CO;removal sorbent composition with high chemical stability during multiple cycles

• US 9,138,683 B1
• Filed: 06/06/2014
• Issued: 09/22/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 04/22/2013
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: US Department of Energy (Government of the United States of America)
• Original Assignee: US Department of Energy (Government of the United States of America)
• Inventors: Siriwardane, Ranjani V., Rosencwaig, Shira
• Primary Examiner(s): ANTHONY, JOSEPH DAVID
• Application Number:
  US14/297,848
• Time in Patent Office: 473 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/304 of sodium
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2251/604 Hydroxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20405 Monoamines
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2252/20489 with two or more hydroxyl groups
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2253/11 Clays
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 2257/504 Carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/02 by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography solid sorbent compositions B01J20/00, preparation of inorganic compounds or elements C01
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/52 Hydrogen sulfide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/526 Mixtures of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/62 Carbon oxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01D 53/80 Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/04 comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/041 Oxides or hydroxides
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/043 Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/06 comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/12 Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/22 comprising organic material
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/2805 Sorbents inside a permeable or porous casing, e.g. inside a container, bag or membrane
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/30 Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3204 Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3236 : containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3248 : the functional group or the linking, spacer or anchoring group as a whole comprising at least one type of heteroatom selected from a nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur, these atoms not being part of the carrier as such
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 20/3251 : comprising at least two different types of heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur
• CPC Class Codes: B01J 2220/46 : Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic and organic materials materials coated or impregnated on a carrier B01J20/32
• CPC Class Codes: Y02A 50/20 : Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
• CPC Class Codes: Y02C 20/40 : of CO2

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a clay-alkali-amine CO₂ sorbent composition prepared by integrating a clay substrate, basic alkali salt, and amine liquid. The basic alkali salt is present relative to the clay substrate in a weight ratio of from about 1 part to about 50 parts per 100 parts of the clay substrate. The amine liquid is present relative to a clay-alkali combination in a weight ratio of from about 1 part to about 10 parts per 10 parts of the clay-alkali combination. The clay-alkali-amine C02 sorbent is particularly advantageous for low temperature CO₂ removal cycles in a gas stream having a C02 concentration less than around 2000 ppm and an oxygen concentration around 21%, such as air.

Claims

1. A clay-alkali-amine CO₂ sorbent composition comprising:

a clay substrate;

a first basic alkali salt; and

an amine liquid;

where the basic alkali salt is supplied at from about 1 part to about 50 parts per 100 parts of the clay substrate by weight, and

where the amine liquid is supplied at from about 1 part to about 10 parts per 10 parts of a clay-alkali combination by weight;

wherein said clay substrate, said first basic alkali salt and said amine liquid have been integrated to produce the clay-alkali-amine CO₂ sorbent.

2. The composition of claim 1 where the first basic alkali salt and the amine are encapsulated between interlayers of the clay substrate.

3. The composition of claim 1 where the clay substrate is a plurality of clay substrate granules and where the basic alkali salt is a plurality of basic alkali salt granules and the amine is a liquid.

4. The composition of claim 3 where the plurality of clay substrate granules and the plurality of clay substrate granules and plurality of basic alkali salt granules are a solid-solid heterogeneous mixture.

5. The composition of claim 3 where the plurality of clay substrate granules and the plurality of basic alkali salt granules has a mean diameter of less than 500 micron.

6. The composition of claim 1 where the clay substrate and the basic alkali salt comprise porous clay-alkali pellets.

7. The composition of claim 6 where the amine liquid penetrates some portion of the pores of the porous clay-alkali pellets.

8. The composition of claim 6 where the mean diameter of the porous clay-alkali pellets is less than 30 mm.

9. The composition of claim 1 further comprising a second basic alkali salt.

10. The composition of claim 9 where the first basic alkali salt, the second basic alkali salt, and the amine are encapsulated between interlayers of the clay substrate.

11. The composition of claim 3 where the basic alkali salt is comprised of a metallic cation and an anion, where the metallic cation is Na, K, Li, Rb, Cs, Ca, Ba, or Sr and where the anion is hydroxide ion, a carbonate ion, a acetate ion, a phosphate ion, or an oxide.

12. The composition of claim 11 where the metallic cation is Na and the anion is the carbonate ion, and further comprising a second basic alkali salt, where the second basic alkali salt is comprises of Na, and where a mass of the second basic alkali salt is less than about 30% of the mass of the amine comprising the amine liquid.

13. The composition of claim 6 where the basic alkali salt is comprised of a metallic cation and an anion, where the metallic cation is Na, K, Li, Rb, Cs, Ca, Ba, or Sr and where the anion is hydroxide ion, a carbonate ion, a acetate ion, a phosphate ion, or an oxide.

14. The composition of claim 13 where the metallic cation is Na and the anion is the carbonate ion.

15. A clay-alkali-amine CO₂ sorbent composition comprising:

a clay substrate,

a first basic alkali salt,

where the basic alkali salt is comprised of a metallic cation and an anion where the metallic cation is Na, K, Li, Rb, Cs, Ca, Ba, or Sr and where the anion is hydroxide ion, a carbonate ion, an acetate ion, a phosphate ion, or an oxide ion, and

where the basic alkali salt is supplied at from about 1 part to about 50 parts per 100 parts of the clay substrate by weight;

where the clay substrate and the basic alkali salt comprise porous clay-alkali pellets;

an amine liquid comprised of an amine,

where the amine liquid is supplied at from about 1 part to about 10 parts per 10 parts of a clay-alkali combination by weight, and

where the amine liquid to penetrates some portion of the pores of the porous clay-alkali pellets.

16. The composition of claim 15 where the first basic alkali salt and the amine are encapsulated between interlayers of the clay substrate.

17. The composition of claim 15 further comprising a second basic alkali salt, and where a mass of the second basic alkali salt is less than about 30% of the mass of the amine comprising the amine liquid.

18. The composition of claim 17 where the first basic alkali salt, the second basic alkali salt, and the amine are encapsulated between interlayers of the clay substrate.

19. The composition claim 17 where a mean diameter of the porous clay-alkali pellets is less than 30 mm.