated data based on the first signal;

based on the first signal, performing a correlation to generate correlated data;

monitoring a change in gain of the first signal;

based on the change in the gain of the first signal, generating a second signal;

determining whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal including determining whether the correlated data includes valid information by determining a distance between consecutive peaks of the correlated data;

based on whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal, generating a third signal;

determining whether the demodulated data includes a predetermined header, wherein the predetermined header includes a predetermined sequence;

determining whether the channel is busy based on (i) the second signal, (ii) the third signal, and (iii) whether the demodulated data includes the predetermined header with the predetermined sequence;

generating a channel signal indicating whether the channel is busy; and

based on the channel signal, transmitting a fourth signal on the channel.

12. The method of claim 11, comprising:

generating the second signal to indicate the change in the gain of the first signal has exceeded a first threshold; and

based on the second signal, generating the channel signal to indicate the channel is busy.

13. The method of claim 11, further comprising based on the first signal, (i) generating a gain signal, and (ii) a filtered version of the gain signal,

wherein the determining of the change in the gain of the first signal is based on (i) the gain signal, and (ii) the filtered version of the gain signal.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the determining of whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal includes determining whether the correlated data includes valid information by evaluating a real component and a complex component of the correlated data.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:

determining a peak-to-sidelobe ratio for the correlated data; and

based on the peak-to-sidelobe ratio, generating the third signal to indicate the peak-to-sidelobe ratio has exceeded a threshold,

wherein, based on the third signal, the channel signal is generated to indicate the channel is busy.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein:

based on the distance between the consecutive peaks of the correlated data, the third signal is generated to indicate the distance is less than a threshold; and

based on the third signal, the channel signal is generated to indicate the channel is busy.

17. The method of claim 14, further comprising:

determining a plurality of peak-to-sidelobe ratios for the correlated data; and

determining a plurality of distances between consecutive peaks of the correlated data,

wherein, if each of the plurality peak-to-sidelobe ratios exceeds a first threshold and if each of the plurality of distances between the consecutive peaks of the correlated data does not exceed a second threshold, the third signal is generated to indicate the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal.

18. The method of claim 11, wherein the predetermined header is a physical layer convergence procedure frame having the predetermined sequence.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein the channel signal is generated to indicate the channel is busy if the demodulated data includes the predetermined header.

20. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

detecting a frame of the demodulated data; and

generating a timeout signal subsequent to a predetermined period of time,

wherein

the predetermined period of time begins when the frame is detected, and

the channel signal is generated based on the timeout signal.

21. A network device comprising:

a receiver configured to receive a first signal on a channel;

a demodulator configured to output demodulated data based on the first signal;

a correlator configured to, based on the first signal, perform a correlation to generate correlated data;

a first gain device configured to (i) monitor a change in gain of the first signal, and (ii) based on the change in the gain of the first signal, generate a second signal;

a validating device configured to (i) determine whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal, and (ii) based on whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal, generate a third signal, wherein the validating device is configured to, in determining whether the first signal is a valid direct sequence spread spectrum signal, determine whether the correlated data includes valid information by evaluating a real component and a complex component of the correlated data;

an assessment device configured to

determine whether the demodulated data includes a predetermined header, wherein the predetermined header includes a predetermined sequence,

determine whether the channel is busy based on (i) the second signal, (ii) the third signal, and (iii) whether the demodulated data includes the predetermined header with the predetermined sequence, and

generate a channel signal indicating whether the channel is busy; and

a transmitter configured to, based on the channel signal, transmit a fourth signal on the channel.