Moisture measurement

• US 9,151,710 B2
• Filed: 05/22/2013
• Issued: 10/06/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 05/25/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Valmet Automation Oy
• Original Assignee: Valmet Automation Oy
• Inventors: Mntyl, Markku
• Primary Examiner(s): Kim, Kiho
• Application Number:
  US14/403,650
• Publication Number:
  US 20150153273A1
• Time in Patent Office: 867 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/3148 using three or more wavelengths
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2021/8663 Paper, e.g. gloss, moisture content inspecting the presence of flaws in moving materials, e.g. paper G01N21/89; measurement of gloss in general G01N21/57
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/3559 in sheets, e.g. in paper
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/86 Investigating moving sheets G01N21/89 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/06113 Coherent sources; lasers
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 2201/062 LED's
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 33/346 paper sheets

Abstract

Detector receives optical radiation transmitted through measured object and is responsive to one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of water and cellulose and two or more separate optical bands related to spectral disturbance caused by coloring substance. The measuring unit measures, on basis of responses of the detector, a water dependent value on basis of attenuation of optical radiation in predetermined optical absorption band of water, a cellulose dependent value on basis of attenuation of optical radiation in predetermined optical absorption band of cellulose, determines general dependence of attenuation with respect to wavelength including spectral disturbance caused by coloring substance by measuring attenuations in predetermined separate optical bands apart from predetermined bands of water and cellulose, and forms a moisture value on basis of moisture dependent value, cellulose dependent value, and general dependence of attenuation for compensating for spectral disturbance of at least one coloring substance.

Claims

1. An apparatus for measuring an object comprising cellulose material and at least one coloring substance including printing ink, wherein the apparatus comprising

a detector and a measuring unit;

the detector being configured to receive optical radiation transmitted through the measured object within the optical band ranging from 1.8 μ

m to 2.25 μ

m and being responsive to one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of water, one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of cellulose and two or more separate optical bands known to include spectral disturbance caused by the at least one coloring substance, the separate optical bands being apart from the predetermined optical bands associated with water and cellulose, at least two of the separate optical bands being on both sides of a predetermined optical band associated with water and at least two of the separate optical bands being on both sides of a predetermined optical band of cellulose;

the measuring unit being configured to, on the basis of responses of the detector,

measure at least one water dependent value on the basis of attenuation of the optical radiation in the one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of water, measure at least one cellulose dependent value on the basis of attenuation of the optical radiation in the one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of cellulose,

determine general dependence of attenuation with respect to wavelength including spectral disturbance caused by the at least one coloring substance as a desired type of function by measuring attenuations at the measured wavelengths apart from the predetermined bands associated with water and cellulose;

form each of at least one corrected water value on the basis of the desired type of function and a corresponding water dependent value, and

form each of at least one corrected cellulose value on the basis of the desired type of function and a corresponding cellulose dependent value, and

form a moisture value on the basis of at least one corrected moisture value and at least one corrected cellulose value, for compensating for the spectral disturbance of the at least one coloring substance.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, the apparatus comprising an optical source configured to transmit optical radiation through a measured object.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, the measuring unit being configured to form corrected water and cellulose dependent values by removing the general dependence of attenuation from the water and cellulose dependent values for compensating for at least the disturbance of the at least one coloring substance on the spectrum, and

form a moisture value on the basis of at least one corrected moisture dependent value and at least one corrected cellulose dependent value.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the measuring unit being configured to measure the general dependence of attenuation on the basis of at least two of the following optical bands:

a band each wavelength of which being longer than any of the wavelengths of the predetermined optical absorption bands of water and cellulose, and

a band each wavelength of which being shorter than any of the wavelengths of predetermined optical absorption bands of water and cellulose.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the measuring unit being configured to measure the general dependence of attenuation additionally on the basis of at least one band each wavelength of which being between a predetermined optical absorption bands of water and cellulose.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the detector comprising a dispersing component configured to disperse the optical radiation into optical bands comprising the measured optical bands, and detector elements being configured to receive the optical bands and being responsive thereto.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the detector comprising a multichannel detector and an optical interference filter for each channel;

at least one optical interference filter having one or more predetermined optical pass bands associated with maximum water absorption, one or more predetermined optical pass bands associated with maximum cellulose absorption and two or more separate optical pass bands apart from the predetermined optical bands; and

the channels being configured to feed their responses to the measuring unit.

8. A system, comprising the apparatus of claim 1, wherein the system comprising at least one drier and a controller, the drier being configured to dry the measured object and the controller being configured to control the drying power of the at least one drier on the basis of the moisture value.

9. A system, comprising the apparatus of claim 1, wherein the system comprising a printing process and a controller, the controller being configured to control water input in the printing process on the basis of the moisture value.

10. A method for measuring an object comprising cellulose material and at least one coloring substance including printing ink, the method comprising

allowing optical radiation being transmitted through a measured object;

measuring at least one water dependent value on the basis of attenuation of the optical radiation transmitted through the measured object in one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of water;

measuring at least one cellulose dependent value on the basis of attenuation of the optical radiation transmitted through the measured object in one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of cellulose within the optical band ranging from 1.8 μ

m to 2.25 μ

m;

determining general dependence of attenuation of the optical radiation transmitted through the measured object with respect to wavelength, by measuring attenuations in two or more predetermined separate optical bands known to include spectral disturbance caused by the at least one coloring substance, as a known type of function, at least two of the separate optical bands being on both sides of a predetermined optical band associated with water and at least two of the separate optical bands being on both sides of a predetermined optical band of cellulose; and

forming each of at least one corrected water value on the basis of the desired type of function and a corresponding water dependent value, and forming each of at least one corrected cellulose value on the basis of the desired type of function and a corresponding cellulose dependent value; and

forming a moisture value on the basis of at least one corrected moisture value and at least one corrected cellulose value for compensating for the spectral disturbance of the at least one coloring substance.

11. The method of claim 10, the method further comprising forming corrected water and cellulose dependent values by removing the determined general dependence of attenuation from the water and cellulose dependent values for compensating for at least the disturbance of the at least one coloring substance on the spectrum;

and

forming a moisture value on the basis of at least one corrected moisture dependent value and at least one corrected cellulose dependent value.

12. The method of claim 10, the method further comprising measuring the general dependence of attenuation on the basis of at least two of the following optical bands:

a band each wavelength of which being longer than any of the wavelengths of the predetermined optical absorption bands of water and cellulose, and

a band each wavelength of which being shorter than any of the wavelengths of predetermined optical absorption bands of water and cellulose.

13. The method of claim 12, the method further comprising measuring the general dependence of attenuation additionally on the basis of at least one band each wavelength of which being between predetermined absorption optical bands of water and cellulose.

14. The method of claim 10, the method further comprising dispersing, in the detector, the optical radiation into a spectrum, and receiving and responding to an optical band of the spectrum by each detector element.

15. The method of claim 10, wherein the detector comprising a multichannel detector and an optical interference filter for each channel;

at least one optical interference filter having one or more predetermined optical pass bands associated with maximum water absorption, one or more predetermined optical pass bands associated with maximum cellulose absorption and two or more separate optical pass bands in known ranges from the predetermined optical bands; and

feeding, by the channels, their responses to the measuring unit.

16. A method, the method comprising the steps of claim 10 and further comprising controlling drying power in a drying process on the basis of the moisture value.

17. A method, the method comprising the steps of claim 10 and further comprising controlling water input in a printing process on the basis of the moisture value.

18. An apparatus for measuring an object comprising cellulose material and at least one coloring substance including printing ink, the apparatus comprising:

at least one processor; and

at least one memory including a computer program code, wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured, with the at least one processor, to cause the apparatus at least to perform

allowing optical radiation propagate through a measured object comprising cellulose material and the at least one coloring substance;

measuring at least one water dependent value on the basis of attenuation of the optical radiation transmitted through the measured object in one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of water;

measuring at least one cellulose dependent value on the basis of attenuation of the optical radiation transmitted through the measured object in one or more predetermined optical absorption bands of cellulose within the optical band ranging from 1.8 μ

m to 2.25 μ

m;

determining general dependence of attenuation of the optical radiation transmitted through the measured object with respect to wavelength, by measuring attenuations in two or more predetermined separate optical bands known to include spectral disturbance caused by the at least one coloring substance, as a known type of function, at least two of the separate optical bands being on both sides of a predetermined optical band associated with water and at least two of the separate optical bands being on both sides of a predetermined optical band of cellulose; and

forming each of at least one corrected water value on the basis of the desired type of function and a corresponding water dependent value, and forming each of at least one corrected cellulose value on the basis of the desired type of function and a corresponding cellulose dependent value; and

forming a moisture value on the basis of at least one corrected moisture value and at least one corrected cellulose value for compensating for the spectral disturbance of the at least one coloring substance.

19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the computer program code, cause the apparatus to form corrected water and cellulose dependent values by removing the determined general dependence of attenuation from the water and cellulose dependent values for compensating for at least the disturbance of the at least one coloring substance on the spectrum;

and

form a moisture value on the basis of at least one corrected moisture dependent value and at least one corrected cellulose dependent value.

20. A system, the system comprising the apparatus of claim 18 and further comprising a drying process and a controller configured to control the drying process on the basis of the moisture value.

21. A system, the system comprising the apparatus of claim 18 and further comprising a printing process and a controller configured to control water input in the printing process on the basis of the moisture value.