Infrared-based vehicle component imaging and analysis

• US 9,134,185 B2
• Filed: 05/15/2013
• Issued: 09/15/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 05/23/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: International Electronic Machines Corp.
• Original Assignee: International Electronic Machines Corp.
• Inventors: Mian, Zahid F., Gamache, Ronald W., Baliga, Shankar B.
• Primary Examiner(s): Porta, David
• Assistant Examiner(s): Maupin, Hugh H
• Application Number:
  US13/895,275
• Publication Number:
  US 20130313433A1
• Time in Patent Office: 853 Days
• Field of Search: 250/338.4
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B61K 9/06 by detecting or indicating heat radiation from overheated axles
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 1/20 Safety arrangements for preventing or indicating malfunction of the device, e.g. by leakage current, by lightning
• CPC Class Codes: B61L 27/57 for vehicles or trains, e.g. trackside supervision of train conditions
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 1/4228 arrangements with two or more detectors, e.g. for sensitivity compensation
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2005/0033 Wheel
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2005/0077 Imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 5/0022 for sensing the radiation of moving bodies
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 5/026 Control of working procedures of a pyrometer, other than calibration; Bandwidth calculation; Gain control
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 5/061 by controlling the temperature of the apparatus or parts thereof, e.g. using cooling means or thermostats
• CPC Class Codes: G01K 13/08 in rotary movement
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 25/72 Investigating presence of flaws

Abstract

An improved system for evaluating one or more components of a vehicle is provided. The system includes a set of imaging devices configured to acquire image data based on infrared emissions of at least one vehicle component of the vehicle as it moves through a field of view of at least one of the set of imaging devices. An imaging device in the set of imaging devices can include a linear array of photoconductor infrared detectors and a thermoelectric cooler for maintaining an operating temperature of the linear array of detectors at a target operating temperature. The infrared emissions can be within at least one of: the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) radiation spectrum or the long wavelength infrared (LWIR) radiation spectrum.

Claims

1. A system comprising:

an imaging component including a set of imaging devices configured to acquire image data based on infrared emissions of at least one vehicle component of a vehicle moving at any speed in a range of speeds including a maximum main line operating speed of the vehicle through a field of view of at least one of the set of imaging devices, wherein an imaging device in the set of imaging devices includes a high speed infrared detector and a temperature element for maintaining an operating temperature of the high speed infrared detector at a target operating temperature, wherein the high speed infrared detector is a lead selenide detector, wherein the temperature element comprises a multi-stage cooler configured to maintain the target operating temperature between −

80 degrees Celsius and −

25 degrees Celsius, and wherein the infrared emissions are within the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) radiation spectrum; and

a computer system for evaluating the at least one vehicle component based on the image data, wherein the evaluating includes;

generating temperature measurement data based on the image data acquired by the set of imaging devices; and

evaluating the at least one vehicle component using the temperature measurement data.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein the high speed infrared detector comprises a linear array of photoconductor infrared detectors.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein an imaging device in the set of imaging devices is capable of acquiring infrared image data at a rate of at least approximately two thousand frames per second.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of imaging devices includes:

a first imaging device configured to acquire image data for a central region of a wheel of the moving vehicle; and

a second imaging device configured to acquire image data for an outer region of the wheel of the moving vehicle, wherein the first and second imaging devices acquire image data for distinct regions of the wheel.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of imaging devices are located approximately four feet from a rail on which the vehicle is moving.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein the set of imaging devices are located adjacent to a road on which the vehicle is moving, and wherein the vehicle can be moving up to at least approximately seventy miles per hour while the set of imaging devices acquire the image data.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein a second imaging device in the set of imaging devices includes a second high speed infrared detector, and wherein the infrared emissions are further within the long wavelength infrared (LWIR) radiation spectrum.

8. A system comprising:

an imaging component including a set of imaging devices configured to acquire image data based on infrared emissions of at least one vehicle component of a vehicle moving at any speed in a range of speeds including a maximum main line operating speed of the vehicle through a field of view of at least one of the set of imaging devices, wherein an imaging device in the set of imaging devices includes a high speed lead selenide infrared detector and a temperature element maintaining an operating temperature of the high speed infrared detector at a target operating temperature, wherein the target operating temperature for the lead selenide infrared detector is between −

80 degrees Celsius and −

25 degrees Celsius, and wherein the infrared emissions are within the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) radiation spectrum.

9. The system of claim 8, wherein the temperature element comprises a multi-stage cooler configured to precisely control the operating temperature.

10. The system of claim 8, wherein an imaging device in the set of imaging devices is capable of acquiring infrared image data at a rate of at least approximately two thousand frames per second.

11. The system of claim 8, further comprising a computer system for evaluating the at least one vehicle component based on the image data, wherein the evaluating includes:

generating temperature measurement data based on the image data acquired by the set of imaging devices; and

evaluating the at least one vehicle component using the temperature measurement data.

12. The system of claim 8, wherein an imaging device in the set of imaging device comprises a linear array of photoconductor infrared detectors.

13. The system of claim 12, wherein the set of imaging devices include:

a first imaging device configured to acquire image data for a central region of a wheel of the moving vehicle, wherein the first imaging device comprises a linear array of photoconductor infrared detectors of a first size; and

a second imaging device configured to acquire image data for an outer region of the wheel of the moving vehicle, wherein the second imaging device comprises a linear array of photoconductor infrared detectors of a second size, wherein the first size is at least twice as large as the second size.

14. A system comprising:

an imaging component including a plurality of imaging devices configured to acquire image data based on infrared emissions of at least one vehicle component of a vehicle moving at any speed in a range of speeds including a maximum main line operating speed of the vehicle through a field of view of at least one of the plurality of imaging devices, wherein the set plurality of imaging devices includes at least two high speed linear arrays of photoconductor infrared detectors of different sizes and a temperature element for maintaining an operating temperature of the at least two linear arrays of detectors at a target operating temperature between −

80 degrees Celsius and −

25 degrees Celsius, and wherein the infrared emissions are within at least one of;

the mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) radiation spectrum or the long wavelength infrared (LWIR) radiation spectrum.

15. The system of claim 14, wherein the at least two linear arrays of detectors includes at least one of:

lead selenide photoconductor infrared detectors or mercury cadmium telluride photoconductor infrared detectors.

16. The system of claim 14, wherein the temperature element comprises a multi-stage cooler configured to precisely control the target operating temperature.

17. The system of claim 14, wherein an imaging device in the plurality of imaging devices is configured to acquire infrared image data at a rate of at least approximately two thousand frames per second.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the vehicle is one of:

a road vehicle traveling up to at least approximately seventy miles per hour or a rail vehicle traveling up to at least approximately four hundred fifty kilometers per hour.

19. The system of claim 18, further comprising a computer system for evaluating the at least one vehicle component based on the image data, wherein the evaluating includes:

generating temperature measurement data based on the image data acquired by the plurality of imaging devices; and

evaluating the at least one vehicle component using the temperature measurement data.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the evaluating determines a presence of at least one of a set of defects selected from:

a hot brake, a cold brake, a hot wheel, or hot bearings.