System, method, and computer program product for indicating hostile fire

• US 9,196,041 B2
• Filed: 03/14/2013
• Issued: 11/24/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 03/14/2013
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Lockheed Martin Corporation (Martin Marietta Corporation)
• Inventors: Moraites, Stephen C., McPhail, Shawn, Sobiski, Donald
• Primary Examiner(s): HESS, DANIEL A
• Application Number:
  US13/804,513
• Publication Number:
  US 20150310603A1
• Time in Patent Office: 985 Days
• Field of Search: 235/404, 235/411
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G01B 11/00 Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 2005/0077 Imaging
• CPC Class Codes: G01J 5/00 Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
• CPC Class Codes: G06G 7/80 for gunlaying; for bomb aiming; for guiding missiles
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/10048 Infrared image
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30212 Military
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 2207/30241 Trajectory
• CPC Class Codes: G06T 7/20 Analysis of motion motion estimation for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals H04N19/43, H04N19/51
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/13 Satellite images
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/17 taken from planes or by drones
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/20 for generating image signals from infrared radiation only
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 23/69 Control of means for changing angle of the field of view, e.g. optical zoom objectives or electronic zooming
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/33 Transforming infrared radiation cameras or camera modules for generating image signals from infrared radiation H04N23/20; circuitry of SSIS for transforming infrared radiation into image signals H04N25/20
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 5/44 Receiver circuitry for the reception of television signals according to analogue transmission standards H04N5/14 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H04N 7/183 for receiving images from a single remote source

Abstract

A network for indicating and communicating detection of hostile fire, and systems, methods, and computer program products thereof. Hostile fire is optically detected and identified at a first vehicle and such identification is transmitted from the first vehicle to one or more other vehicles in the network. Data regarding hostile fire directed at the first vehicle can be stored at one or more of the other vehicles and even retransmitted to other vehicles or base stations.

Claims

1. A network for communicating detection of hostile fire, the network comprising:

a first system mountable at a first position, the first system being operative during the day and at night to determine whether the first position is an intended target of a fired unguided energetic projectile, the first system including;

an infrared (IR) camera mountable at the first position, said IR camera having a field of view (FOV) and a predetermined sensitivity sufficient to capture a heat signature of the fired unguided energetic projectile, the heat signature including at least one of a firing component generated upon firing of the projectile, a tracer-related component, and a friction component generated by friction as the projectile travels through the troposphere, pixels of the IR camera being operative to capture a portion of a trail of energy associated with the heat signature of the fired projectile;

an image processor operative to receive signals from said IR camera corresponding to the captured portion of the trail of energy, said image processor being operative to post-process in substantially real time the signals from said IR camera and to make a determination as to whether the first position was the intended target of the fired projectile by analyzing calculated vertical and horizontal miss distances of the fired projectile, the vertical and horizontal miss distances being calculated based on a product of the vertical and horizontal pixel trails, respectively, in the captured portion of the trail of energy as functions of time and projectile velocity,

wherein horizontal and vertical miss distances are measured based on the rate of change the projectile trail (first derivative) and the rate of rate of change of the projectile trail (second derivative), where the first derivative is calculated by

2. The network of claim 1, wherein the second system includes:

a receiver to receive the signals indicating that the first position is subject to hostile fire; and

an alert system operatively to generate timely audible, visible, and/or tactile hostile fire indication in response to the received signals indicating that the first position is subject to hostile fire.

3. The network according to claim 1, wherein each of the first and second positions is one of a helicopter, a ship, an aircraft, a ground vehicle, a building, and a person.

4. The network according to claim 1, wherein the transmitter is operative to transmit signals indicating that the first position is subject to hostile fire to the second system and to one or more additional systems mountable to respective additional positions, and the second system is operative to transmit signals that the first position is subject to hostile fire to the one or more additional systems.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein said IR camera is calibrated so as to set one or more miss distance thresholds indicative of hostile fire based on known velocities or velocity ranges of select known-to-be hostile projectiles and corresponding distance ranges of said projectiles.

6. The network according to claim 1,

wherein the transmitter of the first system is operative to transmit data associated with a determined location or location area associated with the fired projectile to the second system, the determined location or location area being determined based on the signals from said IR camera corresponding to the captured portion of the trail of energy, and

wherein the second system includes:

a receiver to receive the signals indicating that the first position is subject to hostile fire and the determined location or location area data; and

a countermeasure system at the second position that is operative to deploy one of a soft-kill and a hard-kill weapon in response to the determination that the first position was subject to hostile fire, the weapon being deployed to the determined location or location area associated with the fired projectile.

7. The network according to claim 1, wherein the first system is configured and operative to capture and process multiple heat signatures from multiple fired projectiles and to determine whether any of the fired projectiles is intended for the first position.

8. The network according to claim 1, wherein the first position is a first vehicle, the first system is mounted on the first vehicle, the second system includes a data storage unit to electronically store vehicle data from the first system regarding the first vehicle, the data including one or more of a travel path, velocity or speed of the first vehicle, a velocity or speed of the first vehicle versus time, an altitude, an orientation, a time, a location of the first vehicle in relation to the fired unguided energetic projectile, a location of the fired unguided energetic projectile, hit/likely hit data, and damage assessment data.

9. The network according to claim 1,

wherein the second system includes:

an infrared (IR) camera mountable at the second position, said IR camera having a field of view (FOV) and a predetermined sensitivity sufficient to capture a heat signature of the fired unguided energetic projectile, the heat signature including at least one of a firing component generated upon firing of the projectile, a tracer-related component, and a friction component generated by friction as the projectile travels through the troposphere, pixels of the IR camera being operative to capture a portion of a trail of energy associated with the heat signature of the fired projectile, the captured portion of the trail of energy being a two-dimensional representation over time; and

an image processor operative to receive signals from said IR camera corresponding to the captured portion of the trail of energy, said processor being operative to post-process in near real time the signals from said IR camera and to make a determination as to whether the second position was the intended target of the fired projectile by analyzing calculated vertical and horizontal miss distances of the fired projectile, the vertical and horizontal miss distances being calculated based on a product of the vertical and horizontal pixel trails, respectively, in the captured portion of the trail of energy as functions of time and projectile velocity, the functions of time and projectile velocity consisting of a rate of change of the projectile trace and the rate of rate of change of the projectile trace; and

a transmitter to transmit to the first system signals indicating that the second position is subject to hostile fire,

wherein the first system is operative to determine a location or location area of an origin of the fired unguided energetic projectile based on the post-processed signals from said IR camera of the first system and from the post-processed signals from said IR camera of the second system received by the first system, and

wherein the second system is operative to determine the location or location area of the origin of the fired unguided energetic projectile based on the post-processed signals from said IR camera of the second system and from post-processed signals from said IR camera of the first system received by the second system.

10. The system of claim 1,

wherein the system is configured to represent the captured portion of the trail of energy as a two-dimensional representation over time, and

wherein the functions of time and projectile velocity include a rate of change of the projectile trace and the rate of rate of change of the projectile trace.

11. The network of claim 1, wherein the second system includes an infrared (IR) camera, said IR camera having a field of view (FOV) and a predetermined sensitivity sufficient to capture a heat signature of the fired unguided energetic projectile.