Carbon dioxide composite getter

• US 9,114,382 B2
• Filed: 07/02/2013
• Issued: 08/25/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 07/11/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: SAES Getters SpA (SAES Getters S)
• Original Assignee: SAES Getters SpA (SAES Getters S)
• Inventors: Visconti, Marco, Giannantonio, Roberto, Toia, Luca, Fernicola, Alessandra
• Primary Examiner(s): FRASER, STEWART A
• Application Number:
  US14/375,607
• Publication Number:
  US 20150017489A1
• Time in Patent Office: 784 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/302 of lithium
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/402 of magnesium
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/404 of calcium
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/602 Oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/604 Hydroxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/108 Zeolites
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/112 Metals or metal compounds not provided for in B01D2253/104 or B01D2253/106
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/1124 Metal oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/304 Linear dimensions, e.g. particle shape, diameter
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/504 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/80 Water
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2259/4143 arranged as a mixture
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/02 by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/0407 Constructional details of adsorbing systems
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/229 Integrated processes (Diffusion and at least one other process, e.g. adsorption, absorption)
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/261 by adsorption
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/28 Selection of materials for use as drying agents
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/62 Carbon oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/041 Oxides or hydroxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/2805 Sorbents inside a permeable or porous casing, e.g. inside a container, bag or membrane
• CPC Class Codes: H01G 11/06 : with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 : Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/52 : Removing gases inside the secondary cell, e.g. by absorption vent plugs or other mechanical arrangements for facilitating escape of gases H01M50/30
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 : of CO2
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

An improved carbon dioxide composite getter having a CO₂-permeable envelope containing powders of two active materials (11, 11′, 11″, 12, 12′, 12″) and sealed systems employing such improved carbon dioxide composite getter are described.

Claims

1. Carbon dioxide composite getter comprising a CO₂-permeable envelope, defining an internal volume V, that contains powders of a first and a second active materials whose cumulative volume is Vm, characterized in that said first active material is lithium hydroxide and said second active material is lithium oxide, and the LiOH/Li₂O molar ratio is comprised between 0.05 and 1.5.

2. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein the active materials are in the form of free powders and the ratio between Vm and V is comprised between 0.15 and 0.9.

3. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein said powders minimal size is higher than 1 μ

m.

4. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein the CO₂-permeable envelope has a CO₂ permeation coefficient of at least 50 cm³*mm/(m²*day*atm).

5. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 4, wherein the CO₂-permeable envelope has a CO₂ permeation coefficient of higher than 100 cm³*mm/(m²*day*atm).

6. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein the CO₂-permeable envelope exhibits a moisture vapor transmission rate not higher than 0.6 g*mm/(m²*day).

7. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein said CO₂-permeable envelope is made with a material selected among High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Polypropylene (PP), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), copolymer ethylene-octene, polyolefin modified with maleic anhydride, Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA), Styrene-Ethylene-Butadiene-Styrene (SEBS), Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) and combinations thereof.

8. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein said CO₂-permeable envelope has a thickness comprised between 5 and 500 μ

m.

9. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, further comprising a moisture sorber arranged outside said CO₂-permeable envelope.

10. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 9, wherein said moisture sorber comprises a dispersion in a polymeric matrix of a moisture-removing material.

11. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 10, wherein the polymeric matrix of a moisture-removing material comprises one or more of alkaline-earth metal oxides and aluminosilicates.

12. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein said powders of active materials are dispersed in a polymeric binder.

13. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 12, wherein said polymeric binder is selected among High Density Polyethylene (HDPE), Polypropylene (PP), Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE), copolymer ethylene-octene, polyolefin modified with maleic anhydride, Ethylene Vinyl (EVA), Styrene-Ethylene-Butadiene-Styrene (SEBS), Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM), Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) and combinations thereof.

14. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 12, wherein the content of said active materials powders in said polymeric binder is comprised between 20 and 60 wt %.

15. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 14, wherein the content of said active materials powders in said polymeric binder is comprised between between 40 and 50 wt %.

16. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 12, wherein the thickness of the binder containing the powders is comprised between 50 and 400 μ

m.

17. Carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein the amount of active material powders is comprised between 5 and 500 milligrams.

18. A sealed system comprising the carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1.

19. The sealed system according to claim 18, wherein said system is an energy storage device.

20. The sealed system according to claim 19, wherein the energy storage device is a rechargeable Li-Ion battery or a supercapacitor.

21. The carbon dioxide composite getter according to claim 1, wherein the LiOH/Li₂O molar ratio is selected from sub-ranges of between 0.05 and 0.2 for higher CO₂ removal capacity, between 0.7 and 1.5 for higher sorption speed and between 0.2 and 0.7 for a compromise between higher CO₂ removal capacity and higher sorption speed.