Ablation device and method for electroporating tissue cells

• US 9,113,911 B2
• Filed: 09/06/2012
• Issued: 08/25/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 09/06/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Medtronic Ablation Frontiers LLC (Medtronic Plc)
• Original Assignee: Medtronic Ablation Frontiers LLC (Medtronic Plc)
• Inventors: Sherman, Marshall L.
• Primary Examiner(s): Flory, Christopher A
• Application Number:
  US13/604,700
• Publication Number:
  US 20140066913A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,083 Days
• Field of Search: 128/898, 606/41, 606/48, 606/50, 606 10- 15, 606/21, 606/27, 606 32- 34, 607/99
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 18/1492 having a flexible, catheter-like structure, e.g. for heart ablation A61B18/1477 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00214 Expandable means emitting energy, e.g. by elements carried thereon
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00577 Ablation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00613 Irreversible electroporation reversible electroporation A61N1/327
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/0075 Phase
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/00994 combining two or more different kinds of non-mechanical energy or combining one or more non-mechanical energies with ultrasound
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/0212 using an instrument inserted into a body lumen, e.g. catheter
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2018/1467 using more than two electrodes on a single probe

Abstract

A method and system for producing deep lesions without the production of high heat. The method generally includes ablating target tissue cells with a device in communication with an energy generator programmable to ablate tissue using heat energy, electroporation, or a combination thereof. The system generally includes a medical device having a plurality of electrodes at a distal end, and an energy generator in communication with the plurality of electrodes, the generator programmable to deliver alternating current energy between approximately 100 volts RMS and approximately 2000 volts RMS or greater. The generator is further programmable to deliver energy in unipolar mode, bipolar mode, and a combination thereof.

Claims

1. A method for ablating tissue, comprising:

thermally treating the tissue by transmitting sub-lethal thermal energy using a medical device to stun the tissue, the medical device being in electrical communication with a radiofrequency energy source that provides the sub-lethal thermal energy;

determining whether stunning the tissue with the thermal treatment affected a perpetuation of an aberrant electrical signal within the tissue; and

when it is determined that stunning the tissue with the thermal treatment affects the perpetuation of the aberrant electrical signal within the tissue, non-thermally electroporating the tissue by transmitting high-frequency alternating current radiofrequency energy to the tissue using the medical device, the radio frequency energy source providing the high-frequency alternating current radio frequency energy.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the high-frequency alternating current radiofrequency energy is delivered at between approximately 500 volts RMS and approximately 3000 volts RMS.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the medical device includes a plurality of electrodes in electrical communication with the radiofrequency energy source, the radiofrequency energy delivered to each of the plurality of electrodes being either at in-phase angle or out-of-phase angle relative to the energy delivered to adjacent electrodes.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the radiofrequency energy delivered to each of the plurality of electrodes is at an out-of-phase angle between adjacent electrodes, the phase angle being determined at least in part by the desired voltage to be applied to the target tissue.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein a surface temperature of the target tissue remains below a threshold temperature at which unintended tissue damage occurs during the thermal treatment of the tissue.

6. A method of ablating tissue, comprising:

positioning a medical device in contact with an area of target tissue, the medical device including a plurality of electrodes in communication with a radiofrequency generator, the generator programmable to deliver energy in at least one of bipolar mode and combination of unipolar mode and bipolar mode;

delivering a sub-lethal amount of alternating current radiofrequency energy from the medical device at between approximately 100 volts RMS to approximately 150 volts RMS to an area of target tissue to stun the target tissue;

determining whether stunning the target tissue affects the perpetuation of an aberrant signal within the tissue; and

when it is determined that stunning the target tissue affects the perpetuation of an aberrant signal within the tissue, at least one of;

delivering alternating current radiofrequency energy from the medical device at between approximately 500 volts RMS to approximately 3000 volts RMS to an area of target tissue to ablate the target tissue with heat energy; and

delivering alternating current radiofrequency energy from the medical device at between approximately 100 volts RMS to approximately 150 volts RMS to the area of target tissue to ablate the target tissue with non-thermal electroporation energy.

7. The method of claim 6, further comprising delivering alternating current radiofrequency energy at a voltage between approximately 150 volts RMS and approximately 500 volts RMS.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the energy delivered to each of the plurality of electrodes is delivered at either an in-phase angle or out-of-phase angle relative to the energy delivered to adjacent electrodes.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein energy delivered to each of the plurality of electrodes is at an out-of-phase angle between adjacent electrodes, the phase angle being determined at least in part by the desired voltage to be applied to the target tissue.