Battery with an internal microcontroller that draws different currents from the cells internal to the battery based on the temperature of the battery

• US 9,142,992 B2
• Filed: 09/19/2013
• Issued: 09/22/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 10/21/2005
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Stryker Corporation
• Original Assignee: Stryker Corporation
• Inventors: Malackowski, Donald W., Hansford, Brey Daniel
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso, Edward
• Assistant Examiner(s): BOATENG, ALEXIS ASIEDUA
• Application Number:
  US14/031,380
• Publication Number:
  US 20140055086A1
• Time in Patent Office: 733 Days
• Field of Search: 320/107, 320/110, 320/111, 320/112, 320/113, 320/114, 320/115, 320/132, 320/137, 320/134, 320/135, 320/136
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/14 Surgical saws A61B17/1637 takes precedence; tooth saws A61C3/12 ; Accessories therefor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/00734 battery operated
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/42 Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells H01M10/60 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/425 Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing printed circuits H05K1/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/4257 Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/44 Methods for charging or discharging circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/46 Accumulators structurally combined with charging apparatus circuits for charging H02J7/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 10/48 Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte constructional details of current conducting connections for detecting conditions inside cells or batteries, e.g. details of voltage sensing terminals, H01M50/569
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2010/4271 Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 2200/00 Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/213 adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic H01M50/209, H01M50/216 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01M 50/574 Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2207/10 Control circuit supply, e.g. means for supplying power to the control circuit
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/22 The load being a portable electronic device
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00036 Charger exchanging data with battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00047 with provisions for charging different types of batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0042 characterised by the mechanical construction
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0045 concerning the insertion or the connection of the batteries
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00714 in response to battery charging or discharging current
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/007194 of the battery
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/10 : Energy storage using batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02P 70/50 : Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
• CPC Class Codes: Y10T 29/4911 : including sealing

Abstract

A rechargeable battery with an internal microcontroller, a memory and a temperature sensor. The microcontroller draws a current from the cells internal to the battery used to power device to which the battery is attached. Normally, the microcontroller, is in a first operating mode in which the microcontroller draws a relatively low current. During these periods the temperature sensor generates a signal representative of the temperature of the battery. When the signal from the temperature sensor indicates the battery temperature exceeds a threshold temperature, the microcontroller enters a second operating mode in which the microcontroller draws a relatively high current. While in the second operating mode the microcontroller records in the memory data regarding the fact that the battery temperature exceeded the reference temperature and the amount of time the battery was at a temperature above the reference temperature.

Claims

1. A battery, said battery including:

a housing;

at least one rechargeable cell disposed in the housing;

a terminal assembly attached to the housing and connected to the at least one rechargeable cell for storing charge in the cell and withdrawing current from the cell;

a temperature sensor disposed in the housing that generates a temperature signal representative of battery temperature;

a memory disposed in said housing for storing data;

a microcontroller disposed in the housing that receives the temperature signal, said microcontroller being connected to said at least one rechargeable cell for energization by said cell and being connected to said memory to store in said memory data representative of battery temperature as measured by said temperature sensor, wherein said microcontroller is further configured to;

operate in a first mode during which said microcontroller draws a current from the at least one rechargeable cell and monitors the temperature signal to determine if the temperature signal exceeds a threshold temperature; and

when the temperature signal indicates that the temperature exceeds the threshold temperature, transition to operate in a second mode and write to said memory data indicating that the time the battery temperature exceeded the threshold temperature, wherein, when said microcontroller is in the second mode, said microcontroller draws more current from the at least one rechargeable cell than when in the first mode.

2. The battery of claim 1, wherein said microcontroller continually receives from said temperature sensor the temperature signal indicating if the sensed temperature is above the threshold temperature.

3. The battery of claim 1, wherein said microcontroller is further configured so that, when operating in the second mode, said microcontroller:

initially enters a clock on mode in which said microcontroller actuates a clock to determine the amount of time the temperature sensor indicates that the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature; and

then enters a normal mode in which said microcontroller writes to said memory the data indicating the amount of time the battery temperature was above the threshold temperature, wherein, when said microcontroller is in the normal mode, said microcontroller draws more current from the at least one rechargeable cell than when in the clock on mode.

4. The battery of claim 1, wherein said microcontroller is further configured so that:

upon attaching the battery to a tool and sourcing current to the tool, said microcontroller transitions from the first mode to a normal mode wherein, when said microcontroller is in the normal mode, said microcontroller draws more current than when in the first mode;

while attached to the surgical tool, said microcontroller records data in said memory regarding the operation of the tool; and

upon disconnecting the battery from the tool, said microcontroller returns to the first mode.

5. The battery of claim 4, wherein said microcontroller is configured so that second mode is the normal mode.

6. The battery of claim 1, wherein said microcontroller is further configured so that:

upon the fitting of the battery to a charger, said microcontroller transitions to a normal mode and is able to write to the charger the data stored in the battery memory, wherein, when microcontroller is in the normal mode, said microcontroller draws more current from that at least one recharagable cell than when in the first mode;

upon removal of the battery from the charger, said microcontroller returns to operate in the first mode.

7. The battery of claim 6, wherein said microcontroller is configured so that second mode is the normal mode.

8. The battery of claim 1, wherein said microcontroller is further configured to:

determine the highest battery temperature above the threshold temperature; and

write to said battery memory the highest temperature.

9. The battery of claim 1, wherein, said microcontroller is further configured so that, when the temperature signal indicates that the battery is at a temperature above the threshold temperature, said microcontroller:

compares the time the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature to a boundary time; and

if the time the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature is greater than the boundary time, writes to said memory data indicating that the battery temperature exceeded the threshold temperature for a time in excess of the boundary time.

10. The battery of claim 1, wherein:

the temperature signal output by the temperature sensor is applied to a comparator internal to said battery;

said comparator compares the temperature signal to a reference signal and selectively outputs a trigger signal and the trigger signal output from the comparator is applied to a CPU integral with said microcontroller to transition said microcontroller between operation in the first mode and operation in the second mode.

11. The battery of claim 1, wherein:

said memory includes a non volatile memory and a random access memory that are both disposed in said housing; and

said microcontroller is further configured to;

when the battery is at a temperature above the threshold temperature, said microcontroller, write data regarding the time the battery is above the threshold temperature to the random access memory; and

, when the temperature signal indicates that the battery temperature is below the threshold temperature, write the data regarding the time the battery is above the threshold temperature to said non volatile memory.

12. The battery of claim 1, wherein said microcontroller and said memory are collectively configured so that said microcontroller maintains in said memory a record of the number of times the battery temperature exceeds the threshold temperature.

13. The battery of claim 1, wherein said microcontroller is further configured to:

determine the amount of time the battery temperature exceeds the threshold temperature; and

maintain in said memory a record of the cumulative time the battery temperature exceeded the threshold temperature for a plurality of times in which the battery temperature exceeded the threshold temperature.

14. A battery, said battery including:

a housing;

at least one rechargeable cell disposed in the housing;

a terminal assembly attached to the housing and connected to the at least one rechargeable cell for storing charge in the cell and withdrawing current from the cell;

a temperature sensor disposed in the housing that generates a temperature signal representative of battery temperature;

a memory disposed in said housing for storing data;

a microcontroller disposed in the housing that receives the temperature signal, said microcontroller being connected to said at least one rechargeable cell for energization by said cell and being connected to said memory to store in said memory data representative of battery temperature as measured by said temperature sensor, wherein said microcontroller is further configured to;

operate in a first mode during which said microcontroller draws a current from the at least one rechargeable cell and monitors the temperature signal to determine if the temperature signal exceeds a threshold temperature; and

when the temperature signal indicates that the temperature exceeds the threshold temperature, transition to operate in a second mode in which said microcontroller draws more current from the at least one rechargeable cell than when in the first mode, and when in the second mode;

determine the highest battery temperature above the threshold temperature; and

write to said memory the highest temperature.

15. The battery of claim 14, wherein said microcontroller continually receives from said temperature sensor the temperature signal indicating if the sensed temperature is above the threshold temperature.

16. The battery of claim 14, wherein said microcontroller is further configured so that, when operating in the second mode, said microcontroller:

initially enters a clock on mode in which said microcontroller actuates a clock to determine the time the amount of time the temperature sensor indicates that the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature; and

then enters a normal mode in which said microcontroller writes to said memory the data indicating the time the battery temperature was above the threshold temperature, wherein, when said microcontroller is in the normal mode, said microcontroller draws more current from the at least one rechargeable cell than when in the clock on mode.

17. The battery of claim 14, wherein said microcontroller and said memory are collectively configured so that said microcontroller maintains in said memory a record of the highest battery temperatures for a plurality of different times the battery temperature exceeded the threshold temperature.

18. A battery, said battery including:

a housing;

at least one rechargeable cell disposed in the housing;

a terminal assembly attached to the housing and connected to the at least one rechargeable cell for storing charge in the cell and withdrawing current from the cell;

a temperature sensor disposed in the housing that generates a temperature signal representative of battery temperature;

a memory disposed in said housing for storing data;

a microcontroller disposed in the housing that receives the temperature signal, said microcontroller being connected to said at least one rechargeable cell for energization by said cell and being connected to said memory to store in said memory data representative of battery temperature as measured by said temperature sensor, wherein said microcontroller is further configured to;

operate in a first mode during which said microcontroller draws a current from the at least one rechargeable cell and monitors the temperature signal to determine if the temperature signal exceeds a threshold temperature; and

when the temperature signal indicates that the temperature exceeds the threshold temperature, transition to operate in a second mode in which said microcontroller draws more current from the at least one rechargeable cell than when in the first mode, and when in the second mode;

monitor the time the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature;

compare the time the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature to a boundary time; and

, if the time the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature exceeds the boundary time, write to said memory data indicating that the battery temperature was above the threshold temperature for a time in excess of the boundary time.

19. The battery of claim 18, wherein said microcontroller continually receives from said temperature sensor the temperature signal indicating if the sensed temperature is above the threshold temperature.

20. The battery of claim 18, wherein said microcontroller is further configured so that, when operating in the second mode, said microcontroller:

initially enters a clock on mode in which said microcontroller actuates a clock to determine the time the amount of time the temperature sensor indicates that the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature; and

then enters a normal mode in which said microcontroller writes to said memory the data indicating the time the battery temperature was above the threshold temperature, wherein, when said microcontroller is in the normal mode, said microcontroller draws more current from the at least one rechargeable cell than when in the clock on mode.

21. The battery of claim 18, wherein said microcontroller is further configured so that when the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature, said microcontroller:

determines the highest battery temperature above the threshold temperature; and

writes to said memory data indicating the highest battery temperature of the threshold temperature so that stored within said memory for a plurality of different times the battery temperature exceeded the threshold temperature are data indicating for each of the times the highest battery temperature above the threshold temperature.

22. The battery of claim 18, wherein said microcontroller is further configured so that, when the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature for a time in excess of the boundary time, said microcontroller:

determines the time battery temperature is above the threshold temperature in excess of the boundary time; and

stores in said memory for a plurality of different times when the battery temperature is above the threshold temperature in excess of the boundary time data indicating cumulative time the battery temperatures was above the threshold temperature in excess of the boundary time.