Hemoglobin contrast in magneto-motive optical doppler tomography, optical coherence tomography, and ultrasound imaging methods and apparatus

• US 9,198,596 B2
• Filed: 12/20/2012
• Issued: 12/01/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 05/27/2005
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Texas System (University of Texas System)
• Original Assignee: Board of Regents of the University of Texas System (University of Texas System)
• Inventors: Milner, Thomas E.
• Primary Examiner(s): REMALY, MARK DONALD
• Application Number:
  US13/722,553
• Publication Number:
  US 20130197346A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,076 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2576/00 Medical imaging apparatus involving image processing or analysis A61B1/00009, A61B6/52 and A61B8/52 take precedence; image processing per se G06T; details of algorithms for analysing medical images G06T7/0012
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0035 adapted for acquisition of images from more than one imaging mode, e.g. combining MRI and optical tomography
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0066 Optical coherence imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/026 Measuring blood flow A61B3/1233, A61B3/1241 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0261 using optical means, e.g. infrared light
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0275 using tracers, e.g. dye dilution
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/05 Detecting, measuring or recording for diagnosis by means of electric currents or magnetic fields; Measuring using microwaves or radio waves impedance plethysmography A61B5/0295; measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof A61B5/11; detecting, measuring or recording bioelectric or biomagnetic signals of the body or parts thereof A61B5/24
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0515 Magnetic particle imaging
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/6852 Catheters
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/725 using specific filters therefor, e.g. Kalman or adaptive filters A61B5/316 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/06 Measuring blood flow measuring volume flow in general G01F, e.g. G01F1/66, G01F1/72; measuring speed of fluids in general G01P5/00
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/13 Tomography A61B8/10, A61B8/12 take precedence; tomography for radiation diagnosis A61B6/02
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 8/488 involving Doppler signals
• CPC Class Codes: A61N 2/02 using magnetic fields produced by coils, including single turn loops or electromagnets A61N2/12 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/1717 with a modulation of one or more physical properties of the sample during the optical investigation, e.g. electro-reflectance
• CPC Class Codes: G01N 21/4795 spatially resolved investigating of object in scattering medium in vivo A61B

Abstract

Provided herein are systems, methods, and compositions for the use of optical coherence tomography for detection of cells.

Claims

1. A method for detecting a lymphocyte, comprising:

applying a first magnetic field strength to the lymphocyte, wherein the lymphocyte comprises a cellular membrane and a magnetically susceptible material;

applying a second magnetic field strength to the lymphocyte, wherein the second magnetic field strength is different from the first magnetic field strength and interacts with the magnetically susceptible material to cause a change in the lymphocyte relative to interaction of the lymphocyte with the first magnetic field strength; and

detecting the lymphocyte by detecting the change in the lymphocyte, wherein the change is detected using a phase sensitive frequency domain optical coherence tomographic imaging modality including a common path interferometer during the application of at least one of the first and second magnetic field strengths.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the change is selected from the group consisting of:

movement of the lymphocyte, movement of the magnetically susceptible material, a change in the cellular membrane tension level, and a change in the internal strain field of the lymphocyte.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the phase sensitive optical coherence tomographic imaging modality comprises using a probe for transmitting and receiving light energy to and from the lymphocyte.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the probe further comprises a magnetic source for applying at least one of the first and second magnetic field strengths to the lymphocyte.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein at least one of the first and second magnetic field strengths is applied to the lymphocyte from a magnetic source located external to the probe.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnetically susceptible material is located within the lymphocyte.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnetically susceptible material is targeted to a location on the cellular membrane of the lymphocyte.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnetically susceptible material has a non-zero magnetic susceptibility.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the magnetically susceptible material comprises a material selected from the group consisting of iron oxide, iron, cobalt, nickel, and chromium.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the magnetically susceptible material comprises a plurality of metallic nanoparticles.

11. The method of claim 10, wherein the nanoparticles are substantially spherical and have a diameter from about 0.1 nanometers (nm) to about 1000.0 nm.

12. The method of claim 10, wherein the nanoparticles are asymmetrical in shape.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the largest cross sectional dimension of the nanoparticles is from about 0.1 nanometers (nm) to about 1000.0 nm in length.

14. The method of claim 9, wherein the lymphocyte is detected in vivo and the magnetically susceptible material is administered to the subject.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the lymphocyte is a macrophage and wherein at least one nanoparticle is located within the macrophage.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the macrophage is located in an atherosclerotic plaque within the subject.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein the macrophage is located within the eye of the subject.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein at least one of the nanoparticles is configured to localize to a target site within the subject.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the target site is a T lymphocyte.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein the target site is B lymphocyte.