Web application module translation service

• US 9,141,360 B1
• Filed: 03/16/2011
• Issued: 09/22/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 03/16/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Google LLC (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Google Inc. (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Chen, J. Bradley, Muth, Robert, Sehr, David C., Yee, Bennet, Donovan, Alan A.
• Primary Examiner(s): CHAVIS, JOHN Q
• Application Number:
  US13/049,631
• Time in Patent Office: 1,651 Days
• Field of Search: 717/136
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/447 Target code generation
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/51 Source to source
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 8/52 Binary to binary

Abstract

Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, for providing a translation service that generates native object code by translating an intermediate representation of application code in a portable code format. One aspect of the subject matter described in this specification can be embodied in methods that include the actions of receiving a translation service request for a native executable for a particular instruction set architecture from a requestor, where the translation service request includes data specifying portable code in an instruction-set neutral format; obtaining the portable code; translating the portable code into native object code for execution on the particular instruction set architecture; generating a native executable for the particular instruction set architecture; and returning the native executable to the requestor.

Claims

1. A method performed by data processing apparatus, the method comprising:

receiving a request from a requestor for a trusted native executable for particular source code for a particular instruction set architecture;

receiving, at a translation service, a linked combination of (a) portable code that has been compiled from the particular source code and (b) one or more libraries of system-level instructions that define constraints of code execution environments for the trusted native executable, wherein the combination is source language independent and in an instruction-set neutral format;

translating the portable code and the linked one or more libraries into native object code for execution on the particular instruction set architecture;

generating the trusted native executable, by linking the native object code with one or more native system code libraries, for execution on the particular instruction set architecture;

and

returning the trusted native executable in a response to the request.

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising validating the trusted native executable by the requestor using a trusted validator in response to receiving the trusted native executable.

3. The method of claim 2, where validating the trusted native executable includes determining whether the trusted native executable satisfies one or more code safety constraints.

4. The method of claim 1, where the requestor is a client.

5. The method of claim 4, where the particular instruction set architecture is an instruction set architecture of the client.

6. The method of claim 1, where the requestor is a server that is handling the request for the trusted native executable for a client.

7. The method of claim 6, where the particular instruction set architecture is an instruction set architecture of the client.

8. A system comprising:

one or more computers and one or more non-transitory storage devices storing instructions that are operable, when executed by the one or more computers, to cause the one or more computers to provide;

a translation service configured to receive requests from a requestor, wherein the translation service performs operations comprising;

receiving a request from the requestor for a trusted native executable for particular source code for a particular instruction set architecture;

receiving a linked combination of (a) portable code that has been compiled from the particular source code and (b) one or more libraries of system-level instructions that define constraints of code execution environments for the trusted native executable, wherein the combination is source language independent and in an instruction-set neutral format;

translating the portable code and the linked one or more libraries into native object code for execution on the particular instruction set;

generating the trusted native executable, by linking the native object code with one or more native system code libraries, for execution on the particular instruction set architecture; and

returning the trusted native executable in a response to the request.

9. The system of claim 8, where the operations further comprise validating the trusted native executable by the requestor using a trusted validator in response to receiving the trusted native executable.

10. The system of claim 9, where validating the trusted native executable includes determining whether the trusted native executable satisfies one or more code safety constraints.

11. The system of claim 8, where the requestor is a client.

12. The system of claim 11, where the particular instruction set architecture is an instruction set architecture of the client.

13. The system of claim 8, where the requestor is a server that is handling the request for the trusted native executable for a client.

14. The system of claim 13, where the particular instruction set architecture is an instruction set architecture of the client.

15. A non-transitory computer storage medium, encoded with a computer program, the program comprising instructions that when executed by one or more computers cause the one or more computers to provide:

a translation service configured to receive requests from a requestor, wherein the translation service performs operations comprising;

receiving a request from the requestor for a trusted native executable for particular source code for a particular instruction set architecture;

receiving a linked combination of (a) portable code that has been compiled from the particular source code and (b) one or more libraries of system-level instructions that define constraints of code execution environments for the trusted native executable, wherein the combination is source language independent and in an instruction-set neutral format;

translating the portable code and the linked one or more libraries into native object code for execution on the particular instruction set architecture;

generating the trusted native executable, by linking the native object code with one or more native system code libraries, for execution on the particular instruction set architecture;

and

returning the trusted native executable in a response to the request.

16. The computer storage medium of claim 15, where the operations further comprise:

validating the trusted native executable by the requestor using a trusted validator in response to receiving the trusted native executable.

17. The computer storage medium of claim 16, where validating the trusted native executable includes determining whether the trusted native executable satisfies one or more code safety constraints.

18. The computer storage medium of claim 15, where the requestor is a client.

19. The computer storage medium of claim 18, where the particular instruction set architecture is an instruction set architecture of the client.

20. The computer storage medium of claim 15, where the requestor is a server that is handling the request for the trusted native executable for a client.

21. The computer storage medium of claim 20, where the particular instruction set architecture is an instruction set architecture of the client.

22. A method performed by data processing apparatus, the method comprising:

receiving a request from a requestor for a trusted native executable for particular source code for a particular instruction set architecture;

determining whether the trusted native executable for the particular instruction set architecture is locally stored;

if the trusted native executable is not locally stored,

determining whether portable code that has been compiled from the particular source code is locally stored;

requesting the portable code from a remote server if the portable code is not locally stored;

receiving a linked combination of (a) the portable code and (b) one or more libraries of system-level instructions that define constraints of code execution environments for the trusted native executable, wherein the combination is source language independent and in an instruction-set neutral format;

translating the portable code and the linked one or more libraries into native object code for execution on the particular instruction set architecture;

generating the trusted native executable, by linking the native object code with one or more native system code libraries, for execution on the particular instruction set architecture; and

returning the trusted native executable in a response to the request.

23. The method of claim 22, further comprising validating the trusted native executable by the requestor using a trusted validator in response to receiving the trusted native executable.

24. The method of claim 23, where validating the trusted native executable includes determining whether the trusted native executable satisfies one or more code safety constraints.

25. The method of claim 22, further comprising, if the portable code is locally stored, generating the trusted native executable using the locally stored portable code.

26. The method of claim 22, where translating the portable code into native object code includes one or more optimizations.

27. The method of claim 26, where the one or more optimizations include optimizing the native object code to the particular instruction set architecture.

28. The method of claim 26, where the one or more optimizations include optimizing the native object code to an implementation of the particular instruction set architecture.

29. The method of claim 26, where the request indicates generating an optimized native executable that includes the one or more optimizations.

30. The method of claim 26, further comprising storing the generated trusted native executable.

31. The method of claim 22, further comprising returning a locally stored trusted native executable in a response to the request if the trusted native executable for the particular instruction set architecture is locally stored.

32. A system comprising:

one or more computers and one or more non-transitory storage devices storing instructions that are operable, when executed by the one or more computers, to cause the one or more computers to provide;

a translation service configured to receive requests from requestors, wherein the translation service performs operations comprising;

receiving a request from a requestor for a trusted native executable for particular source code for a particular instruction set architecture;

determining whether trusted native executable for the particular instruction set architecture is locally stored;

if the trusted native executable is not locally stored,

determining whether portable code that has been compiled from the particular source code is locally stored;

requesting the portable code from a remote server if the portable code is not locally stored;

receiving a linked combination of (a) the portable code and (b) one or more libraries of system-level instructions that define constraints of code execution environments for the trusted native executable, wherein the combination is source language independent and in an instruction-set neutral format;

translating the portable code and the linked one or more libraries into native object code for execution on the particular instruction set architecture;

generating the trusted native executable, by linking the native object code with one or more native system code libraries, for execution on the particular instruction set architecture; and

returning the trusted native executable in a response to the request.

33. The system of claim 32, where the operations further comprise:

validating the trusted native executable by the requestor using a trusted validator in response to receiving the trusted native executable.

34. The system of claim 33, where validating the trusted native executable includes determining whether the trusted native executable satisfies one or more code safety constraints.

35. The system of claim 32 where the operations further comprise:

if the portable code is locally stored, generating the trusted native executable using the locally stored portable code.

36. The system of claim 32, where performing the operations of translating the portable code into the native object code includes one or more optimizations.

37. The system of claim 36, where the one or more optimizations include optimizing the native object code to the particular instruction set architecture.

38. The system of claim 36, where the one or more optimizations include optimizing the native object code to an implementation of the particular instruction set.

39. The system of claim 36, where the request indicates generating an optimized native executable that includes the one or more optimizations.

40. The system of claim 36, where the operations further comprise:

storing the generated trusted native executable.

41. The system of claim 32, where the operations further comprise:

returning a locally stored trusted native executable in a response to the request if the trusted native executable for the particular instruction set architecture is locally stored.

42. A non-transitory computer storage medium, encoded with a computer program, the program comprising instructions that when executed by one or more computers cause the one or more computers to provide:

a translation service configured to receive requests from requestors, wherein the translation service performs operations comprising;

receiving a request from a requestor for a trusted native executable for particular source code for a particular instruction set architecture;

determining whether the trusted native executable for the particular instruction set architecture is locally stored,

if the trusted native executable is not locally stored,

determining whether portable code that has been compiled from the particular source code is locally stored;

requesting the portable code from a remote server if the portable code is not locally stored;

receiving a linked combination of (a) the portable code and (b) one or more libraries of system-level instructions that define constraints of code execution environments for the trusted native executable, wherein the combination is source language independent and in an instruction-set neutral format;

translating the portable code and the linked one or more libraries into native object code for execution on the particular instruction set architecture;

generating the trusted native executable, by linking the native object code with one or more native system code libraries, for execution on the particular instruction set architecture; and

returning the trusted native executable in a response to the request.

43. The computer storage medium of claim 42, where the operations further comprise:

validating the trusted native executable by the requestor using a trusted validator in response to receiving the trusted native executable.

44. The computer storage medium of claim 43, where validating the trusted native executable includes determining whether the trusted native executable satisfies one or more code safety constraints.

45. The computer storage medium of claim 42 where the operations further comprise:

if the portable code is locally stored, generating the trusted native executable using the locally stored portable code.

46. The computer storage medium of claim 42, where performing the operations of translating the portable code into the native object code includes one or more optimizations.

47. The computer storage medium of claim 46, where the one or more optimizations include optimizing the native object code to the particular instruction set architecture.

48. The computer storage medium of claim 46, where the one or more optimizations include optimizing the native object code to an implementation of the particular instruction set architecture.

49. The computer storage medium of claim 46, where the request further indicates generating an optimized native executable that includes the one or more optimizations.

50. The computer storage medium of claim 46, where the operations further comprise:

storing the generated trusted native executable.

51. The computer storage medium of claim 42, where the operations further comprise:

returning a locally stored trusted native executable in a response to the request if the trusted native executable for the particular instruction set architecture is locally stored.