Producing routing messages for voice over IP communications

• US 9,179,005 B2
• Filed: 08/13/2013
• Issued: 11/03/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 11/02/2006
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: VoIP-Pal.com, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Digifonica (International) Limited (VoIP-Pal.com, Inc.)
• Inventors: Perreault, Clay, Nicholson, Steve, Thomson, Rod, Bjorsell, Johan Emil Viktor, Arafa, Fuad
• Primary Examiner(s): SING, SIMON P
• Application Number:
  US13/966,096
• Publication Number:
  US 20130329722A1
• Time in Patent Office: 812 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 39/39558 against tumor tissues, cells, antigens
• CPC Class Codes: A61K 45/06 Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
• CPC Class Codes: C07K 16/18 against material from animals or humans
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/14 Charging , metering or billing arrangements for data wireline or wireless communications
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/1439 time-based
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/1496 involving discounts
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 12/66 Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 45/3065 for real time traffic
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 61/5007 Internet protocol [IP] addresses
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1033 Signalling gateways
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 65/1069 Session establishment or de-establishment
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 9/3226 using a predetermined code, e.g. password, passphrase or PIN network architectures or network communication protocols for supporting authentication of entities using passwords in a packet data network H04L63/083
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 15/06 Recording class or number of calling , i.e. A-party or called party , i.e. B-party
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 15/51 for resellers, retailers or service providers
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 15/56 for VoIP communications
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 15/63 based on the content carried by the session initiation protocol [SIP] messages
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 15/8033 location-dependent, e.g. business or home
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 15/8055 Selecting cheaper transport technology for a given service
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 15/8083 involving reduced rates or discounts, e.g. time-of-day reductions or volume discounts
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 15/8228 Session based
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 15/887 : limit per user or user related number
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 15/888 : severing connection after predetermined time or data
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 3/4211 : where the identifier is used to access a profile
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 7/006 : Networks other than PSTN/ISDN providing telephone service, e.g. Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) , including next generation networks with a packet-switched transport layer H04L65/00 takes precedence; aspects not specific to the type of network H04M3/00; special services in those networks H04M3/42
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 7/0075 : Details of addressing, directories or routing tables
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2213/13091 : CLI, identification of calling line
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2213/13141 : Hunting for free outlet, circuit or channel
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2213/13196 : Connection circuit/link/trunk/junction, bridge, router, gateway
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2213/1322 : PBX
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 2213/13384 : Inter-PBX traffic, PBX networks, e.g. corporate networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 3/66 : Traffic distributors
• CPC Class Codes: H04Q 3/70 : Identification of class of calling subscriber

Abstract

A process and apparatus to facilitate communication between callers and callees in a system comprising a plurality of nodes with which callers and callees are associated is disclosed. In response to initiation of a call by a calling subscriber, a caller identifier and a callee identifier are received. Call classification criteria associated with the caller identifier are used to classify the call as a public network call or a private network call. A routing message identifying an address, on the private network, associated with the callee is produced when the call is classified as a private network call and a routing message identifying a gateway to the public network is produced when the call is classified as a public network call.

Claims

1. A process for producing a routing message for routing communications between a caller and a callee in a communication system, the process comprising:

using a caller identifier associated with the caller to locate a caller dialing profile comprising a plurality of calling attributes associated with the caller;

when at least one of said calling attributes and at least a portion of a callee identifier associated with the callee meet private network classification criteria, producing a private network routing message for receipt by a call controller, said private network routing message identifying an address, on the private network, associated with the callee; and

when at least one of said calling attributes and at least a portion of said callee identifier meet a public network classification criterion, producing a public network routing message for receipt by the call controller, said public network routing message identifying a gateway to the public network.

2. The process of claim 1, wherein said private network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier does not begin with the same digit pattern as an international dialing digit (IDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

b) said callee identifier does not begin with the same digit pattern as a national dialing digit (NDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

c) said callee identifier does not begin with the same area code as an area code of said caller; and

d) said callee identifier does not have a length that is within a range of caller local number lengths; and

e) said callee identifier is a valid username.

3. The process of claim 2, further comprising identifying the call as a cross-domain call on the private network when said callee identifier identifies a callee that is not associated with the same network node as said caller.

4. The process of claim 2, further comprising:

locating a callee dialing profile for the callee when said callee identifier identifies a callee that is associated with the same network node as said caller; and

retrieving call handling information associated with the callee, where said call handing information is available, said call handing information including at least one of call blocking information, call forwarding information, and voicemail information.

5. The process of claim 4, further comprising, where said call handling information including said call blocking information is available, blocking the call when said call blocking information identifies the caller as a caller from whom calls are to be blocked from being established with the callee.

6. The process of claim 4, further comprising, where said call handling information including said call forwarding information is available, causing said call forwarding information to be included in said private network routing message.

7. The process of claim 4, further comprising, where said call handling information including said voicemail information is available, causing said voicemail information to be included in said private network routing message.

8. The process of claim 1, further comprising associating at least one direct inward dial (DID) record with at least one subscriber to said communication system, each of said at least one direct inward dial records comprising a field storing a direct inward dial number associated with said at least one subscriber.

9. The process of claim 8, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier begins with the same digit pattern as an international dialing digit (IDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by removing the IDD attribute from said callee identifier has no DID bank table record.

10. The process of claim 8, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier begins with the same digit pattern as a national dialing digit (NDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by removing the NDD attribute from said callee identifier and including a caller country code has no DID bank table record.

11. The process of claim 8, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier begins with the same area code as an area code of said caller; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by reformatting the callee identifier to include a caller country code has no DID bank table record.

12. The process of claim 8, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier has a length that is within a range of caller local number lengths; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by reformatting the callee identifier to include a caller country code and area code has no DID bank table record.

13. The process of claim 1, wherein said plurality of calling attributes includes at least one of an international dialing digits identifier, a national dialing digits identifier, a country code identifier, a local area codes identifier, a caller minimum local length identifier, a caller maximum local length identifier, a reseller identifier, and a maximum number of concurrent calls identifier.

14. The process of claim 8, wherein said DID record comprises a user name field, a user domain field and a DID number field.

15. The process of claim 1, further comprising maintaining a list of public network route suppliers and when said public network classification criterion is met identifying at least one of said public network route suppliers that satisfies public network routing selection criteria.

16. The process of claim 15, wherein said producing said public network routing message comprises producing a public network routing message identifying said at least one public network route supplier that satisfies said public network routing selection criteria.

17. The process of claim 16, wherein producing said public network routing message comprises causing said public network routing message to include a gateway supplier identifier identifying a gateway supplier able to establish a communications link in a route through which communications between the caller and callee are to be conducted.

18. The process of claim 17, further comprising causing said public network routing message to include a time value and a timeout value.

19. The process of claim 17, wherein causing said public network routing message to include said gateway supplier identifier comprises causing said public network routing message to include a plurality of gateway supplier identifiers identifying a plurality of gateway suppliers able to supply respective communication links through which communications between the caller and callee can be conducted.

20. The process of claim 19, further comprising causing said public network routing message to include priority information identifying a priority in which gateway suppliers associated with said gateway identifiers are to be considered for selection of a communication link through which communications between the caller and callee can be conducted.

21. The process of claim 19, wherein causing said public network routing message to include priority information includes arranging said gateway supplier identifiers in said public network routing message in order of rate, where rate is determined from rate fields of respective said gateway supplier records.

22. The process of claim 21, wherein arranging said gateway supplier identifiers in order of rate comprises arranging said gateway supplier identifiers in order of increasing rate.

23. The process of claim 17, further comprising arranging said gateway supplier identifiers in an order based on at least one provision in a service agreement.

24. The process of claim 1, further comprising causing the private network routing message or the public network routing message to be communicated to a call controller to effect routing of the call.

25. A non-transitory computer readable medium encoded with codes for directing a processor to execute the method of claim 1.

26. A call routing controller apparatus for producing a routing message for routing communications between a caller and a callee in a communication system, the apparatus comprising:

at least one processor operably configured to;

use a caller identifier associated with the caller to locate a caller dialing profile comprising a plurality of calling attributes associated with the caller;

when at least one of said calling attributes and at least a portion of a callee identifier associated with the callee meet private network classification criteria, produce a private network routing message for receipt by a call controller, said private network routing message identifying an address, on the private network, associated with the callee; and

when at least one of said calling attributes and at least a portion of said callee identifier meet a public network classification criterion, produce a public network routing message for receipt by the call controller, said public network routing message identifying a gateway to the public network.

27. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said private network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier does not begin with the same digit pattern as an international dialing digit (IDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

b) said callee identifier does not begin with the same digit pattern as a national dialing digit (NDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

c) said callee identifier does not begin with the same area code as an area code of said caller; and

d) said callee identifier does not have a length that is within a range of caller local number lengths; and

e) said callee identifier is a valid username.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein said at least one processor is further operably configured to identify the call as a cross-domain call on the private network when said callee identifier identifies a callee that is not associated with the same network node as said caller.

29. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein said at least one processor is further configured to:

access the database of caller dialing profiles to locate a callee dialing profile for the callee when said callee identifier identifies a callee that is associated with the same network node as said caller; and

retrieve call handling information associated with the callee, where said call handing information is available, said call handing information including at least one of call blocking information, call forwarding information, and voicemail information.

30. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein said at least one processor is further operably configured to determine whether said call handling information including said call blocking information is available and to block the call when said call blocking information identifies the caller as a caller from whom calls are to be blocked.

31. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein said at least one processor is further operably configured to determine whether said call handling information including said call forwarding information is available and to cause said call forwarding information to be included in said private network routing message.

32. The apparatus of claim 29, wherein said at least one processor is further operably configured to determine whether said call handling information including said voicemail information is available and to cause said voicemail information to be included in said private network routing message.

33. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said at least one processor is further operably configured to access a database of direct inward dial records each associating at least one direct inward dial number with at least one subscriber to said communication system.

34. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier begins with the same digit pattern as an international dialing digit (IDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by removing the IDD attribute from said callee identifier has no DID record.

35. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier begins with the same digit pattern as a national dialing digit (NDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by removing the NDD attribute from said callee identifier and including a caller country code has no DID record.

36. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier begins with the same area code as an area code of said caller; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by reformatting the callee identifier to include a caller country code has no DID record.

37. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier has a length that is within a range of caller local number lengths; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by reformatting the callee identifier to include a caller country code and area code has no DID record.

38. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said plurality of calling attributes includes at least one of an international dialing digits identifier, a national dialing digits identifier, a country code identifier, a local area codes identifier, a caller minimum local length identifier, a caller maximum local length identifier, a reseller identifier, and a maximum number of concurrent calls identifier.

39. The apparatus of claim 33, wherein said DID record comprises a user name field, a user domain field and a DID number field.

40. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said at least one processor is further operably configured to access a list of public network route suppliers when said public network classification criterion is met and to identify at least one of said public network route suppliers that satisfies public network routing selection criteria.

41. The apparatus of claim 40, wherein said at least one processor is further operably configured to produce a public network routing message identifying said at least one public network route supplier that satisfies said public network routing selection criteria.

42. The apparatus of claim 41, wherein said at least one processor is operably configured to cause said public network routing message to include a gateway supplier identifier identifying a gateway supplier able to establish a communications link in a route through which communications between the caller and callee can be conducted.

43. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein said at least one processor is operably configured to cause said public network routing message to include a time value and a timeout value.

44. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein said at least one processor is operably configured to cause said public network routing message to include a plurality of gateway supplier identifiers identifying a plurality of gateway suppliers able to supply respective communication links through which communications between the caller and callee can be conducted.

45. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein said at least one processor is operably configured to cause said public network routing message to include priority information identifying a priority in which gateway suppliers associated with said gateway identifiers are to be considered for selection of a communication link through which communications between the caller and callee can be conducted.

46. The apparatus of claim 44, wherein said at least one processor is operably configured to arrange said gateway supplier identifiers in said public network routing message in order of rate, where rate is determined from rate fields of respective said gateway supplier records.

47. The apparatus of claim 46, wherein said at least one processor is operably configured to arrange said gateway supplier identifiers in order of increasing rate.

48. The apparatus of claim 42, wherein said at least one processor is operably configured to arrange said gateway supplier identifiers in an order based on at least one provision in a service agreement.

49. The apparatus of claim 26, wherein said at least one processor is further operably configured to cause the private network routing message or the public network routing message to be communicated to a call controller to effect routing of the call.

50. A call routing controller apparatus for producing a routing message for routing communications between a caller and a callee in a communication system, the apparatus comprising:

means for using a caller identifier associated with the caller to locate a caller dialing profile comprising a plurality of calling attributes associated with the caller; and

means for, when at least one of said calling attributes and at least a portion of a callee identifier associated with the callee meet private network classification criteria, producing a private network routing message for receipt by a call controller, said private network routing message identifying an address, on the private network, associated with the callee; and

means for, when at least one of said calling attributes and at least a portion of said callee identifier meet a public network classification criterion, producing a public network routing message for receipt by the call controller, said public network routing message identifying a gateway to the public network.

51. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein said private network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier does not begin with the same digit pattern as an international dialing digit (IDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

b) said callee identifier does not begin with the same digit pattern as a national dialing digit (NDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

c) said callee identifier does not begin with the same area code as an area code of said caller; and

d) said callee identifier does not have a length that is within a range of caller local number lengths; and

e) said callee identifier is a valid username.

52. The apparatus of claim 51, further comprising means for identifying the call as a cross-domain call on the private network when said callee identifier identifies a callee that is not associated with the same network node as said caller.

53. The apparatus of claim 51, further comprising:

means for accessing the database of caller dialing profiles to locate a callee dialing profile for the callee when said callee identifier identifies a callee that is associated with the same network node as said caller; and

means for retrieving call handling information associated with the callee, where said call handing information is available, said call handing information including at least one of call blocking information, call forwarding information, and voicemail information.

54. The apparatus of claim 53, further comprising, where said call handling information including said call blocking information is available, means for blocking the call being established with the callee when said call blocking information identifies the caller as a caller from whom calls are to be blocked.

55. The apparatus of claim 53, further comprising, means for causing said call forwarding information to be included in said private network routing message, where said call handling information including said call forwarding information is available.

56. The apparatus of claim 53, further comprising, where said call handling information including said voicemail information is available, means for causing said voicemail information to be included in said private network routing message.

57. The apparatus of claim 50, further comprising means for accessing a database of direct inward dial records each associating at least one direct inward dial number with at least one subscriber to said communication system.

58. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier begins with the same digit pattern as an international dialing digit (IDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by removing the IDD attribute from said callee identifier has no DID record.

59. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier begins with the same digit pattern as a national dialing digit (NDD) attribute of said callee identifier; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by removing the NDD attribute from said callee identifier and including a caller country code has no DID record.

60. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier begins with the same area code as an area code of said caller; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by reformatting the callee identifier to include a caller country code has no DID record.

61. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein said public network classification criteria include:

a) said callee identifier has a length that is within a range of caller local number lengths; and

b) a reformatted callee identifier produced by reformatting the callee identifier to include a caller country code and area code has no DID record.

62. The apparatus of claim 50, wherein said plurality of calling attributes includes at least one of an international dialing digits identifier, a national dialing digits identifier, a country code identifier, a local area codes identifier, a caller minimum local length identifier, a caller maximum local length identifier, a reseller identifier, and a maximum number of concurrent calls identifier.

63. The apparatus of claim 57, wherein said DID record comprises a user name field, a user domain field and a DID number field.

64. The apparatus of claim 50, further comprising means for accessing a list of public network route suppliers when said public network classification criterion is met and means for identifying at least one of said public network route suppliers that satisfies public network routing selection criteria.

65. The apparatus of claim 64, wherein said means for producing said public network routing message comprises means for producing a public network routing message identifying said at least one public network route supplier that satisfies said public network routing selection criteria.

66. The apparatus of claim 65, wherein said means for producing said public network routing message comprises means for causing said public network routing message to include a gateway supplier identifier identifying a gateway supplier able to establish a communications link in a route through which communications between the caller and callee can be conducted.

67. The apparatus of claim 66, further comprising means for causing said public network routing message to include a time value and a timeout value.

68. The apparatus of claim 66, wherein said means for causing said public network routing message to include said gateway supplier identifier comprises means for causing said public network routing message to include a plurality of gateway supplier identifiers identifying a plurality of gateway suppliers able to supply respective communication links through which communications between the caller and callee can be conducted.

69. The apparatus of claim 68, further comprising means for causing said public network routing message to include priority information identifying a priority in which gateway suppliers associated with said gateway identifiers are to be considered for selection of a communication link through which communications between the caller and callee can be conducted.

70. The apparatus of claim 68, wherein said means for causing said public network routing message to include priority information includes means for arranging said gateway supplier identifiers in said public network routing message in order of rate, where rate is determined from rate fields of respective said gateway supplier records.

71. The apparatus of claim 70, wherein said means for arranging said gateway supplier identifiers in order of rate comprises means for arranging said gateway supplier identifiers in order of increasing rate.

72. The apparatus of claim 66, further comprising means for arranging said gateway supplier identifiers in an order based on at least one provision in a service agreement.

73. The apparatus of claim 50, further comprising means for causing the private network routing message or the public network routing message to be communicated to a call controller to effect routing of the call.

74. A method of routing communications in a packet switched network in which a first participant identifier is associated with a first participant and a second participant identifier is associated with a second participant in a communication, the method comprising:

after the first participant has accessed the packet switched network to initiate the communication, using the first participant identifier to locate a first participant profile comprising a plurality of attributes associated with the first participant;

when at least one of the first participant attributes and at least a portion of the second participant identifier meet a first network classification criterion, producing a first network routing message for receipt by a controller, the first network routing message identifying an address in a first portion of the packet switched network, the address being associated with the second participant, the first portion being controlled by an entity; and

when at least one of the first participant attributes and at least a portion of the second participant identifier meet a second network classification criterion, producing a second network routing message for receipt by the controller, the second network routing message identifying an address in a second portion of the packet switched network, the second portion not controlled by the entity.

75. The method of claim 74, wherein the packet switched network comprises the Internet.

76. The method of claim 74, wherein the first participant identifier comprises a first participant telephone number or username.

77. The method of claim 74, wherein the second participant identifier comprises a second participant telephone number or username.

78. The method of claim 74, wherein the communication comprises a voice-over-IP communication.

79. The method of claim 74, wherein the packet switched network is accessed via an Internet service provider.

80. The method of claim 74, wherein the first participant profile further comprises a username and a domain associated with first participant.

81. The method of claim 74, wherein the attributes comprise at least one of an international dialing digit (IDD), a national dialing digit (NDD), an area code, a country code and a number length range.

82. The method of claim 74, wherein the first network classification criterion is satisfied when the first participant identifier does not begin with the same international dialing digit (IDD) digit pattern as the second participant identifier.

83. The method of claim 74, wherein the first network classification criterion is satisfied when an address associated with the first participant and the address associated with the second participant are both in the first portion of the packet switched network.

84. The method of claim 74, wherein the address in the first portion is accessible through the first participant'"'"'s Internet service provider.

85. The method of claim 74, wherein the first portion comprises one or more supernodes.

86. The method of claim 74, further comprising storing in a database a direct inward dial (DID) record associated with at least one of the first participant and the second participant.

87. The method of claim 86, wherein the stored DID record for the second participant comprises a username, a user domain and a record number.

88. The method of claim 74, wherein the entity is an entity supplying communication services for the first portion.

89. The method of claim 74, wherein the second network classification criterion is satisfied when access to the second participant requires routing through a portion of the packet switched network operated by a communication service supplier.

90. The method of claim 86, wherein the second network classification criterion is satisfied when the second participant identifier is not associated with a stored DID record in the database.

91. The method of claim 86, wherein the second network classification criterion is satisfied when:

the second participant identifier begins with the same international dialing digit (IDD) digit pattern as the first participant identifier; and

the second participant identifier, without considering the IDD digit pattern, has no stored DID record in the database.

92. The method of claim 74, wherein the address in the second portion of the packet switched network comprises an address accessed by a communication service supplier.

93. The method of claim 74, wherein producing the second network routing message identifying the address in the second portion comprises searching a database of route records associating route identifiers with dialing codes, in an attempt to find a route record having a dialing code with a number pattern matching at least a portion of second participant identifier.

94. A system for routing communications in a packet switched network in which a first participant in a communication has an associated first participant identifier and a second participant in the communication has an associated second participant identifier, the system comprising:

a controller comprising;

a processor operably configured to access a memory,

wherein the processor is configured to;

after the first participant has accessed the packet switched network to initiate the communication, locate a first participant profile in the memory using the first participant identifier, the first participant profile comprising a plurality of attributes associated with the first participant;

produce a first network routing message when at least one of the first participant attributes and at least a portion of the second participant identifier meet a first network classification criterion, the first network routing message identifying an address in a first portion of the packet switched network, the address being associated with the second participant, the first portion being controlled by an entity; and

produce a second network routing message when at least one of the first participant attributes and at least a portion of the second participant identifier meet a second network classification criterion, the second network routing message identifying an address in a second portion of the packet switched network, the second portion not controlled by the entity.

95. The system of claim 94, wherein the communication comprises a voice-over-IP communication.

96. The system of claim 94, wherein the packet switched network is accessed via an Internet service provider.

97. The system of claim 94, wherein the first network classification criterion is satisfied when the first participant identifier does not begin with the same international dialing digit (IDD) digit pattern as the second participant identifier.

98. The system of claim 94, wherein the second network classification criterion is satisfied when access to the second participant requires routing through a portion of the packet switched network operated by a communication service supplier.

99. A non-transitory computer readable medium comprising instructions that when executed cause a processor to perform a method of routing communications in a packet switched network in which a first participant identifier is associated with a first participant and a second participant identifier is associated with a second participant in a communication, the method comprising:

after the first participant has accessed the packet switched network to initiate the communication, using the first participant identifier to locate a first participant profile comprising a plurality of attributes associated with the first participant;

when at least one of the first participant attributes and at least a portion of the second participant identifier meet a first network classification criterion, producing a first network routing message for receipt by a controller, the first network routing message identifying an address in a first portion of the packet switched network, the address being associated with the second participant, the first portion being controlled by an entity; and

when at least one of the first participant attributes and at least a portion of the second participant identifier meet a second network classification criterion, producing a second network routing message for receipt by the controller, the second network routing message identifying an address in a second portion of the packet switched network, the second portion not controlled by the entity.