Method to estimate battery open-circuit voltage based on transient resistive effects
First Claim
1. A vehicle comprising:
- at least one battery cell; and
at least one controller programmed to, in response to a state of charge of the at least one battery cell falling within a range of states of charge for which differences between charge and discharge voltage values previously measured during charging and discharging at each of the states of charge are approximately equal, charge and discharge the at least one battery cell based on the differences.
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Abstract
A vehicle is disclosed that includes a battery and a controller programmed to calculate a battery voltage characteristic from previously measured charge and discharge data. The battery voltage characteristic is based on differences between the previously measured values when state of charge falls in a range in which the differences are approximately equal. Outside of the range, the charge and discharge voltage data are corrected based on a square root of time to obtain the battery voltage characteristic. The characterization may be performed with a high-rate continuous charge and discharge cycle. Also disclosed is an apparatus for generating the battery characteristic that includes a bi-directional power supply. The battery voltage characteristic is obtained based on the differences of the charge and discharge voltage data and corrected data based on the square root of time. A method is also disclosed based on the same.
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Citations
16 Claims
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1. A vehicle comprising:
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at least one battery cell; and at least one controller programmed to, in response to a state of charge of the at least one battery cell falling within a range of states of charge for which differences between charge and discharge voltage values previously measured during charging and discharging at each of the states of charge are approximately equal, charge and discharge the at least one battery cell based on the differences. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5)
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6. An apparatus comprising:
a bi-directional power supply electrically connected to at least one battery cell; and
at least one controller programmed to generate output representing a relationship between voltage and state of charge for the at least one battery cell based on differences between measured charge and discharge voltage values of the at least one battery cell while a state of charge of the at least one battery cell falls within a range of states of charge for which the differences at each state of charge within the range are approximately equal.- View Dependent Claims (7, 8, 9, 10)
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11. A method comprising:
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measuring voltage values across a battery during charging and discharging; calculating a relationship between voltage and state of charge based on differences between the measured charging and discharging voltage values while a state of charge of the battery falls within a range of states of charge for which the differences at each of the states of charge within the range are approximately equal; and outputting the relationship. - View Dependent Claims (12, 13, 14, 15, 16)
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Specification