Cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge

• US 9,130,235 B2
• Filed: 04/09/2014
• Issued: 09/08/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 11/15/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: LG Energy Solution Limited (LG Corporation)
• Original Assignee: LG Chem Limited (LG Corporation)
• Inventors: Kwon, Yo-Han, Jung, Hye-Ran, Woo, Sang-Wook, Kim, Je-Young
• Primary Examiner(s): Walls, Cynthia K
• Application Number:
  US14/248,443
• Publication Number:
  US 20140220400A1
• Time in Patent Office: 517 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/02 Details of electrodes H01M4/00; of non-active parts H01M50/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/0422 Cells or battery with cylindrical casing
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/052 Li-accumulators
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/058 Construction or manufacture
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/46 Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 4/78 Shapes other than plane or cylindrical, e.g. helical
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/46 Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/10 using inductive coupling
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 50/20 using microwaves or radio frequency waves
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0042 characterised by the mechanical construction
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

The present invention provides a cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge. The cable-type secondary battery according to the present invention can be applied in a wireless charging method, thereby being conveniently charged as compared with conventional batteries which are charged with wires, and has an outer current collector configured in a wound form, which can overcome the problem of local charge caused by the shape of conventional cable-type batteries. Also, the outer current collector configured in a wound form acts as a current of electrodes, and also can act as a charger which generates a current by external magnetic field, thereby simplifying battery configuration.

Claims

1. A cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge, configured to have a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape and to extend longitudinally and comprising:

a core for supplying lithium ions, which comprises an electrolyte;

an inner electrode comprising an open-structured inner current collector surrounding the outer surface of the core for supplying lithium ions, and an inner electrode active material layer surrounding the surface of the inner current collector;

a separation layer surrounding the outer surface of the inner electrode to prevent a short circuit between electrodes;

an outer electrode surrounding the outer surface of the separation layer and comprising an outer electrode active material layer and an outer current collector configured in a wound form; and

a connector having a diode which electrically connects the inner current collector and the outer current collector therebetween.

2. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the diode of the connector is reversely connected from a high potential current collector being the inner current collector or the outer current collector to a low potential current collector being the outer current collector or the inner current collector.

3. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 2, wherein when the inner electrode is a cathode and the outer electrode is an anode, the diode of the connector is reversely connected from the inner current collector to the outer current collector, or

when the outer electrode is a cathode and the inner electrode is an anode, the diode of the connector is reversely connected from the outer current collector to the inner current collector.

4. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte is selected from a non-aqueous electrolyte solution using ethylene carbonate (EC), propylene carbonate (PC), butylene carbonate (BC), vinylene carbonate (VC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC), methyl formate (MF), γ

-butyrolactone (γ

-BL), sulfolane, methyl acetate (MA) or methyl propionate (MP);

a gel polymer electrolyte using PEO, PVdF, PMMA, PAN, or PVAc; and

a solid electrolyte using PEO, polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyether imine (PEI), polyethylene sulphide (PES), or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).

5. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the electrolyte further comprises a lithium salt.

6. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 5, wherein the lithium salt is selected from LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO₄, LiBF₄, LiB₁₀Cl₁₀, LiPF₆, LiCF₃SO₃, LiCF₃CO₂, LiAsF₆, LiSbF₆, LiAlCl₄, CH₃SO₃Li, CF₃SO₃Li, (CF₃SO₂)₂NLi, lithium chloroborate, lower aliphatic lithium carbonate, lithium tetraphenylborate, and a mixture thereof.

7. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the open-structured inner current collector is in the form of a wound wire, a wound sheet or a mesh.

8. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the inner current collector is made of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, or copper;

stainless steel treated with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver on the surface thereof;

an aluminum-cadmium alloy;

a non-conductive polymer treated with a conductive material on the surface thereof;

or a conductive polymer.

9. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 8, wherein the conductive material is selected from polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfurnitride, indium tin oxide (ITO), silver, palladium, nickel, and a mixture thereof.

10. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 8, wherein the conductive polymer is selected from polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polysulfurnitride, and a mixture thereof.

11. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the separation layer is an electrolyte layer or a separator.

12. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 11, wherein the electrolyte layer comprises an electrolyte selected from a gel polymer electrolyte using PEO, PVdF, PMMA, PAN, or PVAc;

and a solid electrolyte using PEO, polypropylene oxide (PPO), polyether imine (PEI), polyethylene sulphide (PES), or polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).

13. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 11, wherein the electrolyte layer further comprises a lithium salt.

14. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 13, wherein the lithium salt is selected from LiCl, LiBr, LiI, LiClO₄, LiBF₄, LiB₁₀Cl₁₀, LiPF₆, LiCF₃SO₃, LiCF₃CO₂, LiAsF₆, LiSbF₆, LiAlCl₄, CH₃SO₃Li, CF₃SO₃Li, (CF₃ SO₂)₂NLi, lithium chloroborate, lower aliphatic lithium carbonate, lithium tetraphenylborate, and a mixture thereof.

15. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 11, wherein the separator is a porous substrate made of a polyolefin-based polymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene homopolymers, propylene homopolymers, ethylene-butene copolymers, ethylene-hexene copolymers, and ethylene-methacrylate copolymers;

a porous substrate made of a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyesters, polyacetals, polyamides, polycarbonates, polyimides, polyether ether ketones, polyether sulfones, polyphenylene oxides, polyphenylene sulfides and polyethylene naphthalates;

or a porous substrate made of a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer.

16. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein in the outer electrode,

the outer electrode active material layer is formed to surround the outer surface of the separation layer, and the outer current collector is formed by winding to surround the outer surface of the outer electrode active material layer;

the outer current collector is formed by winding to surround the outer surface of the separation layer, and the outer electrode active material layer is formed to surround the outer surface of the outer current collector;

the outer current collector is formed by winding to surround the outer surface of the separation layer, and the outer electrode active material layer is formed to surround the outer surface of the outer current collector and come into contact with the separation layer;

or

the outer electrode active material layer is formed to surround the outer surface of the separation layer, and the outer current collector is formed by winding to be included inside the outer electrode active material layer by being covered therein and to surround the outer surface of the separation layer with spacing apart therefrom.

17. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the outer current collector is in the form of a wound wire or a wound sheet.

18. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the outer current collector is made of stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, titanium, sintered carbon, or copper;

stainless steel treated with carbon, nickel, titanium or silver on the surface thereof;

or an aluminum-cadmium alloy.

19. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the outer current collector has a thickness of 1 to 500 μ

m.

20. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the outer current collector is wound in a frequency of 0.1 to 100 times per 1 mm of a unit length in the cable-type secondary battery.

21. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein the inner electrode is an anode and the outer electrode is a cathode, or the inner electrode is a cathode and the outer electrode is an anode.

22. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein when the inner electrode is an anode and the outer electrode is a cathode,

the inner electrode active material layer comprises an active material selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, or carbonaceous material;

lithium-titanium complex oxide (LTO), and metals (Me) including Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni and Fe;

alloys of the metals;

oxides (MeOx) of the metals;

complexes of the metals and carbon; and

mixtures thereof, and

the outer electrode active material layer comprises an active material selected from the group consisting of LiCoO₂, LiNiO₂, LiMn₂O₄, LiCoPO₄, LiFePO₄, LiNiMnCoO₂, LiNi_1-x-y-zCo_xM1_yM2_zO₂ (wherein M1 and M2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti, W, Ta, Mg and Mo, and x, y and z are each independently an atomic fraction of oxide-forming elements, in which 0≦

x<

0.5, 0≦

y<

0.5, 0≦

z<

0.5, and x+y+z≦

1), and mixtures thereof.

23. The cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge according to claim 1, wherein when the inner electrode is a cathode and the outer electrode is an anode,

the inner electrode active material layer comprises an active material selected from the group consisting of LiCoO₂, LiNiO₂, LiMn₂O₄, LiCoPO₄, LiFePO₄, LiNiMnCoO₂, LiNi_1-x-y-zCo_xM1_yM2_zO₂ (wherein M1 and M2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of Al, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, V, Cr, Ti, W, Ta, Mg and Mo, and x, y and z are each independently an atomic fraction of oxide-forming elements, in which 0≦

x<

0.5, 0≦

y<

0.5, 0≦

z<

0.5, and x+y+z≦

1), and mixtures thereof, and

the outer electrode active material layer comprises an active material selected from the group consisting of natural graphite, artificial graphite, or carbonaceous material;

lithium-titanium complex oxide (LTO), and metals (Me) including Si, Sn, Li, Zn, Mg, Cd, Ce, Ni and Fe;

alloys of the metals;

oxides (MeOx) of the metals;

complexes of the metals and carbon; and

mixtures thereof.

24. A cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge, configured to have a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape and to extend longitudinally and comprising:

two or more cores for supplying lithium ions, which comprise an electrolyte;

two or more inner electrodes arranged in parallel to each other, each inner electrode comprising an open-structured inner current collector surrounding the outer surface of each core for supplying lithium ions, and an inner electrode active material layer surrounding the surface of the inner current collector;

a separation layer surrounding the outer surface of the inner electrode to prevent a short circuit between electrodes;

an outer electrode surrounding the outer surface of the separation layer and comprising an outer electrode active material layer and an outer current collector configured in a wound form; and

a connector having a diode which electrically connects the inner current collector and the outer current collector therebetween.

25. A cable-type secondary battery capable of wireless charge, configured to have a horizontal cross section of a predetermined shape and to extend longitudinally and comprising:

two or more cores for supplying lithium ions, which comprise an electrolyte;

two or more inner electrodes arranged in parallel to each other, each inner electrode comprising an open-structured inner current collector surrounding the outer surface of each core for supplying lithium ions, an inner electrode active material layer surrounding the surface of the inner current collector, and a separation layer surrounding the outer surface of the inner electrode active material layer to prevent a short circuit between electrodes;

an outer electrode surrounding the outer surface of the inner electrodes and comprising an outer electrode active material layer and an outer current collector configured in a wound form; and

a connector having a diode which electrically connects the inner current collector and the outer current collector therebetween.