Remote phosphor LED device with broadband output and controllable color

• US 9,159,885 B2
• Filed: 12/19/2011
• Issued: 10/13/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 12/29/2010
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Original Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties Company (3M Company)
• Inventors: Ouderkirk, Andrew J., Jesudoss, Arokiaraj, Palaniswamy, Ravi, Gabriel, Nicholas T.
• Primary Examiner(s): Nguyen, Hai L
• Application Number:
  US13/991,062
• Publication Number:
  US 20130264947A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,394 Days
• Field of Search: 315/151
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/64 using wavelength conversion means distinct or spaced from the light-generating element, e.g. a remote phosphor layer
• CPC Class Codes: F21K 9/68 Details of reflectors forming part of the light source
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 13/08 the elements being filters or photoluminescent elements and reflectors
• CPC Class Codes: F21V 9/38 Combination of two or more photoluminescent elements of different materials
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2113/13 comprising an assembly of point-like light sources
• CPC Class Codes: F21Y 2115/10 Light-emitting diodes [LED]
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 25/0753 the devices being arranged next to each other
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/00 Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 2924/0002 Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/50 Wavelength conversion elements
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/507 the elements being in intimate contact with parts other than the semiconductor body or integrated with parts other than the semiconductor body
• CPC Class Codes: H01L 33/60 Reflective elements
• CPC Class Codes: H05B 45/22 using optical feedback

Abstract

A broadband light source includes a phosphor layer excited by light from multiple LEDs. A dichroic reflector reflects light from the LEDs onto the phosphor layer. First and second LEDs are responsible for first and second broadband portions respectively of a broadband output light of the source, each such broadband portion being broadband and nominally white. The device components are configured and arranged so that the first and second broadband light portions have different CIE color coordinates. These portions combine to yield a resultant color for the overall broadband light output of the source, which resultant color is a function of the relative amounts of the first and second broadband light portions. An open-loop or closed-loop controller can independently drive the LEDs to provide a desired mix of the broadband light portions so that the overall broadband light output has a color in a desired design space.

Claims

1. A light source for emitting broadband output light, comprising:

a first and second LED adapted to emit first and second LED light respectively;

a layer of phosphor material adapted to emit first longer wavelength phosphor light in response to excitation from light emitted by the first LED and second longer wavelength phosphor light in response to excitation from light emitted by the second LED; and

a dichroic reflector configured to reflect at least a portion of the first LED light, and at least a portion of the second LED light, onto the layer of phosphor material in such a way that as light propagates from the first and second LEDs to the dichroic reflector it does not pass through the layer of phosphor material, the dichroic reflector substantially transmitting light at the first and second longer wavelengths so that such transmitted first and second longer wavelength phosphor light is included in the broadband output light of the light source;

wherein the first longer wavelength phosphor light and optionally a remaining portion of the first LED light provide a first broadband light portion for the light source, and the second longer wavelength phosphor light and optionally a remaining portion of the second LED light provide a second broadband light portion for the light source, the broadband output light of the light source comprising the first and second broadband light portions; and

wherein the first broadband light portion has a first color, and the second broadband light portion has a second color that differs from the first color.

2. The source of claim 1, wherein the first and second LEDs are disposed proximate a medium having a concave surface, and wherein the dichroic reflector is disposed on the concave surface.

3. The source of claim 2, wherein the concave surface is curved, and wherein a reflection spectrum of the dichroic reflector changes as a function of incidence angle of incident light.

4. The source of claim 1, wherein the first LED is one of a first group of LEDs, the LEDs in the first group providing, with longer wavelength phosphor light excited by such LEDs, first portions of the broadband output light of the light source, the first portions all having the first color.

5. The source of claim 4, wherein the dichroic reflector has an optical axis, and wherein the LEDs in the first group are each disposed at a same first distance from the optical axis.

6. The source of claim 5, wherein the second LED is one of a second group of LEDs, the LEDs in the second group providing, with longer wavelength phosphor light excited by such LEDs, second portions of the broadband output light of the light source, the second portions all having the second color, and wherein the LEDs in the second group are each disposed at a same second distance from the optical axis, the second distance being different from the first distance.

7. The source of claim 1, wherein the dichroic reflector reflects substantially all of the first and second LED light, such that the broadband output light of the light source includes substantially none of the first and second LED light;

wherein the layer of phosphor material comprises a first phosphor layer portion and a second phosphor layer portion, the dichroic reflector configured to reflect at least a portion of the first LED light onto the first phosphor layer portion and to reflect at least a portion of the second LED light onto the second phosphor layer portion, the first and second phosphor layer portions having different phosphor compositions; and

wherein the first and second phosphor layer portions emit phosphor light with differing spectral distributions when illuminated with the reflected light from the first and second LEDs respectively.

8. The source of claim 1, wherein the dichroic reflector reflects only a portion of the first and second LED light and transmits remaining portions of the first and second LED light, such that the broadband output light of the light source includes the remaining portions of the first and second LED light, wherein the dichroic reflector has a concave shape and an optical axis, and wherein the first and second LEDs are positioned at different radial distances from the optical axis.

9. The source of claim 8, wherein the first LED light impinges on the dichroic reflector over a first range of incidence angles, wherein the dichroic reflector has a first transmission spectrum having a first band edge characterized by a transition from low to high transmission over a first spectral transition region, wherein the first LED light has a first spectral distribution that at least overlaps with the first band edge, and wherein the first transmission spectrum corresponds to a first incidence angle that is disposed within the first range of incidence angles, wherein the second LED light impinges on the dichroic reflector over a second range of incidence angles, wherein the dichroic reflector has a second transmission spectrum having a second band edge characterized by a transition from low to high transmission over a second spectral transition region, wherein the second LED light has a second spectral distribution that at least overlaps with the second band edge, and wherein the second transmission spectrum corresponds to a second incidence angle that is disposed within the second range of incidence angles.

10. The source of claim 1, wherein the first and second LED lights have respective first and second peak wavelengths that differ by no more than 30 nm.

11. The source of claim 1, wherein the first and second LEDs are members of a first plurality of neighboring LEDs disposed in a first wedge-shaped region, and further comprising a second plurality of neighboring LEDs disposed in a second wedge-shaped region, the first and second wedge-shaped regions being separated from each other by an unobstructed portion of the layer of phosphor material.

12. The source of claim 11, further comprising a third plurality of neighboring LEDs disposed in a third wedge-shaped region separated from the first and second wedge-shaped regions, the third plurality of neighboring LEDs being disposed such that at least a portion of LED light from the third plurality of neighboring LEDs is reflected by the dichroic reflector onto the unobstructed portion of the layer of phosphor material.

13. The source of claim 1, further comprising:

a controller configured to drive the first and second LEDs independently to control a color of the broadband output light; and

one or more detectors positioned to receive at least a portion of at least one of the first LED light, the second LED light, the first longer wavelength phosphor light, and the second longer wavelength phosphor light;

wherein the one or more detectors have one or more detector outputs respectively coupled to the controller, controller configured to drive the first and second LEDs as a function of the one or more detector outputs, and

wherein the one or more detectors comprise a first detector having a first spectral response, and a second detector having a second spectral response different from the first spectral response, such that detector outputs of the first and second detectors can provide in combination an indication of color.

14. A light source for emitting broadband output light, comprising:

a plurality of neighboring LEDs including a first and second LED adapted to emit first and second LED light, respectively;

a light-transmissive structure in which the plurality of LEDs are encapsulated, the light-transmissive structure having a curved concave surface;

a layer of phosphor material adapted to emit first longer wavelength phosphor light in response to excitation from light emitted by the first LED and second longer wavelength phosphor light in response to excitation from light emitted by the second LED; and

a dichroic reflector that covers the curved concave surface and that is configured to reflect at least a portion of the first LED light, and at least a portion of the second LED light, onto the layer of phosphor material in such a way that as light propagates from the first and second LEDs to the dichroic reflector it does not pass through the layer of phosphor material, the dichroic reflector substantially transmitting light at the first and second longer wavelengths so that such transmitted first and second longer wavelength phosphor light is included in the broadband output light of the light source, the dichroic reflector having an optical axis;

wherein the first and second LEDs are disposed at different radial distances from the optical axis;

wherein the first longer wavelength phosphor light and optionally a remaining portion of the first LED light provide a first broadband light portion for the light source, and the second longer wavelength phosphor light and optionally a remaining portion of the second LED light provide a second broadband light portion for the light source, the broadband output light of the light source comprising the first and second broadband light portions; and

wherein the first broadband light portion has a first color, and the second broadband light portion has a second color that differs from the first color.

15. A light source for emitting broadband output light, comprising:

a first and second LED adapted to emit first and second LED light respectively, the first and second LED light both comprising blue light but having different spectral distributions;

a layer of phosphor material adapted to emit first longer wavelength phosphor light in response to excitation from light emitted by the first LED; and

a dichroic reflector configured to reflect at least a portion of the first LED light onto the layer of phosphor material in such a way that as light propagates from the first LED to the dichroic reflector it does not pass through the layer of phosphor material, the dichroic reflector substantially transmitting light at the first longer wavelength so that such transmitted first longer wavelength phosphor light is included in the broadband output light of the light source, the dichroic reflector also transmitting at least a portion of the second LED light;

wherein the first longer wavelength phosphor light and optionally a remaining portion of the first LED light provide a first broadband light portion for the light source, the broadband output light of the light source comprising the first broadband light portion and the transmitted portion of the second LED light; and

wherein the dichroic reflector has an optical axis, and wherein the second LED is disposed at a smaller radial distance from the optical axis than the first LED.