Dual cure compositions, methods of curing thereof and articles therefrom

• US 9,133,283 B2
• Filed: 06/26/2012
• Issued: 09/15/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 09/20/2005
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: General Electric Company
• Original Assignee: General Electric Company
• Inventors: Lin, Wendy Wen-Ling, Furuta, Paul Takao, Yang, Patrick Wenliang
• Primary Examiner(s): MCCLENDON, SANZA L
• Application Number:
  US13/533,685
• Publication Number:
  US 20120322909A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,176 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 17/04 bonded with or embedded in a plastic substance
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/04 as impregnant, bonding, or embedding substance not used
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/12 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 27/30 comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/18 characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/26 another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers B32B5/12
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 5/28 impregnated with or embedded in a plastic substance not used
• CPC Class Codes: B32B 9/00 Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
• CPC Class Codes: C08F 2/48 by ultraviolet or visible light
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 2363/00 Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
• CPC Class Codes: C08J 5/04 Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 3/36 Silica
• CPC Class Codes: C08K 7/14 Glass
• CPC Class Codes: C09D 4/00 Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16

Abstract

The invention relates to a wind power plant comprising a vertically disposed shaft (2), a rotor with a number of straight or slightly curved blades (3, 4) which are parallel to the shaft (2); said rotor rotates round the shaft (2) whereby at least, one rotor blade (3, 4) which is disposed on the side facing the shaft (2) has a strip (5), which, in turn, is parallel to the shaft and projects from the surface of the rotor-blade (3, 4).

Claims

1. A method of curing a dual cure composition comprising the steps of:

(i) providing a dual cure composition comprising;

at least one filler;

at least one curable monomer comprising at least one of an ethylenic unit or cyclic ether unit or mixture thereof;

at least one photoinitiator; and

at least one thermal initiator;

(ii) exposing the composition to radiation of a wavelength from a radiation source for a time to at least partially photocure the composition and to provide an exotherm sufficient to continue curing of the composition by thermal curing upon terminating exposure of the composition to the radiation to form a cured composition wherein the filler comprises carbon fabric and/or carbon fibers, the photoinitiator comprises a combination of phosphine oxide and phenyl-p-octyloxylphenyl-iodonium hexafluorantimonate, the thermal initiator comprises methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, the radiation comprises UV-A, and wherein the composition further comprises cycloaliphatic diepoxide and wherein curing of the composition is performed in the absence of heat from an external thermal source.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the radiation source is turned off before complete curing of the composition is achieved and wherein curing of the composition is performed in the absence of heat generated by an external thermal source.

3. An article produced by the method of claim 1.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the radiation wavelength is in the range of from about 200 nanometers to about 1000 nanometers.

4. A method of curing a dual cure composition on at least one surface of a reinforcing core material comprising the steps of:

(i) providing a dual cure composition comprising;

at least one filler;

at least one curable monomer comprising at least one of an ethylenic unit or cyclic ether unit or mixture thereof;

at least one photoinitiator; and

at least one thermal initiator;

(ii) applying the composition onto at least one surface of the reinforcing core material;

(iii) exposing the composition to radiation of a wavelength from a radiation source for a time to at least partially photocure the composition and to provide an exotherm sufficient to continue curing of the composition by thermal curing upon terminating exposure of the composition to the radiation to form a cured composition wherein the reinforcing core material is comprised of foam, slitted foam, honeycomb, or combinations thereof, and/or wood having resin filled pathways through the wood that enable transfer of heat to propagate through the wood and the composition to cure the composition, wherein the radiation source is turned off before complete curing of the composition is achieved and wherein curing of the composition is performed in the absence of heat generated by an external thermal source.

5. An article produced by the method of claim 4.

6. The method of claim 4 wherein the reinforcing core material is comprised of foam, slitted foam, honeycomb, or combinations thereof.

8. The method of claim 4, wherein the exposing occurs for a time period of about 1 second to about 5 hours.

9. The method of claim 4, wherein the composition is fully cured.

11. The method of claim 4, wherein the photoinitiator comprises phosphine oxide, the thermal initiator comprises methyl ethyl ketone peroxide, and the radiation comprises UV-A.

12. The method of claim 4, wherein the photoinitiator comprises a combination of phenyl-p-octyloxylphenyl-iodonium hexafluorantimonate and any one or more of phosphine oxide and cycloaliphatic diepoxide and the radiation comprises UV-A.

13. The method of claim 11, wherein the cured composition has a thickness greater than 6 millimeters.

14. The method of claim 11, wherein the cured composition has a thickness from 2.5 millimeters to 16 millimeters.

15. The method of claim 11, wherein the cured composition has a thickness from 2.5 millimeters to 6.35 millimeters.

16. An article produced by the method of claim 12.

10. A method of curing a dual cure composition comprising the steps of:

(i) providing a dual cure composition comprising;

at least one filler;

at least one curable monomer comprising at least one of an ethylenic unit or cyclic ether unit or mixture thereof;

at least one photoinitiator; and

at least one thermal initiator;

(ii) exposing the composition to radiation of a wavelength from a radiation source for a time to at least partially photocure the composition and to provide an exotherm sufficient to continue curing of the composition by thermal curing upon terminating exposure of the composition to the radiation to form a cured composition wherein the photoinitiator comprises a combination of phenyl-p-octyloxylphenyl-iodonium hexafluorantimonate and any one or more of phosphine oxide and cycloaliphatic diepoxide.

17. The method of claim 10 wherein the filler is a UV opaque filler comprising carbon fibers, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, silicon carbide, boron nitride, titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, chalk, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, silicates, talc, mica, kaolin, silica, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, polymer powder, polymer fiber, or combinations thereof;

wherein the cured composition has a thickness of at least about 0.1 millimeter.

18. The method of claim 10 wherein curing of the composition is performed in the absence of heat from an external thermal source.

19. The method of claim 10, wherein the radiation wavelength is in the range of from about 200 nanometers to about 1000 nanometers.

20. The method of claim 10, wherein the exposing occurs for a time period of about 1 second to about 5 hours.

21. The method of claim 10, wherein the composition is fully cured.

22. An article produced by the method of claim 10.

23. An article produced by the method of claim 18.