Portal for harvesting energy from distributed electrical power sources

• US 9,118,213 B2
• Filed: 11/24/2010
• Issued: 08/25/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 11/24/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Kohler Company
• Original Assignee: Kohler Company
• Inventors: Koehl, Richard
• Primary Examiner(s): Fleming, Fritz M
• Application Number:
  US12/953,985
• Publication Number:
  US 20120126623A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,735 Days
• Field of Search: 307/82
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/24 of photovoltaic origin
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/28 The renewable source being wind energy wind motors F03D
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2300/40 wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/381 Dispersed generators
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/388 Islanding, i.e. disconnection of local power supply from the network
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/46 Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 10/10 Photovoltaic [PV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 10/30 Wind power
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/56 Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 10/76 Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 80/20 using renewable energy

Abstract

A modular portal system and method for harvesting energy from distributed power sources. The distributed power sources include renewable and nonrenewable energy sources, which are coupled to a backplane. The backplane receives modular preconditioner modules and inverter modules, which are inserted into module slots. The preconditioner modules receive power from the distributed power sources via backplane connections and output conditioned DC power to a DC bus on the backplane. The inverters are coupled to the DC bus, receive the DC power, and convert the DC power to AC power. The backplane also includes a controller for selectively coupling the energy harvesting system to a power grid. The AC power generated by the inverter is selectively applied to the power grid and to local loads.

Claims

1. A modular energy harvesting portal comprising:

a first preconditioner including a first DC output and a first power input connectable to a first source, the first preconditioner configured to convert a first type of power provided from the first source to a first DC level, and output the converted power at the first DC level;

a second preconditioner including a second DC output and a second power input connectable to a second source, the second preconditioner configured to convert a second type of power provided from the second source to the first DC level, and output the converted power at the first DC level;

a first inverter including a first DC input and a first AC output, the first inverter converting DC power received at the first DC input to AC power and outputting AC power at the first AC output;

a second inverter including a second DC input and a second AC output, the second inverter converting DC power received at the second DC input to AC power and outputting AC power at the second AC output;

a controller configured to communicate with the first inverter, second inverter, first preconditioner, and second preconditioner;

a backplane including

first and second preconditioner slots for receiving the first preconditioner and the second preconditioner,

first and second inverter slots for receiving the first inverter and the second inverter,

a DC bus connecting the first DC output, second DC output, first DC input, and second DC input, and

an AC output bus connecting the first AC output and second AC output, wherein the controller selectively couples the AC output bus to an AC grid; and

a sink circuit coupled to the DC link bus and operable to selectively dissipate power resident on the DC link bus, wherein the sink circuit is activated to dissipate power resident on the DC link bus in response to removal from the backplane of at least one selected from the group of the first preconditioner, the second preconditioner, the first inverter, and the second inverter.

2. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, wherein the backplane further includes

a first source input port configured to be coupled to the first source to supply power to the first power input, and

a second source input port configured to be coupled to the second source to supply power to the second power input.

3. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, wherein the controller selectively couples:

a local load to one selected from the group of the AC grid and the AC output bus; and

the AC output bus to one selected from the group of the local load and the AC grid.

4. The energy harvesting portal of claim 3, further comprising grid connection switches on the backplane, wherein the grid connection switches are controlled by the controller for the selective coupling of the local load to one selected from the group of the AC grid and the AC output bus and the AC output bus to one selected from the group of the local load and the AC grid.

5. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, further comprising a third preconditioner external to the backplane and coupled to the DC bus, wherein the preconditioner receives power from a third source, converts the received power to the first DC level, and outputs the converted power at the first DC level to the DC bus.

6. The energy harvesting portal of claim 5, wherein the third source is a battery pack and the third preconditioner is further configured to charge the battery pack using DC power from the DC bus output by the first preconditioner and the second preconditioner.

7. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, wherein the first and second source are different renewable energy power sources and the first preconditioner is customized for use with the first source and the second preconditioner is customized for use with the second source.

8. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, further comprising a fourth preconditioner including a fourth power input and a fourth DC output for use with a fourth source, wherein, upon removal of the first preconditioner from the first preconditioner slot, the fourth preconditioner is

insertable into the first preconditioner slot to couple the fourth source to the fourth power input and the to couple the fourth DC output to the DC bus, and

configured to convert power provided from the fourth source to a first DC level, and output the converted power at the first DC level.

9. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, wherein the controller is operable to disable one selected from the group of the first inverter and the second inverter based on a determination that a single inverter is operable to meet the demand for AC to DC conversion.

10. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, wherein the AC output bus is electrically coupled to one selected from the group of a second AC output bus of a second energy harvesting portal and a series preconditioner of the second energy harvesting portal.

11. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, wherein the DC bus is electrically coupled to a second DC bus of a second energy harvesting portal.

12. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, wherein the sink circuit is integrated into the backplane.

13. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, wherein the first preconditioner includes

a first subpreconditioner including a first sub-output, wherein the first subpreconditioner

is connected to the first power input, the first power input being connected to a first photovoltaic string,

converts power provided from the first photovoltaic string to the first DC level, and

outputs, via the first sub-output, the converted power at the first DC level;

a second subpreconditioner including a second sub-output, wherein the second subpreconditioner

is connected to a second power input, the second power input being connected to a second photovoltaic string,

converts power provided from the second photovoltaic string to the first DC level,

outputs, via the second sub-output, the converted power at the first DC level;

a connection point coupling the first and second sub-outputs to first DC output of the first preconditioner.

14. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, wherein the controller is part of the backplane and includes:

a real time processor controlling the first and second preconditioners and the first and second inverters, and

a user interface processor in communication with an external user device,

wherein the user interface processor and the real time processor are communicatively coupled.

15. The energy harvesting portal of claim 1, wherein the backplane further comprises

a controller area network (CAN) bus linking the controller to a processor of at least one selected from the group of the first preconditioner, the second preconditioner, the first inverter, and the second inverter, the CAN bus used to transmit instructions from the controller and data to the controller;

and

a signals bus linking the controller to the processor and used to communicate from the controller at least one selected from the group of a reset signal, a get ready to shutdown power signal, a shutdown power immediately signal, a sleep signal, a wakeup signal, and an island detected signal.

16. The energy harvesting portal of claim 15, wherein the backplane further comprises synchronization clock line linking the controller to the processor.