Managing electric current allocation of electric vehicle charging stations

• US 9,201,407 B2
• Filed: 07/23/2013
• Issued: 12/01/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 07/23/2009
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Chargepoint, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Chargepoint, Inc.
• Inventors: Baxter, David, Hagenmaier, Carl F. Jr., Tormey, Milton T, Lowenthal, Richard
• Primary Examiner(s): Tso, Edward
• Assistant Examiner(s): BOATENG, ALEXIS ASIEDUA
• Application Number:
  US13/948,879
• Publication Number:
  US 20130310999A1
• Time in Patent Office: 861 Days
• Field of Search: 320/109, 320/101, 320/107, 320/108, 320/106, 361/64, 705/412, 324/434, 340/995.27, 141/94
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/545 Temperature
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/72 Charging station selection relying on external data
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2240/80 Time limits
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 2250/16 by display
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/0084 relating to control modules
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 3/12 Recording operating variables ; Monitoring of operating variables
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 50/40 using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/305 Communication interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/62 in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/63 in response to network capacity
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/64 Optimising energy costs, e.g. responding to electricity rates
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/65 involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/66 Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/665 Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 53/67 Controlling two or more charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: B60L 55/00 Arrangements for supplying energy stored within a vehicle to a power network, i.e. vehicle-to-grid [V2G] arrangements
• CPC Class Codes: G05B 13/02 electric
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 2310/12 The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 3/14 by switching loads on to, or off from, network, e.g. progressively balanced loading
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/00036 Charger exchanging data with battery
• CPC Class Codes: H02J 7/0013 : acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially H02J7/1423 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: Y02B 70/3225 : Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 60/00 : Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/70 : Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/7072 : Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 10/72 : Electric energy management in electromobility
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/12 : Electric charging stations
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/14 : Plug-in electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/16 : Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
• CPC Class Codes: Y02T 90/167 : Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 10/126 : the energy generation units being or involving electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV], i.e. power aggregation of EV or HEV, vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G]
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 20/222 : Demand response systems, e.g. load shedding, peak shaving
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/12 : Remote or cooperative charging
• CPC Class Codes: Y04S 30/14 : Details associated with the interoperability, e.g. vehicle recognition, authentication, identification or billing

Abstract

A message is received that indicates a request for an allocation of electric current at a first electric vehicle charging station that is connected to a same main electrical circuit breaker as a second electric vehicle charging station that is presently allocated electric current. Responsive to determining that granting the request would exceed a maximum amount of electric current supported by the main electrical circuit breaker, the electric current allocation of at least the second electric vehicle charging station is adjusted such that the request for allocation can be granted and the request is granted and electric current is allocated to the first electric vehicle charging station.

Claims

1. A method, comprising:

receiving a first message that indicates a request for an allocation of electric current at a first one of a plurality of electric vehicle charging stations that are connected to a same main electrical circuit breaker, and wherein at least a second one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations is presently allocated electric current;

determining that granting the request would exceed a maximum amount of electric current supported by the main electrical circuit breaker; and

responsive to that determination, adjusting the electric current allocation of at least the second one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations such that the request for allocation can be granted; and

granting the request and allocating electric current to the first electric vehicle charging station.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first message includes a requested amount of electric current, and wherein allocating electric current to the first electric vehicle charging station includes allocating the requested amount of electric current.

3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

wherein adjusting the electric current allocations of at least the second one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations includes transmitting a second message to each of the at least the second one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations that indicates a first amount of current that is allowed to be drawn through the second electric vehicle charging station, wherein the first amount of current is smaller than a most previous allocation of current for the second electric vehicle charging station;

prior to granting the request, receiving an acknowledgement message from the second electric vehicle charging station that indicates that the second electric vehicle charging station is limiting current draw in accordance with the second message; and

wherein allocating electric current to the first electric vehicle charging station includes transmitting a third message to the first electric vehicle charging station that indicates a second amount of current that is allowed to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the electric current allocations includes cyclically reallocating electric current among the first electric vehicle charging station and at least the second electric vehicle charging station in a time period such that the first electric vehicle charging station and the second electric vehicle charging station each receives an allocation of current in that time period while not exceeding the maximum amount of electric current supported by the main electrical circuit breaker.

5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

receiving a second message that indicates that electric current allocation is no longer required for one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations;

responsive to receiving the second message, redistributing the electric current that is allocated to that one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations to one or more other ones of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein adjusting the electric current allocation of at least the second one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations is further based on a set of one or more charging session attributes associated with charging sessions for the first electric vehicle charging station and at least the second electric vehicle charging station, the set of charging session attributes including for each charging session one or more of charging session duration, type of account associated with that charging session, percentage of charging complete, percentage of charging remaining, battery temperature of the electric vehicle, priority of that charging session, and time remaining on that charging session.

7. A method of sharing power between at least a first electric vehicle charging station and a second electric vehicle charging station so as to not exceed a capacity of a main electrical circuit breaker connected to the first electric vehicle charging station and the second electric vehicle charging station that would otherwise occur if the first electric vehicle charging station and the second electric vehicle charging station were each supplying current at their maximum ratings, comprising:

receiving, at a first electric vehicle charging station, a first message that indicates a first amount of current that is allowed to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station;

responsive to receiving the first message, the first electric vehicle charging station limiting an amount of current to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station in accordance with the first message;

receiving, at the first electric vehicle charging station, a second message that indicates a second amount of current that is allowed to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station, wherein the second amount of current is less than the first amount of current and is a value that allows the second electric vehicle charging station to draw at least some electrical current while not exceeding the capacity of the main electrical circuit breaker; and

responsive to receiving the second message, the first electric vehicle charging station limiting the amount of current to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station in accordance with the second message.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the first electric vehicle charging station limiting the amount of current to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station in accordance with the first message includes communicating a first current limit to an electric vehicle connected to the first electric vehicle charging station that does not exceed the first amount of current;

and wherein the first electric vehicle charging station limiting the amount of current to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station in accordance with the second message includes communicating a second current limit to the electric vehicle that does not exceed the second amount of current.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein communicating the first current limit and second current limit includes modulating a signal to the electric vehicle.

10. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

receiving, at the first electric vehicle charging station, a third message that indicates a third amount of current that is allowed to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station, wherein the third amount of current is greater than the second amount of current, and wherein the third message is received as a result of the second electric vehicle charging station no longer requiring to draw at least some electrical current;

responsive to receiving the third message, the first electric vehicle charging station limiting the amount of current to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station in accordance with the third message.

11. The method of claim 7, further comprising:

after limiting the amount of current to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station in accordance with the first message, the first electric vehicle charging station transmitting a third message to a server that is managing the power sharing that acknowledges that current has been limited in accordance with the first message; and

after limiting the amount of current to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station in accordance with the second message, the first electric vehicle charging station transmitting a fourth message to the server that is managing the power sharing that acknowledges that current has been limited in accordance with the second message.

12. An apparatus, comprising:

a processor; and

a non-transitory machine-readable storage media that contains instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause said processor to perform the following operations;

receiving a first message that indicates a request for an allocation of electric current at a first one of a plurality of electric vehicle charging stations that are connected to a same main electrical circuit breaker, and wherein at least a second one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations is presently allocated electric current;

determining that granting the request would exceed a maximum amount of electric current supported by the main electrical circuit breaker; and

responsive to that determination, adjusting the electric current allocation of at least the second one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations such that the request for allocation can be granted; and

granting the request and allocating electric current to the first electric vehicle charging station.

13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the first message includes a requested amount of electric current, and wherein the operation of allocating electric current to the first electric vehicle charging station includes allocating the requested amount of electric current.

14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the non-transitory machine-readable storage media contains further instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause said processor to perform the following operations:

wherein adjusting the electric current allocations of at least the second one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations includes transmitting a second message to each of the at least the second one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations that indicates a first amount of current that is allowed to be drawn through the second electric vehicle charging station, wherein the first amount of current is smaller than a most previous allocation of current for the second electric vehicle charging station;

prior to granting the request, receiving an acknowledgement message from the second electric vehicle charging station that indicates that the second electric vehicle charging station is limiting current draw in accordance with the second message; and

wherein allocating electric current to the first electric vehicle charging station includes transmitting a third message to the first electric vehicle charging station that indicates a second amount of current that is allowed to be drawn through the first electric vehicle charging station.

15. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein adjusting the electric current allocations includes cyclically reallocating electric current among the first electric vehicle charging station and at least the second electric vehicle charging station in a time period such that the first electric vehicle charging station and the second electric vehicle charging station each receives an allocation of current in that time period while not exceeding the maximum amount of electric current supported by the main electrical circuit breaker.

16. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the non-transitory machine-readable storage media contains further instructions, which when executed by the processor, cause said processor to perform the following operations:

receiving a second message that indicates that electric current allocation is no longer required for one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations;

responsive to receiving the second message, redistributing the electric current that is allocated to that one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations to one or more other ones of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations.

17. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein adjusting the electric current allocation of at least the second one of the plurality of electric vehicle charging stations is further based on a set of one or more charging session attributes associated with charging sessions for the first electric vehicle charging station and at least the second electric vehicle charging station, the set of charging session attributes including for each charging session one or more of charging session duration, type of account associated with that charging session, percentage of charging complete, percentage of charging remaining, battery temperature of the electric vehicle, priority of that charging session, and time remaining on that charging session.