Method for rule-based context acquisition

• US 9,204,386 B2
• Filed: 07/28/2014
• Issued: 12/01/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 12/14/2011
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Original Assignee: Microsoft Technology Licensing LLC (Microsoft Corporation)
• Inventors: Nath, Suman
• Primary Examiner(s): CHEN, ALAN S
• Application Number:
  US14/444,624
• Publication Number:
  US 20140335920A1
• Time in Patent Office: 491 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 9/451 Execution arrangements for user interfaces
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 5/025 Extracting rules from data
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 5/04 Inference or reasoning models
• CPC Class Codes: H04M 1/72454 according to context-related or environment-related conditions
• CPC Class Codes: H04W 52/0209 in terminal devices terminal devices per se H04W88/02
• CPC Class Codes: Y02D 30/70 in wireless communication networks

Abstract

Methods and systems for rule-based context acquisition are disclosed herein. The method includes accepting a request for target context from an application at a context acquisition system and identifying context rules relating to the target context using a rule-based inference cache. The method also includes determining an inferred value of the target context based on previously-acquired contexts and the context rules without initializing sensor procedures as a result of the request.

Claims

1. A method for rule-based context acquisition, comprising:

accepting a request for a target context from an application at a context acquisition system;

identifying context rules relating to the target context using a rule-based inference cache;

determining an inferred value of the target context based on previously-acquired contexts and the context rules without initializing sensor procedures as a result of the request; and

generating the context rules according to context history obtained from sensed context within the rule-based inference cache using a context rule miner.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein if the inferred value of the target context cannot be determined based on the previously-acquired contexts and the context rules, the method further comprising:

executing a first step of a sensing plan for acquiring the inferred value of the target context using a rule-based acquisition planner, wherein the first step is determined based on the context rules or a cost, or any combination thereof; and

executing any of a plurality of subsequent steps of the sensing plan until the inferred value of the target context is obtained, wherein each of the plurality of subsequent steps is individually determined based on the context rules, the cost, or a result of a previous step of the sensing plan, or any combinations thereof.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the executing the first step or any of the plurality of subsequent steps of the sensing plan comprises obtaining sensed context relating to the target context using a sensor implemented within a computing device.

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the cost comprises a computing cost or a battery cost, or both, of obtaining sensor data related to the target context, and wherein the first step and the plurality of subsequent steps of the sensing plan are chosen such that steps are executed according to the cost in an ascending order.

5. The method of claim 1, comprising:

outputting an exact value of the target context to the application if the exact value is found within the context acquisition system; and

outputting the inferred value of the target context to the application if the exact value is not found within the context acquisition system.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the application comprises a context-aware application implemented within a mobile computing device.

7. The method of claim 1, comprising creating the context rules within a context rule miner and combining the context rules relating to the target context within the rule-based inference cache to create a logical expression tree for the target context.

8. The method of claim 7, comprising using the logical expression tree to determine the sensing plan for acquiring the inferred value of the target context.

9. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the inferred value comprises determining an exact value if it exists in the rule-based inference cache, and if not, querying the context rule miner to determine whether appropriate rules are available for acquiring the context.

10. A system for rule-based context acquisition, comprising:

a rule-based inference cache configured to;

accept a request for a target context from an application;

identify context rules relating to the target context, wherein the context rules are stored within the rule-based inference cache;

determine an inferred value of the target context based on previously-acquired contexts and the context rules without initializing sensor procedures as a result of the request; and

generate the context rules according to context history obtained from sensed context within the rule-based inference cache using a context rule miner.

11. The system of claim 10, wherein if the inferred value is not determinable without initializing sensor procedures, the system further comprising a rule-based acquisition planner configured to:

execute a first step of a sensing plan for acquiring an inferred value of the target context, wherein the first step is determined based on the context rules or a cost, or any combination thereof; and

execute a second step of the sensing plan, wherein the second step is determined based on the context rules, the cost, or a result of the first step of the sensing plan, or any combinations thereof, wherein the cost comprises a computing cost or an energy cost, or both, of obtaining sensor data relating to the target context.

12. The system of claim 11, wherein the first step and the second step of the sensing plan comprise any of a plurality of sensing procedures performed using a sensor within a computing device.

13. The system of claim 11, wherein the first step and the second step of the sensing plan may be considered to be concurrent if the first step and the second step are executed within a specified window of time, and wherein the specified window of time comprises a basket size.

14. The system of claim 10, comprising an application programming interface (API) configured to communicably couple the rule-based inference cache or the rule-based acquisition planner, or both, to the application.

15. The system of claim 10, wherein the application comprises an application that utilizes contextual information.

16. The system of claim 10, wherein the system is configured to output the inferred value of the target context to the application once it is obtained.

17. The system of claim 10, wherein the context rules comprise a plurality of context rules relating to the target context organized in a logical expression tree, and wherein the logical expression tree specifies context rules for a particular inferred value of the target context.

18. One or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media for storing computer-readable instructions, the computer-readable instructions providing a rule-based context acquisition system when executed by one or more processing devices, the computer-readable instructions comprising code configured to:

accept a request for a target context from an application; and

attempt to determine an inferred value of the target context according to context rules relating to the target context using a rule-based inference cache without initializing sensor procedures as a result of the request, wherein the context rules relating to the target context comprise a plurality of context rules generated by a context rule miner and organized by the rule-based inference cache according to a relationship between each of the plurality of context rules with regard to the target context.

19. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 18, wherein if the inferred value is not determined according to the context rules, the computer-readable medium further comprising code to develop and execute each of a plurality of steps of a sensing plan using a rule-based acquisition planner until the inferred value is determined, wherein each of the plurality of steps of the sensing plan is determined based on the context rules relating to the target context, a computing cost, or a result of a previous step of the sensing plan, or any combinations thereof.

20. The one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media of claim 18, wherein attempting to determine the inferred value comprises determining an exact value if it exists in the rule-based inference cache, and if not, querying the context rule miner to determine whether appropriate rules are available for acquiring the context.