Surgical tools for arthroplasty

• US 9,186,161 B2
• Filed: 12/23/2011
• Issued: 11/17/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 05/25/2001
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Conformis Incorporated
• Original Assignee: Conformis Incorporated
• Inventors: Lang, Philipp, Fitz, Wolfgang, Bojarski, Ray, Steines, Daniel, Burdulis, Albert G. Jr., Vargas-Voracek, Rene
• Primary Examiner(s): Philogene, Pedro
• Application Number:
  US13/336,543
• Publication Number:
  US 20120101503A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,425 Days
• Field of Search: 606/80, 606/86.R, 606 87- 89, 606 96- 98, 623/14.12, 623/21.18, 623/20.35, 623/18.11, 623/21.11, 600/587
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/154 for preparing bone for knee prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/155 Cutting femur
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/157 Cutting tibia
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/158 Cutting patella
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1666 for the acetabulum
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1668 for the upper femur A61B17/164 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1675 for the knee
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1739 specially adapted for particular parts of the body
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1746 for the acetabulum
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 17/1767 for the patella
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2017/568 produced with shape and dimensions specific for an individual patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/102 Modelling of surgical devices, implants or prosthesis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/105 Modelling of the patient, e.g. for ligaments or bones
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/108 Computer aided selection or customisation of medical implants or cutting guides
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2034/2055 Optical tracking systems
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2090/063 for measuring volume
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/10 Computer-aided planning, simulation or modelling of surgical operations
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 34/20 Surgical navigation systems; Devices for tracking or guiding surgical instruments, e.g. for frameless stereotaxis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/103 Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes A61B5/08 takes precedence; measuring aids for tailors A41H1/00; measuring instruments specially adapted for dentistry A61C19/04
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4504 Bones A61B5/4547 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4514 : Cartilage
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4523 : Tendons
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4528 : Joints A61B5/4533, A61B5/4538 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4533 : Ligaments
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 90/06 : Measuring instruments not otherwise provided for
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30756 : Cartilage endoprostheses A61F2/3603 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/30942 : for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/38 : for elbows or knees
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2/3877 : Patellae or trochleae
• CPC Class Codes: A61F 2002/3895 : unicompartimental
• CPC Class Codes: B33Y 80/00 : Products made by additive manufacturing

Abstract

A patellar 3-D guidance tool includes a template. The template includes at least one contact surface for engaging a surface of the patella. The at least one contact surface substantially conforms with the surface associated with the patellar. At least one guide aperture directs movement of a surgical instrument, wherein the shape and/or position of the guide aperture is based, at least in part, on three or more anatomic reference points associated with the patellar.

Claims

1. A surgical system including an articular repair system and a surgical instrument for use in surgically repairing a joint of a patient, the surgical instrument comprising:

a mold having an internal surface that includes joint information derived from image data of the joint of the patient; and

two or more guide holes, each configured to guide a surgical pin, wherein at least one of the two or more guide holes has a position and/or orientation based on anatomical information of the joint of the patient to facilitate the placement of the articular repair system when the internal surface of the mold is aligned with the joint of the patient, wherein the articular repair system has a predetermined rotation angle and wherein the position and/or orientation is based on the predetermined rotation angle.

2. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the articular repair system includes one or more implant components selected for the patient from preexisting systems.

3. The surgical system of claim 2, wherein the selected one or more implant components are further shaped based on the image data of the joint of the patient.

4. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the articular repair system includes one or more implant components designed for the patient using the image data of the joint of the patient.

5. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the internal surface of the surgical instrument substantially conforms to the shape of a surface of the joint of the patient, wherein the surface of the joint includes a cartilage surface of the joint.

6. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the internal surface substantially conforms to the shape of a surface of the joint of the patient, wherein the surface of the joint includes a subchondral bone surface of the joint.

7. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the internal surface substantially conforms to the shape of a surface of the joint of the patient, wherein the surface of the joint includes a cartilage surface of the joint and a subchondral bone surface of the joint.

8. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the anatomical information is information regarding an axis of the patient.

9. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the anatomical information is information regarding an alignment of the joint of the patient.

10. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the anatomical information is information regarding a deformity of the joint of the patient.

11. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the anatomical information is information regarding another joint of the patient.

12. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the internal surface includes information regarding an estimated cartilage thickness of the joint of the patient.

13. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the joint is one of a hip, knee, ankle, shoulder, elbow and wrist joint.

14. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the guide hole further comprises a stop configured to cooperate with a surgical drill to provide a predetermined drilling depth.

15. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the joint of the patient is a knee joint, wherein at least one guide hole of the two or more guide holes is configured to guide a surgical pin on a medial tibial plateau of the knee joint.

16. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the joint of the patient is a knee joint, wherein at least one guide hole of the two or more guide holes is configured to guide a surgical pin on a lateral tibial plateau of the knee joint.

17. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the joint of the patient is a knee joint, wherein at least one guide hole of the two or more guide holes is configured to guide a surgical pin on a medial femoral condyle of the knee joint.

18. The surgical system of claim 1, wherein the joint of the patient is a knee joint, wherein at least one guide hole of the two or more guide holes is configured to guide a surgical pin on a lateral femoral condyle of the knee joint.

19. A surgical system including an articular repair system and a surgical instrument for use in surgically repairing a joint of a patient, the surgical instrument comprising:

a mold having an internal surface that substantially conforms to the shape of the joint of the patient and includes joint information derived from image data of the joint of the patient; and

two or more guide holes, each configured to guide a surgical pin, wherein the position and/or orientation of at least one of the two or more guide holes includes anatomical information of the joint of the patient to facilitate the placement of the articular repair system when the internal surface of the mold is aligned with and substantially conforms to the shape of the joint of the patient, wherein the articular repair system has a predetermined rotation angle and wherein the position and/or orientation is based on the predetermined rotation angle.