Extraction of solubles from plant biomass for use as microbial growth stimulant and methods related thereto

• US 9,206,446 B2
• Filed: 04/19/2010
• Issued: 12/08/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 05/01/2006
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: The Board of Trustees of Michigan State University (Michigan State University)
• Original Assignee: The Board of Trustees of Michigan State University (Michigan State University)
• Inventors: Dale, Bruce, Balan, Venkatesh, Lau, Ming Woei, Chundawat, Shishir
• Primary Examiner(s): Tate, Chris R
• Assistant Examiner(s): WINSTON, RANDALL O
• Application Number:
  US12/763,102
• Publication Number:
  US 20100267999A1
• Time in Patent Office: 2,059 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 1/38 Chemical stimulation of growth or activity by addition of chemical compounds which are not essential growth factors; Stimulation of growth by removal of a chemical compound C12N1/34 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: C12N 9/2434 acting on beta-1,4-glucosidic bonds
• CPC Class Codes: C12P 19/02 Monosaccharides 2-ketogulonic acid C12P7/60
• CPC Class Codes: C12P 19/14 produced by the action of a carbohydrase (EC 3.2.x), e.g. by alpha-amylase , e.g. by cellulase, hemicellulase
• CPC Class Codes: C12P 21/02 having a known sequence of two or more amino acids, e.g. glutathione
• CPC Class Codes: C12P 2201/00 Pretreatment of cellulosic or lignocellulosic material for subsequent enzymatic treatment or hydrolysis
• CPC Class Codes: C12P 7/10 substrate containing cellulosic material
• CPC Class Codes: Y02E 50/10 Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

Abstract

A method for producing a microbial growth stimulant (MGS) from a plant biomass is described. In one embodiment, an ammonium hydroxide solution is used to extract a solution of proteins and ammonia from the biomass. Some of the proteins and ammonia are separated from the extracted solution to provide the MGS solution. The removed ammonia can be recycled and the proteins are useful as animal feeds. In one embodiment, the method comprises extracting solubles from pretreated lignocellulosic biomass with a cellulase enzyme-producing growth medium (such T. reesei) in the presence of water and an aqueous extract.

Claims

1. A method for producing a microbial growth stimulant solution from a lignocellulosic plant biomass comprising:

providing a harvested lignocellulosic plant biomass;

treating the plant biomass with an Ammonia Fiber Explosion (AFEX) process to provide a treated plant biomass;

soaking the treated plant biomass in an alkaline aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide at 25°

to 70°

C. to provide a soaked plant biomass in the solution;

extracting the solution from the soaked plant biomass to produce an extracted solution;

separating at least some of the proteins and ammonia from the extracted solution; and

retaining the extracted solution as the microbial growth stimulant solution.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the plant is a monocot.

3. The method of claim 2 wherein the monocot is switchgrass, rice or maize.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein the plant biomass is switchgrass.

5. The method of claim 1 wherein a pH in the soaking step is above about 8.

6. The method of claim 1 wherein the proteins are separated from the extracted solution by precipitation or ultrafiltration.

7. The method of claim 1 wherein the separating step occurs after a hydrolysis step.

8. The method of claim 1 wherein the separating step occurs before a hydrolysis step.

9. The method of claim 1 wherein the aqueous alkaline ammonium hydroxide solution comprises up to about 3% by weight NH₄OH.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein the aqueous alkaline ammonium hydroxide solution has a pH greater than about 8.

11. The method of claim 1 wherein no nutrients are added to the plant biomass.

12. The method of claim 1 wherein the extracted solution is extracted with water.