Transponder

• US 9,177,244 B2
• Filed: 08/25/2014
• Issued: 11/03/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 05/05/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. (Analog Devices, Inc.)
• Inventors: Akbari-Dilmaghani, Rahim
• Primary Examiner(s): MCNALLY, KERRI L
• Application Number:
  US14/468,063
• Publication Number:
  US 20140361879A1
• Time in Patent Office: 435 Days
• Field of Search: 340/5.61, 340/10.1, 340/10.34, 3405721-5729, 340/5.2, 343/867, 235/375, 336/83
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07749 the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 19/07767 the first and second communication means being two different antennas types, e.g. dipole and coil type, or two antennas of the same kind but operating at different frequencies
• CPC Class Codes: G06K 7/10009 sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 1/3241 particular used in keyless entry systems
• CPC Class Codes: H01Q 7/00 Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop

Abstract

Proposed is a transponder for receiving a wireless electromagnetic interrogation signal and for transmitting a wireless electromagnetic response signal with a first coil acting as an antenna for generating a first wired electrical receive signal from the interrogation signal, and with at least one further coil acting as an antenna for generating a further wired electrical receive signal from the interrogation signal, wherein an axis of the first coil and an axis of the further coil are aligned differently in the space, wherein in each case one full-wave rectifier for rectifying the respective receive signal is assigned to the coils, wherein a summing element for summing up the rectified receive signals generated by the full-wave rectifiers is provided in order to generate in this manner a pulsating sum signal, the frequency of which corresponds to twice the frequency of the interrogation signal.

Claims

1. A transponder comprising:

a first antenna, coupled to receive an interrogation signal, the first antenna generates a first electrical signal from the interrogation signal;

a second antenna, coupled to receive the interrogation signal, the second antenna generates a second electrical signal from the interrogation signal, wherein a first axis of the first antenna and a second axis of the second antenna are aligned differently; and

a summing element, coupled to receive at least a portion of the first and second electrical signals, the summing element generates a pulsating sum signal from the at least a portion of the first and second electrical signals, the frequency of the pulsating sum signal being different from the frequency of the interrogation signal.

2. The transponder of claim 1 further comprising:

a plurality of full-wave rectifiers, coupled to the first antenna and the second antenna, the plurality of full-wave rectifiers rectifying the first and second electrical signals and providing absolute values the rectified first and second electrical signals to the signal summer.

3. The transponder of claim 1 wherein the frequency of the pulsating sum signal is greater than the frequency of the interrogation signal.

4. The transponder of claim 3 wherein the frequency of the pulsating sum signal is twice the frequency of the interrogation signal.

5. The transponder of claim 1 further comprising:

a third antenna, coupled to receive the interrogation signal, the third antenna generates a third electrical signal from the interrogation signal, the axes of the first, second and third antennae are aligned differently.

6. The transponder of claim 5 wherein the axes of the first, second and third antennae are perpendicular to each other.

7. The transponder of claim 1 wherein a comparator is coupled to the summing element and compares the pulsating sum signal with a reference signal in order to generate a first clock signal, the frequency of the first clock signal being a multiple of the frequency of the interrogation signal.

8. The transponder according to claim 7 wherein the multiple is two.

9. The transponder of claim 7 further comprising:

at least one low pass filter coupled to receive at least a portion of the pulsating sum signal, the at least one low pass filter generates a filtered pulsating sum signal that functions as the reference signal provided to the comparator.

10. A method for generating a time base signal related from an interrogation signal, the method comprising:

generating a first electrical signal derived from the interrogation signal received at a first antenna, the first antenna having a first axis;

generating a second electrical signal derived from the interrogation signal received at a second antenna, the second antenna having a second axis aligned differently than the first axis;

rectifying the first and second electrical signals; and

summing the rectified first and second electrical signal, and generating a pulsating sum signal having a frequency that is different from the frequency of the interrogation signal by a factor.

11. The method of claim 10 further comprising the steps of:

generating a third electrical signal derived from the interrogation signal received at a third antenna, the third antenna having a third axis aligned differently than the first and second axes;

rectifying the third electrical signal; and

summing the rectified third electrical signal with the first and second electrical signals, wherein the pulsating sum signal is partially derived from the rectified third electrical signal.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the axes of the first, second and third antennae are perpendicular to each other.

13. The method of claim 10 wherein the factor is an integer greater or less than one.

14. The method of claim 10 further comprising the step of:

comparing the pulsating sum signal with a reference sign to generate a first clock signal, a clock frequency of the first clock signal corresponding to the frequency of the pulsating sum signal.

15. The method of claim 14 further comprising the step of:

filtering at least a portion of the pulsating sum signal, the filtered pulsating sum signal functioning as the reference signal that is used in generating first clock signal.

16. The method of claim 14 further comprising the step of:

providing the first clock signal to a frequency divider to generate a second clock signal with a lower frequency, the second clock signal being equal to the frequency of the interrogation signal.

17. A transponder comprising:

a first antenna, coupled to receive the interrogation signal, the first antenna generates a first electrical signal from the interrogation signal;

a second antenna, coupled to receive the interrogation signal, the second antenna generates a second electrical signal from the interrogation signal;

a third antenna, coupled to receive the interrogation signal, the third antenna generates a third electrical signal from the interrogation signal, the axes of the first, second and third antennae are aligned differently;

a first full-wave rectifier coupled to the first antenna, the first full-wave rectifier rectifying the first electrical signal;

a second full-wave rectifier coupled to the second antenna, the second full-wave rectifier rectifying the second electrical signal;

a third full-wave rectifier coupled to the third antenna, the third full-wave rectifier rectifying the third electrical signal;

a summing element, coupled to receive at least a portion of the first, second and third rectified electrical signals, the summing element generates a pulsating sum signal having a frequency different from the frequency of the interrogation signal by a factor;

a comparator coupled to the summing element, the comparator compares the pulsating sum signal with a reference signal in order to generate a first clock signal, a frequency of the first clock signal corresponding to the frequency of the pulsating sum signal.

18. The transponder of claim 17 wherein the factor is an integer.

19. The transponder of claim 17 wherein the axes of the first, second and third antennae are perpendicular to each other.