Laser source assembly with thermal control and mechanically stable mounting

• US 9,225,148 B2
• Filed: 09/22/2011
• Issued: 12/29/2015
• Est. Priority Date: 09/23/2010
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Daylight Solutions, Inc. (Leonardo S.p.A.)
• Original Assignee: Daylight Solutions, Inc. (Leonardo S.p.A.)
• Inventors: Arnone, David F., Caffey, David P., Pushkarsky, Michael, Weida, Miles
• Primary Examiner(s): Niu, Xinning
• Application Number:
  US13/240,889
• Publication Number:
  US 20140314110A1
• Time in Patent Office: 1,559 Days
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: F41G 7/224 Deceiving or protecting means jamming or anti-jamming of radio-wave systems in general G01S7/36, G01S7/38; defense installations in general F41H11/02; chaff dispensers F42B12/70
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 11/02 Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems cartridges or missiles for producing smoke or for dispensing radar chaff or infrared material F42B5/15, F42B12/48, F42B12/70; informative reference: details of radar or sonar systems G01S7/00; jamming or electronic countermeasures G01S7/38, G01S7/495, H04K3/00
• CPC Class Codes: F41H 13/0056 for blinding or dazzling, i.e. by overstimulating the opponent's eyes or the enemy's sensor equipment
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/4814 of transmitters alone
• CPC Class Codes: G01S 7/495 Counter-measures or counter-counter-measures using electronic or electro-optical means
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/02 Structural details or components not essential to laser action
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/02224 the gas comprising oxygen, e.g. for avoiding contamination of the light emitting facets
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/023 Mount members, e.g. sub-mount members
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/02325 Mechanically integrated components on mount members or optical micro-benches
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/0233 Mounting configuration of laser chips
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/0235 Method for mounting laser chips
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/02415 by using a thermo-electric cooler [TEC], e.g. Peltier element
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/02423 Liquid cooling, e.g. a liquid cools a mount of the laser
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/02469 Passive cooling, e.g. where heat is removed by the housing as a whole or by a heat pipe without any active cooling element like a TEC
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/06804 by monitoring an external parameter, e.g. temperature
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/141 using a wavelength selective device, e.g. a grating or etalon H01S5/146 takes precedence
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/3401 having no PN junction, e.g. unipolar lasers, intersubband lasers, quantum cascade lasers
• CPC Class Codes: H01S 5/4087 emitting more than one wavelength

Abstract

A laser source (340) comprises a first frame (356), a laser (358), and a first mounting assembly (360). The laser (358) generates an output beam (354) that is directed along a beam axis (354A). The first mounting assembly (360) allows the laser (358) to expand and contract relative to the first frame (356) along a first axis and along a second axis that is orthogonal to the beam axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam (354) so the beam axis (354A) is substantially coaxial with the first axis. The first mounting assembly (360) can include a first fastener assembly (366) that couples the laser (358) to the first frame (356), and a first alignment assembly (368) that maintains alignment of the laser (358) along a first alignment axis (370) that is substantially parallel to the first axis.

Claims

1. A laser source that generates an output beam that is directed along a beam axis that is coaxial with a first axis and orthogonal to a second axis, the laser source comprising:

a first frame;

a laser that is adapted to generate the output beam that is directed along the beam axis, the laser including a second frame that includes a groove; and

a first mounting assembly that couples the laser to the first frame, the first mounting assembly allowing the laser to expand and contract relative to the first frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis;

wherein the first mounting assembly includes a first fastener assembly that couples the laser to the first frame, and a first alignment assembly that maintains alignment of the laser along a first alignment axis that is substantially parallel to the first axis;

wherein the first fastener assembly allows the second frame to expand and contract relative to the first frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining the approximate position of the second frame relative to the first frame along a third axis that is orthogonal to the first and second axes;

wherein the first fastener assembly includes an engagement rod that fits into the groove and a resilient assembly that urges the engagement rod into the groove to urge the second frame toward the first frame.

2. The laser source of claim 1 wherein the first fastener assembly includes a plurality of fasteners, each fastener being adapted to fit within an oversized frame aperture in the first frame.

3. The laser source of claim 1 wherein the first fastener assembly thermally and electrically isolates the second frame from the first frame.

4. The laser source of claim 1 wherein an interface between the resilient assembly and the engagement rod forms a line contact between the resilient assembly and the engagement rod that inhibits heat from being transferred between the second frame and the first frame, thereby providing thermal isolation between the second frame and the first frame.

5. The laser source of claim 1 wherein the engagement rod is made of an electrically insulating material to provide electrical isolation between the second frame and the first frame.

6. The laser source of claim 1 wherein the first alignment assembly includes a first alignment pin that fits snugly within a first frame aperture in the first frame, and a second alignment pin that fits into a first frame slot in the first frame, the first frame slot extending along the first alignment axis, and the alignment pins and the first frame aperture being aligned along the first alignment axis.

7. The laser source of claim 1 wherein the first frame includes a frame window, the output beam exiting the first frame through the frame window, and wherein the first mounting assembly maintains the approximate position of the frame window along the first axis, along the second axis, and along a third axis that is orthogonal to the first and second axes.

8. The laser source of claim 1 wherein the laser is a quantum cascade laser.

9. The laser source of claim 8 wherein the laser includes a quantum cascade gain medium that is secured to the second frame, and a temperature controller that controls the temperature of the second frame and the quantum cascade gain medium, and wherein the second frame transfers heat away from the quantum cascade gain medium to the temperature controller.

10. A laser system including a first laser source that generates a first output beam, the laser source of claim 1 that generates a second output beam, and a beam combiner that combines the first output beam and the second output beam into an assembly output beam.

11. A laser source assembly including a mounting frame, and the laser system of claim 10 that is secured to the mounting frame.

12. A method for directing an output beam along a beam axis that is coaxial with a first axis and orthogonal to a second axis, the method comprising the steps of:

providing a first frame;

generating the output beam that is directed along the beam axis with a laser having a second frame, the second frame including a groove; and

coupling the laser to the first frame with a first mounting assembly, the first mounting assembly allowing the laser to expand and contract relative to the first frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis;

wherein the first mounting assembly includes a first fastener assembly that couples the laser to the first frame, and a first alignment assembly that maintains alignment of the laser along a first alignment axis, the first alignment axis being substantially parallel to the first axis;

wherein the first fastener assembly allows the second frame to expand and contract relative to the first frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining the approximate position of the second frame relative to the first frame along a third axis that is orthogonal to the first and second axes; and

wherein the first fastener assembly includes an engagement rod that fits into the groove and a resilient assembly that urges the engagement rods into the groove to urge the second frame toward the first frame.

13. The method of claim 12 wherein the step of coupling includes the step of fitting each of a plurality of fasteners within an oversized frame aperture in the first frame.

14. The method of claim 12 wherein the step of coupling includes the steps of snugly fitting a first alignment pin of the first alignment assembly within a first frame aperture in the first frame, and fitting a second alignment pin of the first alignment assembly within a first frame slot in the first frame, the first frame slot extending along the first alignment axis, and the alignment pins and the first frame aperture being positioned along the first alignment axis.

15. A method for generating an assembly output beam including the steps of generating a first output beam with a first laser source, generating a second output beam utilizing the method of claim 12, and combining the first output beam and the second output beam with a beam combiner.

16. A laser source that generates an output beam that is directed along a beam axis that is coaxial with a first axis and orthogonal to a second axis, the laser source being adapted to be secured to a mounting frame, the laser source comprising:

a first frame;

a laser that is adapted to generate the output beam that is directed along the beam axis, the laser including a second frame having a groove;

a first mounting assembly that secures the laser to the first frame, the first mounting assembly allowing the laser to expand and contract relative to the first frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis, the first mounting assembly including (i) a first fastener assembly that couples the laser to the first frame, the first fastener assembly including an engagement rod that fits into the groove and a resilient assembly that urges the engagement rod into the groove, wherein an interface between the resilient assembly and the engagement rod forms a line contact between the resilient assembly and the engagement rod that inhibits heat from being transferred between the second frame and the first frame, thereby providing thermal isolation between the second frame and the first frame, and wherein the engagement rod is made of an electrically insulating material to provide electrical isolation between the second frame and the first frame; and

(ii) a first alignment assembly that maintains alignment of the laser along a first alignment axis that is substantially parallel to the first axis, first alignment assembly including a first alignment pin that fits snugly within a first frame aperture in the first frame, and a second alignment pin that fits into a first frame slot in the first frame, the first frame slot extending along the first alignment axis, and the alignment pins and the first frame aperture being aligned along the first alignment axis; and

a second mounting assembly that secures the first frame to the mounting frame, the second mounting assembly allowing the first frame to expand and contract relative to the mounting frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis, the second mounting assembly including (i) a second fastener assembly including a plurality of fasteners that are each adapted to fit within an oversized frame aperture in the second frame; and

(ii) a second alignment assembly that maintains alignment of the second frame along a second alignment axis that is substantially aligned with the first alignment axis, the second alignment assembly including a first alignment pin that fits snugly within a second frame aperture in the second frame, and a second alignment pin that fits into a second frame slot in the second frame, the second frame slot extending along the second alignment axis, and the alignment pins and the second frame aperture being aligned along the second alignment axis.

17. A laser source that generates an output beam that is directed along a beam axis that is coaxial with a first axis and orthogonal to a second axis, the laser source comprising:

a first frame;

a second frame;

a laser that is adapted to generate the output beam that is directed along the beam axis;

a first mounting assembly that couples and secures the laser to the first frame, the first mounting assembly allowing the laser to expand and contract relative to the first frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis;

wherein the first mounting assembly includes a first alignment assembly that maintains alignment of the laser along a first alignment axis that is substantially parallel to the first axis; and

a second mounting assembly that couples and secures the first frame to the second frame, the second mounting assembly allowing the laser to expand and contract relative to the second frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis; and

wherein the second mounting assembly includes a second alignment assembly that maintains alignment of the first frame along a second alignment axis that is substantially aligned with the first alignment axis.

18. A method for directing an output beam along a beam axis that is coaxial with a first axis and orthogonal to a second axis, the method comprising the steps of:

providing a first frame;

providing a second frame;

generating the output beam that is directed along the beam axis with a laser;

coupling and securing the laser to the first frame with a first mounting assembly, the first mounting assembly allowing the laser to expand and contract relative to the first frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis, the first mounting assembly including a first alignment assembly that maintains alignment of the laser along a first alignment axis that is substantially parallel to the first axis; and

coupling and securing the first frame to the second frame with a second mounting assembly, the second mounting assembly allowing the laser to expand and contract relative to the first frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis, the second mounting assembly including a second alignment assembly that maintains alignment of the first frame along a second alignment axis with the second alignment axis being substantially aligned with the first alignment axis.

19. A laser source that generates an output beam that is directed along a beam axis that is coaxial with a first axis and orthogonal to a second axis, the laser source comprising:

a laser that is adapted to generate the output beam that is directed along the beam axis;

a laser frame that retains the laser, the laser frame including a groove;

a housing frame; and

a laser fastener assembly that couples the laser frame to the housing frame, the laser fastener assembly including an engagement rod that fits at least partly into the groove and a resilient assembly that urges the engagement rod into the groove to urge the laser frame toward the housing frame.

20. The laser source of claim 19 wherein an interface between the resilient assembly and the engagement rod forms a line contact between the resilient assembly and the engagement rod that inhibits heat from being transferred between the second frame and the first frame, thereby providing thermal isolation between the laser frame and the housing frame;

and wherein the engagement rod is made of an electrically insulating material to provide electrical isolation between the laser frame and the housing frame.

21. The laser source of claim 19 wherein the laser frame includes a plurality of grooves, and the laser fastener assembly includes a separate engagement rod and a separate resilient assembly for each of the grooves.

22. The laser source of claim 19 further comprising a laser alignment assembly that maintains alignment of the laser housing along a laser alignment axis that is substantially parallel to the first axis, the laser alignment assembly including a first laser alignment pin that fits within a laser frame aperture in the laser frame, and a second laser alignment pin that fits into a laser frame slot in the laser frame, the laser frame slot extending along the laser alignment axis, and the laser alignment pins and the laser frame aperture being aligned along the laser alignment axis.

23. The laser source of claim 22 further comprising a mounting frame, and a housing mounting assembly that couples the housing frame to the mounting frame, the housing mounting assembly allowing the housing frame to expand and contract relative to the mounting frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis.

24. The laser source of claim 23 further comprising a housing frame alignment assembly that maintains alignment of the housing frame along a housing alignment axis that is substantially parallel to the first axis, the housing frame alignment assembly including a frame alignment pin that fits within a housing frame aperture in the housing frame.

25. The laser source of claim 19 wherein the laser fastener assembly allows the laser frame to expand and contract relative to the housing frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis.

26. The laser source of claim 25 further comprising a mounting frame, and a housing mounting assembly that couples the housing frame to the mounting frame, the housing mounting assembly allowing the housing frame to expand and contract relative to the mounting frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis.

27. The laser source of claim 19 further comprising a temperature controller positioned between the laser frame and the housing frame.

28. The laser source of claim 19 further comprising a mounting frame, and a housing mounting assembly that couples the housing frame to the mounting frame, the housing mounting assembly allowing the housing frame to expand and contract relative to the mounting frame along the first axis and along the second axis, while maintaining alignment of the output beam so the beam axis is substantially coaxial with the first axis.