Systems and methods of securing immunity to air CO;in alkaline fuel cells
First Claim
1. An alkaline fuel cell comprising:
- an air inlet operatively coupled with a three-trap air filter assembly;
the three-trap air filter assembly including a first thermally regenerative chemical CO2 trap anda second thermally regenerative chemical CO2 trap;
and a third disposable CO2 chemical trap;
each of the first and second thermally regenerative chemical traps being arranged parallel to one another upstream from and in a tandem configuration with the third disposable CO2 chemical trap, the first and second thermally regenerative chemical traps and the third disposable chemical CO2 trap all being disposed downstream from the inlet, the third disposable chemical CO2 trap disposed upstream from an inlet to the cathode of the alkaline fuel cell;
each of the first and second thermally regenerative chemical traps being configured to reduce the level of CO2 in an air stream passing through a thermally regenerative chemical trap by a first predetermined amount, and the third disposable chemical CO2 trap being configured to reduce the level of CO2 in an air stream passing through the third disposable chemical CO2 trap by a second predetermined amount; and
each of the first and second thermally regenerative chemical traps being switchable to different modes to switch one thermally regenerative chemical trap to actively trap CO2 in an air stream passing through the one thermally regenerative chemical trap while the other thermally regenerative chemical trap undergoes thermal regeneration, wherein the alkaline fuel cell includes an alkaline aqueous electrolyte or an OH-ion conducting polymeric membrane without liquid electrolyte.
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Accused Products
Abstract
An air CO2 filtration assembly or system is provided that includes CO2 filters or traps designed and configured with a limited, but high capacity, volume to maximize filtration/absorption of CO2 from an air stream supplied to an alkaline fuel cell to thereby minimize the CO2 level in the air stream fed into the fuel cell cathode. The CO2 filters or traps include at least one thermally regenerative CO2 chemical filter or trap arranged in a tandem configuration with a strongly bonding CO2 chemical filter or trap. The combination of the two types of filters or traps sequentially filter/absorb CO2 from the air stream and reduce the level of CO2 in the air stream fed into the cathode. The air CO2 filtration assembly or system may be used in conjunction with electrochemical purging of the alkaline fuel cell that enables removal of CO2 from the fuel cell by anodic decomposition of accumulated carbonate ions in the fuel cell anode and release of CO2 through the anode exhaust stream.
82 Citations
7 Claims
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1. An alkaline fuel cell comprising:
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an air inlet operatively coupled with a three-trap air filter assembly; the three-trap air filter assembly including a first thermally regenerative chemical CO2 trap and a second thermally regenerative chemical CO2 trap; and a third disposable CO2 chemical trap; each of the first and second thermally regenerative chemical traps being arranged parallel to one another upstream from and in a tandem configuration with the third disposable CO2 chemical trap, the first and second thermally regenerative chemical traps and the third disposable chemical CO2 trap all being disposed downstream from the inlet, the third disposable chemical CO2 trap disposed upstream from an inlet to the cathode of the alkaline fuel cell; each of the first and second thermally regenerative chemical traps being configured to reduce the level of CO2 in an air stream passing through a thermally regenerative chemical trap by a first predetermined amount, and the third disposable chemical CO2 trap being configured to reduce the level of CO2 in an air stream passing through the third disposable chemical CO2 trap by a second predetermined amount; and each of the first and second thermally regenerative chemical traps being switchable to different modes to switch one thermally regenerative chemical trap to actively trap CO2 in an air stream passing through the one thermally regenerative chemical trap while the other thermally regenerative chemical trap undergoes thermal regeneration, wherein the alkaline fuel cell includes an alkaline aqueous electrolyte or an OH-ion conducting polymeric membrane without liquid electrolyte. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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Specification