Transmit power scaling method and system to detect occurrences using geographically distributed sensors

• US 9,118,980 B2
• Filed: 08/28/2009
• Issued: 08/25/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 02/17/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Indian Institute of Science
• Original Assignee: Indian Institute of Science
• Inventors: Mehta, Neelesh B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Suglo, Janet
• Assistant Examiner(s): ANDERSON, LYNNE D
• Application Number:
  US12/550,168
• Publication Number:
  US 20100211359A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,188 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G16H 50/80 for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics, e.g. flu
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/12 specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/20 using a distributed architecture
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/25 using a mesh network, e.g. a public urban network such as public lighting, bus stops or traffic lights
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/40 using a wireless architecture
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2209/43 using wireless personal area networks [WPAN], e.g. 802.15, 802.15.1, 802.15.4, Bluetooth or ZigBee
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 9/00 Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/025 using location based information parameters
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/70 Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0245 according to signal strength
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/28 using user profile, e.g. mobile speed, priority or network state, e.g. standby, idle or non transmission
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/005 Moving wireless networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/02 Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 84/18 Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

Sensors within sensor node networks may communicate bio-event or other types of measurement results/decisions between each other using signal transmission variations. Each sensor node within a network and between networks may transmit and receive signals. A sensor node may scale a signal transmission power in a manner that is proportional to a confidence level of a decision or measurement about an event being detected. Each sensor node will receive transmissions from neighboring nodes, and can refine an estimate about an occurrence of the event at its location based on received signal strengths, for example.

Claims

1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium that includes instructions stored thereon, the instructions, in response to execution by a processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to:

identify an occurrence based on a measurement by a first sensor unit;

make a determination about a level of confidence that the occurrence relates to an event being monitored;

identify a first signal from a second sensor unit, wherein the first signal from the second sensor unit is indicative of the occurrence based on a measurement by the second sensor unit;

determine a signal strength of the first signal from the second sensor unit;

adjust the level of confidence based on the signal strength of the first signal from the second sensor unit;

establish a signal transmit power level for a first signal from the first sensor unit that corresponds to the adjusted level of confidence, wherein the first signal from the first sensor unit is to be transmitted to neighbor sensor units, and wherein a signal strength of the first signal from the first sensor unit is based at least in part on the signal transmit power level; and

control the first sensor unit to transmit the first signal from the first sensor unit at the established signal transmit power level.

2. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, further comprising an instruction stored thereon, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to accumulate, at the processor unit, measurements from the first sensor unit, and

wherein the instruction to make the determination about the level of confidence that the occurrence relates to the event being monitored comprises an instruction, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to determine an amount of accumulation of measurements.

3. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instruction to make the determination about the level of confidence that the occurrence relates to the event being monitored comprises an instruction, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to determine a magnitude of a measurement received from at least one of the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit.

4. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 3, further comprising an instruction stored thereon, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to establish the level of confidence to be proportional to the magnitude of the measurement.

5. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, further comprising instructions store thereon, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to:

identify occurrences based on measurements by multiple sensor units; and

make a single determination about a level of confidence that the occurrences relate to the event being monitored.

6. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, further comprising instructions stored thereon, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to:

identify signals from other sensor units; and

adjust the level of confidence based on a number of identified signals.

7. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, further comprising instructions stored thereon, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to:

determine a level of correlation between the first signal from the second sensor unit and the measurement by the first sensor unit; and

adjust the level of confidence based on the level of correlation between the first signal from the second sensor unit and the measurement by the first sensor unit.

8. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, further comprising an instruction stored thereon, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to establish a signal transmit frequency level of the first sensor unit to be proportional to the adjusted level of confidence, wherein the signal transmit frequency level indicates how often the first sensor unit transmits signals.

9. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, further comprising instructions stored thereon, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to:

identify signals transmitted from other sensor units;

determine a signal strength of the signals transmitted from the other sensor units; and

determine a boundary region of the event being monitored based on the signal strength of the signals transmitted from the other sensor units, wherein the boundary region of the event includes a geographical area in which occurrences related to the event are detected by all sensor units within the geographical area.

10. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising an instruction stored thereon, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to establish a two dimensional map indicative of the boundary region of the event.

11. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, wherein the instruction to determine the signal strength comprises an instruction, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to determine a magnitude of an electric field at a reference point that is a certain distance from the second sensor unit.

12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, further comprising an instruction, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to send the signal transmit power level to the first sensor unit.

13. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 1, further comprising an instruction, which in response to execution by the processor unit, operatively enable the processor unit to send the level of confidence to the first sensor unit.

14. A system to transmit at a transmit power level, comprising:

a sensor unit configured to make a measurement indicative of an occurrence;

a transceiver configured to receive and transmit wireless signals, wherein the transceiver is configured to receive, from a neighbor sensor unit, a first signal indicative of a respective measurement by the neighbor sensor unit of the occurrence; and

a processor unit coupled to the sensor unit and the transceiver and configured to receive the measurement from the sensor unit and make a determination about a level of confidence that the occurrence relates to an event being monitored, the processor unit configured to adjust the level of confidence based on a signal strength of the first signal received from the neighbor sensor unit, and the processor unit configured to establish a signal transmit power level of the transceiver to correspond to the adjusted level of confidence and configured to control the transceiver to transmit a second signal at a power level corresponding to the established signal transmit power level.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the processor unit is configured to accumulate measurements from the sensor unit and configured to make the determination about the level of confidence that the occurrence relates to the event being monitored based on an amount of accumulation of measurements.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein the sensor unit comprises a first sensor unit, the system further comprising a second sensor unit configured to make measurements indicative of occurrences, and wherein the processor unit is configured to receive measurements from the first sensor unit and the second sensor unit and configured to make a single determination about a level of confidence that detected occurrences relate to the event being monitored.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein the processor unit is further configured to adjust the signal transmit power level based on additional adjustments to the level of confidence.

18. The system of claim 14, wherein the processor unit is configured to determine a magnitude of an electric field at a reference point that is a certain distance from the neighbor sensor unit.

19. A method to detect occurrences using geographically distributed sensors, comprising:

making, by a sensor, measurements indicative of an occurrence;

making, by the sensor, a determination about a level of confidence that the occurrence relates to an event being monitored;

transmitting, by the sensor, a signal with a power level that corresponds to the level of confidence determined by the sensor;

receiving, at the sensor, a signal transmitted by another sensor;

determining, at the sensor, a signal strength of the received signal;

adjusting, at the sensor, the level of confidence that the occurrence relates to the event being monitored based on the signal strength of the received signal; and

transmitting, from the sensor to neighbor sensors, the signal with a power level that corresponds to the adjusted level of confidence determined by the sensor.

20. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

monitoring signals transmitted by a plurality of sensors;

determining a signal strength of the signals transmitted by the plurality of sensors; and

determining a boundary region of the event being monitored based on the signal strength of the signals transmitted by the plurality of sensors, wherein the boundary region of the region includes a geographical area in which occurrences related to the event are detected by all sensors within the geographical area.

21. The method of claim 20, further comprising establishing a two dimensional map indicative of the boundary region of the event.

22. The method claim 19, further comprising adjusting, by the sensor, the level of confidence that the occurrence relates to the event being monitored based on a number of signals received.

23. The method of claim 19, further comprising:

determining a level of noise within the received signal; and

adjusting the determined signal strength of the received signal based on the level of noise.

24. The method of claim 19, wherein determining the signal strength of the received signal includes determining, at the sensor, a magnitude of an electric field at a reference point that is a certain distance from the another sensor.