Usage metering based upon hardware aging

• US 9,177,119 B2
• Filed: 07/12/2012
• Issued: 11/03/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 04/17/2009
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Empire Technology Development LLC (Allied Inventors Management, LLC), Regents of the University of California (University of California)
• Original Assignee: Empire Technology Development LLC (Allied Inventors Management, LLC)
• Inventors: Potkonjak, Miodrag
• Primary Examiner(s): Coppola, Jacob C.
• Application Number:
  US13/547,194
• Publication Number:
  US 20120274480A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,209 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 21/10 Protecting distributed programs or content, e.g. vending or licensing of copyrighted material protection in video systems or pay television H04N7/16 ; Digital rights management [DRM]

Abstract

Techniques are generally disclosed for using an operating entity, including a method, apparatus, and/or system to control usage of the operating entity. In various embodiments, an in-use signal generator may be configured to generate at least one in-use signal, with the at least one in-use signal having a signal duration representative of at least one usage episode of the operating entity. An aging circuit may be coupled to the in-use signal generator and configured to output at least one age-affected signal in response to the at least one in-use signal. A metering module may be coupled to the aging circuit and, in response to the at least one age-affected signal, and configured to measure a signal characteristic of the at least one age-affected signal and translate the signal characteristic into a generated quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit.

Claims

1. An apparatus arranged to meter usage of a hardware unit, the apparatus comprising:

a signal generator effective to generate at least one signal, the at least one signal having a variable signal duration representative of at least a duration of one usage episode of the hardware unit;

an aging circuit, coupled to the signal generator, the aging circuit configured to receive the at least one signal, and generate at least one age-affected signal based at least in part on the at least one signal, the aging circuit including at least one circuit path having at least one circuit component with a component parameter, wherein the component parameter is subjected to aging effects caused by the at least one signal, and wherein the component parameter is increased delay through the aging circuit due to the aging effects;

a metering circuit coupled to the aging circuit, the metering circuit including at least one preset delay element and at least one programmable delay element, the preset delay element effective to provide a first signal delay, wherein the first signal delay is based on non-age related gate delays of the at least one circuit path, the programmable delay element effective to provide a second signal delay, wherein the second signal delay is based on age-related gate delays of the at least one circuit path, the metering circuit configured to;

receive the at least one age-affected signal;

measure the component parameter of the at least one age-affected signal; and

translate the measured component parameter into a generated quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit based at least in part on the first signal delay and the second signal delay, to indicate a quantity of usage of the hardware unit; and

a control circuit, coupled to the metering circuit, configured to selectively disable the hardware unit in response to the generated quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit indicating a preselected quantity of accumulative usage of the hardware unit.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the metering circuit is effective to translate the measured signal characteristic into a generated quantity of accumulative usage that is proportionate to a quantity of accumulative usage of the hardware unit.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein

the metering circuit is effective to translate the measured signal characteristic into a generated quantity of accumulative usage that is equal to a quantity of accumulative usage of the hardware unit.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a driver operatively coupled to the hardware unit and effective to operate the hardware unit.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the signal generator comprises a processor effective to operate a plurality of programming instructions to send the at least one signal to the aging circuit.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a memory coupled to the processor of the signal generator, and arranged to store the plurality of programming instructions.

7. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the signal characteristic is a signal value of the at least one-age affected signal and the metering circuit comprises:

a reference signal generator coupled to the processor of the signal generator and effective to receive a trigger signal and generate at least one measuring signal in response to the trigger signal; and

a signal comparator coupled to the aging circuit and the reference signal generator, the signal comparator effective to compare the signal value of the at least one age-affected signal with a signal value of the at least one measuring signal, and to generate at least one event-driven metering signal when the signal value of the at least one age-affected signal exceeds the signal value of the at least one measuring signal, with the signal value of the at least one measuring signal reflecting a preselected quantity of the accumulative usage of the aging circuit.

8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the reference signal generator comprises:

a triggered signal generator coupled to the processor of the signal generator to generate a triggered reference signal in response to the trigger signal;

wherein the at least one preset delay element is coupled between the reference signal generator and the signal comparator, wherein the preset delay element is effective to receive the reference signal, and to delay the reference signal to generate the at least one measuring signal, wherein the at least one preset delay element has a fixed quantity of delay, with the fixed quantity of delay being calculated to accommodate the preselected quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit.

9. The apparatus according to claim 8, wherein:

the reference signal generator of the metering circuit includes the at least one programmable delay element coupled between the triggered signal generator and the at least one preset delay element;

the processor of the signal generator is effective to send an additional usage signal to the at least one programmable delay element; and

the at least one programmable delay element is effective to delay the at least one measuring signal by a variable quantity of delay in response to the additional usage signal, the variable quantity of delay is calculated to accommodate an additional quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit.

10. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the signal comparator includes at least one arbiter coupled between the at least one preset delay element and the aging circuit, and wherein the signal comparator is effective to receive the at least one measuring signal and the at least one age-affected signal and arranged to generate the at least one event-driven metering signal when the signal value of the at least one age-affected signal is received after the signal value of the at least measuring signal.

11. The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the metering circuit further includes:

a signal comparator coupled to the aging circuit and the processor, wherein the signal comparator is effective to compare the at least one age-affected signal with the at least one measuring signals and arranged to generate at least one event-driven metering signal when a signal value of the at least one age-affected signal exceeds a signal value of the at least one measuring signal, the signal value of the at least one measuring signal reflecting a preselected quantity of the accumulative usage of the aging circuit.

12. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the metering circuit is effective to translate the measured signal characteristic into the generated quantity of accumulative usage based in part upon a premeasured correlated data pair of a preselected quantity of accumulative usage and a correlated signal characteristic.

13. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the metering circuit is effective to translate the measured signal characteristic into the generated quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit, to indicate a quantity of usage of the hardware unit, based at least in part on an application of a statistical optimization procedure.

14. A method to meter usage of a hardware unit, the method comprising:

generating at least one signal having variable signal duration representative of at least a duration of one usage episode of the hardware unit;

applying the at least one signal to an aging circuit to generate at least one age-affected signal, wherein the aging circuit includes at least one circuit path with at least one circuit component that has a parameter performance dependent on an accumulative usage of the aging circuit, and wherein the parameter performance is increased delay through the aging circuit due to the aging effects;

measuring the parameter performance of the at least one age-affected signal;

translating the measured parameter performance into a generated quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit, to indicate an quantity of usage of the hardware unit, wherein the translation is based on non-age related gate delays of the at least one circuit path simulated by at least one preset delay element and age-related gate delays of the at least one circuit path simulated by at least one programmable delay element, wherein translating is performed using a first signal delay and a second signal delay, wherein the first signal delay is based on the non-age related gate delays and wherein the second signal delay is based on the age-related gate delays; and

selectively disabling the hardware unit in response to the generated quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit indicating a preselected quantity of accumulative usage of the hardware unit.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein said generating the at least one signal comprises setting the variable signal duration to equal or be proportional to a duration of the at least one usage episode of the hardware unit so that the accumulative usage of the aging circuit is equal to or proportional to an accumulative usage of the hardware unit.

16. The method according to claim 14, further comprising operating the hardware unit with a driver.

17. The method according to claim 14, wherein the measured signal characteristic of the at least one age-affected signal corresponds to a signal value, wherein the measuring a signal characteristic and the translating the signal characteristic comprises:

generating at least one measuring signal in response to the generating of the at least one signal and comparing the at least one age-affected signal with the at least one measuring signal; and

wherein the translating of the measured signal characteristic comprises generating at least one event-driven metering signal when the at least one age-affected signal exceeds the at least one measuring signal, wherein the at least one measuring signal reflects a preselected quantity of the accumulative usage of the aging circuit.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein the measuring comprises delaying the at least one measuring signal by a preset fixed quantity of delay using the at least one preset delay element to accommodate the preselected quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the measuring further comprises additionally delaying the at least one measuring signal with a variable quantity of delay using the at least one programmable delay element to accommodate an additional quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit.

20. The method according to claim 18, further comprising:

measuring a correlated data pair of a preselected quantity of usage and a correlated signal value with a test aging circuit prior to a beginning of accumulative usage of the aging circuit; and

calculating the preset fixed delay quantity based upon the correlated data pair.

21. One or more tangible computer readable non-transitory storage media comprising a plurality of programming instructions stored therein, wherein the programming instructions, when executed by an apparatus, cause the apparatus to perform a method of metering usage of a hardware unit, the method comprising:

generating at least one signal using a signal generator on the apparatus, the at least one signal having a variable signal duration representative of at least one usage episode of a hardware unit of the apparatus;

receiving the at least one signal using an aging circuit on the apparatus;

generating at least one age-affected signal using the aging circuit, the aging circuit having at least one circuit path that includes at least one circuit component with a parameter performance dependent on an accumulative usage of the aging circuit, wherein the parameter performance is increased delay through the aging circuit due to the aging effects;

measuring the parameter performance of the at least one age-affected signal;

translating the measured parameter performance into a generated quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit, to indicate a quantity of usage of the hardware unit, wherein the translation is based on non-age related gate delays of the at least one circuit path simulated by at least one preset delay element and age-related gate delays of the at least one circuit path simulated by at least one programmable delay element, wherein translating is performed using a first signal delay and a second signal delay, wherein the first signal delay is based on the non-age related gate delays and wherein the second signal delay is based on the age-related gate delays; and

selectively disabling the hardware unit in response to the generated quantity of accumulative usage of the aging circuit indicating a preselected quantity of accumulative usage of the hardware unit.

22. The at least one storage medium according to claim 21, wherein the programming instructions, when executed, further cause the apparatus to operate the hardware unit.