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Electrodes, electrode systems, and methods of manufacture

  • US 9,211,400 B2
  • Filed: 04/13/2012
  • Issued: 12/15/2015
  • Est. Priority Date: 07/18/2011
  • Status: Active Grant
First Claim
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1. An iontophoresis delivery system comprising:

  • an insulating layer;

    a nonconductive top layer;

    a nonconductive bottom layer;

    a first nonconductive element;

    a second nonconductive element;

    a first electrode, wherein the first electrode is situated between the nonconductive bottom layer and the insulating layer;

    a second electrode, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are spaced apart from each other, wherein the second electrode is ring-shaped and wherein the first electrode is within an interior of the second electrode;

    a first electrode reservoir comprising a therapeutic compound, the first electrode reservoir configured to deliver the therapeutic compound into a patient'"'"'s tissue when a DC current is driven into the patient'"'"'s tissue from the first electrode to the second electrode;

    a second electrode reservoir;

    and wherein the second electrode is situated between the insulating layer and the second electrode reservoir; and

    an electronics layer situated between the nonconductive top layer and the nonconductive bottom layer, the electronics layer having a first electronics layer contact point in electrical contact and alignment with a first electrode contact point in the first electrode via a first puncture connection and a second electronics layer contact point in electrical contact and alignment with a second electrode contact point in the second electrode via a second puncture connection, wherein the electronics layer, the nonconductive bottom layer and the first electrode are assembled in a stack, and wherein the stack is punctured to form the puncture connections, wherein the first nonconductive element is positioned below the first electrode contact point and wherein the second nonconductive element is positioned below the second electrode contact point, the electronics layer further comprising pulse generation circuitry configured to;

    deliver the DC current to the first electrode for a predetermined period of time to drive the therapeutic compound into the patient'"'"'s tissue;

    after delivering the DC current for the predetermined period of time, deliver an AC TENS current from the second electrode to the first electrode.

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