GPS power conservation using environmental data

• US 9,198,604 B2
• Filed: 04/29/2015
• Issued: 12/01/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 06/22/2012
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Fitbit, Inc. (Alphabet Inc.)
• Original Assignee: Fitbit, Inc. (Alphabet Inc.)
• Inventors: Venkatraman, Subramaniam, Panther, Heiko Gernot Albert, Yuen, Shelten Gee Jao
• Primary Examiner(s): LIU, HARRY K
• Application Number:
  US14/700,069
• Publication Number:
  US 20150230735A1
• Time in Patent Office: 216 Days
• Field of Search: 342/357.31, 342/357.74, 342/357.65, 342/357.49
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0209 adapted for power saving
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2560/0242 adapted to measure environmental factors, e.g. temperature, pollution
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0219 Inertial sensors, e.g. accelerometers, gyroscopes, tilt switches
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 2562/0223 Magnetic field sensors
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0002 Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network A61B5/07 takes precedence; transmission systems for measured values G08C; transmission H04B; transmission of digital information H04L; wireless communication networks H04W
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0059 using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence A61B5/0093, A61B5/1455, A61B5/02416 and A61B5/0261 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0205 Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02416 using photoplethysmograph signals, e.g. generated by infrared radiation A61B5/14552 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02427 Details of sensor
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02433 for infrared radiation
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/02438 with portable devices, e.g. worn by the patient
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0533 Measuring galvanic skin response
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/0537 Measuring body composition by impedance, e.g. tissue hydration or fat content
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1112 Global tracking of patients, e.g. by using GPS
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1118 Determining activity level
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/112 Gait analysis
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/1123 Discriminating type of movement, e.g. walking or running A61B5/1116, A61B5/112 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/318 Heart-related electrical modalities, e.g. electrocardiography [ECG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/389 Electromyography [EMG]
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/4812 Detecting sleep stages or cycles
• CPC Class Codes: A61B 5/681 : Wristwatch-type devices
• CPC Class Codes: G01C 5/00 : Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels G01C3/20, G01C3/30 take precedence
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 13/00 : Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement electric switches H01H; counting moving objects G06M7/00
• CPC Class Codes: G01P 15/00 : Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/19 : Sporting applications
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 19/34 : Power consumption
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/012 : Identifying whether indoors or outdoors
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 5/017 : Detecting state or type of motion
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 1/385 : Transceivers carried on the body, e.g. in helmets
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 67/12 : specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/027 : using movement velocity, acceleration information
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 4/80 : Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 : in wireless communication networks

Abstract

Biometric monitoring devices, including various technologies that may be implemented in such devices, are discussed herein. Additionally, techniques, systems, and apparatuses are discussed herein for providing power-conserving techniques and systems for efficiently utilizing a GPS receiver are described. The positional fix frequency of the GPS receiver may, according to some implementations, be modified or adjusted between various levels according to data from one or more non-GPS sensors. Such non-GPS sensors may include, for example, ambient light intensity or spectrum sensors, accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, heart rate sensors, galvanic skin response sensors, infrared sensors, etc.

Claims

1. An apparatus comprising:

a biometric monitoring device to be worn on a person'"'"'s wrist, the biometric monitoring device including;

a controller including at least one processor and a memory;

a global positioning system (GPS) receiver; and

at least one non-GPS sensor, the at least one non-GPS sensor includes one or more sensors selected from the group consisting of;

a single-axis accelerometer, a multi-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer, wherein;

the at least one processor, the memory, the GPS receiver, and the at least one non-GPS sensor are communicatively connected, and

the memory stores computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to;

a) receive motion data from the at least one non-GPS sensor,

b) determine whether the biometric monitoring device is substantially motionless or in motion based at least in part on the motion data, and

c) set a frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at a first level responsive, at least in part, to a determination by the at least one processor that the motion data indicates that the biometric monitoring device is in motion, and

d) set the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at a second level lower than the first level responsive, at least in part, to a determination by the at least one processor that the motion data indicates that the biometric monitoring device is substantially motionless, wherein the second level supports the GPS receiver performing a warm start and does not support a hot start.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the computer-executable instructions is also for controlling the at least one processor to:

set the positional fix frequency of the GPS receiver to a third level lower than the second level.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one non-GPS sensor also includes an ambient light sensor;

the computer-executable instructions also for controlling the at least one processor to determine whether data from the ambient light sensor indicates an ambient light intensity, ambient light spectrum, or ambient light intensity and spectrum associated with an outdoor location or with an indoor location;

the computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to do (c) also includes to set the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the first level responsive, at least in part, to a determination by the at least one processor that the data from the ambient light sensor indicates an outdoor location; and

the computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to do (d) also includes to set the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the second level responsive, at least in part, to a determination by the at least one processor that the data from the ambient light sensor indicates an indoor location.

4. The apparatus of claim 3, the biometric monitoring device further comprising a clock, wherein:

the computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to determine whether data from the ambient light sensor indicates an ambient light intensity, ambient light spectrum, or ambient light intensity and spectrum associated with an outdoor location or with an indoor location, also includes computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to take into account a time of day.

5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein

the computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to determine whether data from the ambient light sensor indicates an ambient light intensity, ambient light spectrum, or ambient light intensity and spectrum associated with an outdoor location or with an indoor location, further include computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to take into account the location of the biometric monitoring device.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one non-GPS sensor also includes an ultraviolet (UV) light sensor;

the computer-executable instructions also for controlling the at least one processor to determine whether data from the UV sensor indicates a UV intensity associated with an outdoor location or with an indoor location;

the computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to do (c) also includes to set the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the first level responsive, at least in part, to a determination by the at least one processor that the UV intensity is associated with the outdoor location; and

the computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to do (d) also includes to set the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the second level responsive, at least in part, to a determination by the at least one processor that the UV intensity is associated with the indoor location.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one non-GPS sensor includes body characteristic measurement sensor, wherein the body characteristic measurement sensor is one or more of a photoplethysmographic sensor, electrocardiographic sensor, electromyographics sensor, galvanic skin response sensor, body fat measurement sensor, and bioimpedance sensor;

the computer-executable instructions also for controlling the at least one processor to determine whether data from the body characteristic measurement sensor indicates that that the biometric monitoring device is being worn by a person; and

the computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to do (c) also includes to set the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the first level responsive, at least in part, to a determination by the at least one processor that the biometric monitoring device is being worn by a person.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein:

the computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to do (d) also includes to set the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the second level responsive, at least in part, to a determination by the at least one processor that the biometric monitoring device is not being worn by a person.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one non-GPS sensor includes a wireless data receiver;

the computer-executable instructions also for controlling the at least one processor to determine changes in identified external wireless devices within range of the wireless data receiver based on data from the wireless data receiver; and

the computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to do (c) also includes to set the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the first level responsive, at least in part, to a determination by the at least one processor of a change in the identified external wireless devices within range of the wireless data receiver.

10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:

the at least one non-GPS sensor includes a wireless data receiver;

the computer-executable instructions also for controlling the at least one processor to determine changes in identified external wireless devices within range of the wireless data receiver based on data from the wireless data receiver; and

the computer-executable instructions for controlling the at least one processor to do (d) also includes to set the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the second level responsive, at least in part, to a determination by the at least one processor of a change in the identified external wireless devices within range of the wireless data receiver.

11. A method in a biometric monitoring device, the method comprising:

(a) receiving, at a first time, first motion data from at least one non-GPS sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on a person'"'"'s wrist, the at least one non-GPS sensor includes one or more sensors selected from the group consisting of;

a single-axis accelerometer, a multi-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer;

(b) determining that the biometric monitoring device is in motion based at least in part on the first motion data;

(c) setting a frequency with which a GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device obtains positional fixes at a first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is in motion;

(d) receiving, at a second time, second motion data from the at least one non-GPS sensor;

(e) determining that the biometric monitoring device is substantially motionless based at least in part on the second motion data; and

(f) setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at a second level lower than the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is substantially motionless, wherein the second level supports the GPS receiver performing a warm start and does not support a hot start.

12. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at a third level lower than the second level.

13. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

receiving, at the first time, first data from an ambient light sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist;

determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an outdoor location based at least in part on the first data from the ambient light sensor;

performing (c) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device obtains positional fixes at the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is in an outdoor location;

receiving, at the second time, second data from the ambient light sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist, wherein the first data and the second data from the ambient light sensor include information selected from the group consisting of;

ambient light intensity, ambient light spectrum, and ambient light intensity and spectrum;

determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an indoor location based at least in part on the second data from the ambient light sensor; and

performing (f) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the second level lower than the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is in an indoor location.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein:

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an outdoor location based at least in part on the first data from the ambient light sensor also includes taking into account a current time of day indicated by a clock in the biometric monitoring device; and

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an indoor location based at least in part on the second data from the ambient light sensor also includes taking into account the current time of day indicated by the clock in the biometric monitoring device.

15. The method of claim 14, further comprising:

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an outdoor location based at least in part on the first data from the ambient light sensor also includes taking into account a current location indicated by the GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device; and

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an indoor location based at least in part on the second data from the ambient light sensor also includes taking into account the current location indicated by the GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device.

16. The method of claim 11, wherein:

receiving, at the first time, first data from an ultraviolet (UV) light sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist;

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an outdoor location is also based at least in part on the first data from the UV light sensor indicating a UV intensity associated with an outdoor location;

receiving, at the second time, second data from the UV light sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist; and

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an indoor location is also based at least in part on the second data from the UV light sensor indicating a UV intensity associated with an indoor location.

17. The method of claim 11, further comprising:

receiving, at the first time, first data from a body characteristic measurement sensor in the biometric monitoring device, wherein the body characteristic measurement sensor is one or more of a photoplethysmographic sensor, electrocardiographic sensor, electromyographics sensor, galvanic skin response sensor, body fat measurement sensor, and bioimpedance sensor; and

determining that the biometric monitoring device is being worn based at least in part on the first data from the body characteristic measurement sensor; and

performing (c) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device obtains positional fixes at the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is being worn.

18. The method of claim 17, further comprising:

receiving, at the second time, second data from the body characteristic measurement sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist;

determining that the biometric monitoring device is not being worn based at least in part on the second data from the body characteristic measurement sensor; and

performing (f) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the second level lower than the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is not being worn.

19. The method of claim 11, wherein:

receiving, at the first time, first data from a wireless data receiver in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist;

determining that there has been a change in identified wireless devices within range of the wireless data receiver based at least in part on the first data from the wireless data receiver; and

performing (c) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device obtains positional fixes at the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that there has been the change.

20. The method of claim 11, wherein:

receiving, at the second time, second data from a wireless data receiver in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist;

determining that there has been a change in identified wireless devices within range of the wireless data receiver based at least in part on the second data from the wireless data receiver; and

performing (f) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the second level lower than the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that there has been the change.

21. A non-transitory, machine-readable storage medium, having stored therein computer-executable instructions which, when executed by at least one processor in a biometric monitoring device to be worn on a person'"'"'s wrist, cause the biometric monitoring device to perform the operations comprising:

(a) receiving, at a first time, first motion data from at least one non-GPS sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist, the at least one non-GPS sensor includes one or more sensors selected from the group consisting of;

a single-axis accelerometer, a multi-axis accelerometer, a gyroscope, and a magnetometer;

(b) determining that the biometric monitoring device is in motion based at least in part on the first motion data;

(c) setting a frequency with which a GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device obtains positional fixes at a first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is in motion;

(d) receiving, at a second time, second motion data from the at least one non-GPS sensor;

(e) determining that the biometric monitoring device is substantially motionless based at least in part on the second motion data; and

(f) setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at a second level lower than the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is substantially motionless, wherein the second level supports the GPS receiver performing a warm start and does not support a hot start.

22. The storage medium of claim 21, wherein the operations further comprise:

setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at a third level lower than the second level.

23. The storage medium of claim 21, wherein the operations further comprise:

receiving, at the first time, first data from an ambient light sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist;

determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an outdoor location based at least in part on the first data from the ambient light sensor;

performing (c) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device obtains positional fixes at the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is in an outdoor location;

receiving, at the second time, second data from the ambient light sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist, wherein the first data and the second data from the ambient light sensor include information selected from the group consisting of;

ambient light intensity, ambient light spectrum, and ambient light intensity and spectrum;

determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an indoor location based at least in part on the second data from the ambient light sensor; and

performing (f) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the second level lower than the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is in an indoor location.

24. The storage medium of claim 23, wherein:

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an outdoor location based at least in part on the first data from the ambient light sensor also includes taking into account a current time of day indicated by a clock in the biometric monitoring device; and

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an indoor location based at least in part on the second data from the ambient light sensor also includes taking into account the current time of day indicated by the clock in the biometric monitoring device.

25. The storage medium of claim 24, wherein:

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an outdoor location based at least in part on the first data from the ambient light sensor also includes taking into account a current location indicated by the GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device; and

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an indoor location based at least in part on the second data from the ambient light sensor also includes taking into account the current location indicated by the GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device.

26. The storage medium of claim 21, wherein the operations further comprise:

receiving, at the first time, first data from an ultraviolet (UV) light sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist;

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an outdoor location is also based at least in part the first data from the UV light sensor indicating a UV intensity associated with an outdoor location;

receiving, at the second time, second data from the UV light sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist; and

the determining that the biometric monitoring device is in an indoor location is also based at least in part on the second data from the UV light sensor indicating a UV intensity associated with an indoor location.

27. The storage medium of claim 21, wherein the operations further comprise:

receiving, at the first time, first data from a body characteristic measurement sensor in the biometric monitoring device, wherein the body characteristic measurement sensor is one or more of a photoplethysmographic sensor, electrocardiographic sensor, electromyographics sensor, galvanic skin response sensor, body fat measurement sensor, and bioimpedance sensor;

determining the biometric monitoring device is being worn based at least in part on the first data from the body characteristic measurement sensor; and

performing (c) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device obtains positional fixes at the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is being worn.

28. The storage medium of claim 27, wherein the operations further comprise:

receiving, at the second time, second data from the body characteristic measurement sensor in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist;

determining that the biometric monitoring device is not being worn based at least in part on the second data from the body characteristic measurement sensor; and

performing (f) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the second level lower than the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that the biometric monitoring device is not being worn.

29. The storage medium of claim 21, wherein the operations further comprise:

receiving, at the first time, first data from a wireless data receiver in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist;

determining that there has been a change in identified wireless devices within range of the wireless data receiver based at least in part on the first data from the wireless data receiver; and

performing (c) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver in the biometric monitoring device obtains positional fixes at the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that there has been the change.

30. The storage medium of claim 21, wherein the operations further comprise:

receiving, at the second time, second data from a wireless data receiver in the biometric monitoring device worn on the person'"'"'s wrist;

determining that there has been a change in identified wireless devices within range of the wireless data receiver based at least in part on the second data from the wireless data receiver; and

performing (f) includes setting the frequency with which the GPS receiver obtains positional fixes at the second level lower than the first level responsive, at least in part, to the determination that there has been the change.