Integrated tri-state electromagnetic interference filter and line conditioning module

• US 9,160,228 B1
• Filed: 02/26/2015
• Issued: 10/13/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 02/26/2015
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Crane Electronics, Inc. (Crane Company)
• Original Assignee: Crane Electronics, Inc. (Crane Company)
• Inventors: Parker, Ernest, Liu, Dongmin, Zlatev, Anton
• Primary Examiner(s): STERRETT, JEFFREY L
• Application Number:
  US14/632,818
• Time in Patent Office: 229 Days
• Field of Search: 323/222, 323/266, 323/299, 363/39, 363/40, 363/44
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 1/44 Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/158 including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
• CPC Class Codes: H02M 3/1582 Buck-boost converters H02M3/1584 takes precedence

Abstract

This disclosure describes systems, methods and articles of a passive EMI filter integrated with an active boost converter for low-side line transients and/or an active clipper for high-side line transients. During steady-state operation, the active circuitry is disabled so the circuit functions as a passive EMI filter. Inductive and capacitive components used in the passive EMI filter during steady-state operation may serve a dual role and become part of a boost converter when input voltage is below a low-line steady-state and, in some variations, the inductive and capacitive components may become part of a transient clipper when the input voltage is above a high-line steady-state level. The transient clipper may be implemented as a linear pass element or as a switch-mode converter (e.g., buck converter).

Claims

1. An electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and line-conditioning (EMI-LC) circuit, the EMI-LC circuit having an input coupleable to an output of an input power source and an output coupleable to an input of a noise source, the EMI-LC circuit comprising:

a passive differential mode EMI filter circuit that includes a differential mode EMI inductor and a differential mode EMI capacitor;

a boost converter circuit that includes a boost control switch controllable to be in an OFF state and an ON state, a boost output switch, the differential mode EMI inductor, and the differential mode EMI capacitor;

a feedback circuit operably coupled to the input of the EMI-LC circuit to sense input characteristic information at the input of the EMI-LC circuit; and

a control circuit operatively coupled to the feedback circuit to receive the input characteristic information from the feedback circuit and operatively coupled to the boost control switch, the control circuit;

during a first time in response to a first condition of the input characteristic information, controls the boost control switch to be continuously in the OFF state to disable the boost converter circuit; and

during a second time in response to a second condition of the input characteristic information, selectively controls the boost control switch to repeatedly switch between the OFF state and the ON state to enable the boost converter circuit which, when enabled, controllably increases an input voltage applied to the boost converter circuit.

2. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 1 wherein the boost output switch of the boost converter circuit comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), and the control circuit controls the boost output switch of the boost converter circuit to be in an ON state when the boost converter circuit is disabled and controls the boost output switch of the boost converter circuit to be in an OFF state when the boost converter circuit is enabled.

3. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 1 wherein the boost output switch of the boost converter comprises a diode.

4. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 1, further comprising:

a passive common mode EMI filter that includes a common mode EMI inductor and at least two bypass EMI capacitors.

5. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 1 wherein the control circuit applies a pulse width modulated signal to a control node of the boost control switch to enable the boost converter circuit.

6. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 1, further comprising:

a transient limiter circuit that includes one of a linear regulator circuit or a switching regulator circuit, wherein in operation the switching regulator circuit utilizes the differential mode EMI inductor and the differential mode EMI capacitor.

7. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 1 wherein the control circuit controls the boost control switch of the boost converter circuit to enable the boost converter circuit when a voltage at the input of the EMI-LC circuit is below a determined voltage level, and the control circuit controls the boost control switch of the boost converter circuit to disable the boost converter circuit when the voltage at the input of the EMI-LC circuit is at or above the determined voltage level.

8. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 1, further comprising:

a linear regulator circuit coupled between the input of the EMI-LC circuit and the output of the EMI-LC circuit, the linear regulator circuit includes a controllable linear pass element,

wherein the control circuit is operatively coupled to the linear pass element, and the control circuit controls the linear pass element to increase a resistance of the linear pass element when a voltage at the input of the EMI-LC circuit is above a determined voltage level.

9. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 8 wherein the linear pass element comprises a MOSFET.

10. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 1, further comprising:

a buck converter circuit that includes a buck control switch, a buck shunt switch, the differential mode EMI inductor, and the differential mode EMI capacitor,

wherein the control circuit is operatively coupled to the buck control switch, and the control circuit;

in response to a third condition of the input characteristic information, selectively controls the buck control switch to be continuously in an ON state to disable the buck converter circuit; and

in response to a fourth condition of the input characteristic information, selectively controls the buck control circuit to repeatedly switch between the OFF state and the ON state to enable the buck converter circuit which, when enabled, controllably decreases an input voltage applied to the buck converter circuit.

11. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 10 wherein the buck shunt switch of the buck converter comprises a diode.

12. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 10, further comprising:

a passive common mode EMI filter that includes a common mode EMI inductor and at least two bypass capacitors.

13. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 10 wherein the control circuit applies a pulse width modulated signal to a control node of the buck control switch to enable the buck converter circuit.

14. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 10 wherein the control circuit controls the buck control switch of the buck converter circuit to enable the buck converter circuit when a voltage at the input of the EMI-LC circuit is above a determined voltage level, and the control circuit controls the buck control switch of the buck converter circuit to disable the buck converter circuit when the voltage at the input of the EMI-LC circuit is at or below the determined voltage level.

15. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 1 wherein the control circuit comprises a pulse width modulation (PWM) control circuit and the noise source comprises a DC/DC switching power converter.

16. An electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and line-conditioning (EMI-LC) circuit, the EMI-LC circuit having an input coupleable to an output of an input power source and an output coupleable to an input of a noise source, the EMI-LC circuit comprising:

a passive differential mode EMI filter circuit that includes a differential mode EMI inductor and a differential mode EMI capacitor;

a passive common mode EMI filter that includes a common mode EMI inductor and at least two bypass EMI capacitors;

a boost converter circuit that includes a boost control switch controllable to be in an OFF state and an ON state, a boost output switch, the differential mode EMI inductor, and the differential mode EMI capacitor;

a transient limiter circuit that includes one of a linear regulator circuit or a switching regulator circuit, wherein in operation the switching regulator circuit utilizes the differential mode EMI inductor and the differential mode EMI capacitor;

a feedback circuit operably coupled to the input of the EMI-LC circuit to sense an input voltage level applied at the input of the EMI-LC circuit by the input power source; and

a control circuit operatively coupled to the feedback circuit to receive an input voltage level indication from the feedback circuit and operatively coupled to the boost control switch, the control circuit;

during a first time in response to a first condition of the input characteristic information, controls the boost control switch to be continuously in the OFF state to disable the boost converter circuit; and

during a second time in response to a second condition of the input characteristic information, selectively controls the boost control switch to repeatedly switch between the OFF state and the ON state to enable the boost converter circuit which, when enabled, increases an input voltage applied to the boost converter circuit.

17. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 16 wherein the boost output switch of the boost converter circuit comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), and the control circuit controls the boost output switch of the boost converter circuit to be in an ON state when the boost converter circuit is disabled and controls the boost output switch of the boost converter circuit to be in an OFF state when the boost converter circuit is enabled.

18. The EMI-LC circuit of claim 16 wherein the boost output switch of the boost converter comprises a diode.

19. A method of operation to control an electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter and line-conditioning (EMI-LC) circuit, the EMI-LC circuit having an input coupleable to an output of an input power source and an output coupleable to an input of a noise source, the EMI-LC circuit comprising:

a passive differential mode EMI filter circuit that includes a differential mode EMI inductor and a differential mode EMI capacitor;

a boost converter circuit that includes a boost control switch controllable to be in an ON state and an OFF state, a boost output switch, the differential mode EMI inductor, and the differential mode EMI capacitor;

a feedback circuit operably coupled to the input of the EMI-LC circuit to sense input characteristic information at the input of the EMI-LC circuit; and

a control circuit operatively coupled to the feedback circuit and the boost control switch, the method comprising;

receiving, at the control circuit from the feedback circuit, the input characteristic information;

during a first time in response to a first condition of the input characteristic information, controlling, via the control circuit, the boost control switch to be continuously in the OFF state to disable the boost converter circuit, and

during a second time in response to a second condition of the input characteristic information, controlling, via the control circuit, the boost control switch to repeatedly switch between the OFF state and the ON state to enable the boost converter circuit which, when enabled, controllably increases an input voltage applied to the boost converter circuit.

20. The method of claim 19 wherein the EMI-LC circuit comprises a buck converter circuit that includes a buck control switch, a buck shunt switch, the differential mode EMI inductor, and the differential mode EMI capacitor;

and the control circuit is operatively coupled to the buck control switch, the method further comprising;

in response to a third condition of the input characteristic information, controlling, via the control circuit, the buck control switch to be continuously in an ON state to disable the buck converter circuit; and

in response to a fourth condition of the input characteristic information, controlling, via the control circuit, the buck control switch to repeatedly switch between the OFF state and the ON state to enable the buck converter which, when enabled, controllably decreases an input voltage applied to the buck converter circuit.

21. The method of claim 20 wherein controlling the buck control switch comprises applying a pulse width modulated signal to a control node of the buck control switch to enable the buck converter circuit.

22. The method of claim 20 wherein controlling the buck control switch to enable the buck converter circuit comprises controlling the buck control switch of the buck converter circuit to enable the buck converter circuit when a voltage at the input of the EMI-LC circuit is above a determined voltage level;

and

controlling the buck control switch to disable the buck converter circuit comprises controlling the buck control switch of the buck converter circuit to disable the buck converter circuit when the voltage at the input of the EMI-LC circuit is at or below the determined voltage level.

23. The method of claim 19 wherein controlling the boost control switch comprises applying a pulse width modulated signal to a control node of the boost control switch to enable the boost converter circuit.

24. The method of claim 19 wherein the boost output switch of the boost converter circuit comprises a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), the method further comprising:

controlling, via the control circuit, the boost output switch of the boost converter circuit to be in an ON state when the boost converter circuit is disabled; and

controlling, via the control circuit, the boost output switch of the boost converter circuit to be in an OFF state when the boost converter circuit is enabled.

25. The method of claim 19 wherein controlling the boost control switch of the boost converter circuit to enable the boost converter circuit comprises controlling the boost control switch to enable the boost converter circuit when a voltage at the input of the EMI-LC circuit is below a determined voltage level, and controlling the boost control switch of the boost converter circuit to disable the boost converter circuit comprises controlling the boost control switch to disable the boost converter circuit when the voltage at the input of the EMI-LC circuit is at or above the determined voltage level.

26. The method of claim 19 wherein the EMI-LC includes a linear regulator circuit coupled between the input of the EMI-LC circuit and the output of the EMI-LC circuit, the linear regulator circuit includes a controllable linear pass element;

and the control circuit is operatively coupled to the linear pass element, the method further comprising;

controlling, via the control circuit, the linear pass element to increase a resistance of the linear pass element when a voltage at the input of the EMI-LC circuit is above a determined voltage level.