Kalman filter based on-off switch for insulin pump
First Claim
1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium carrying one or more sequences of instructions, wherein execution of the one or more sequences of instructions by one or more processors causes an apparatus to:
- determine values for a plurality of parameters for an automatic on-off switch for an insulin pump configured to inject insulin into a subject, wherein the plurality of parameters comprises a first prediction time horizon (H1), a first predicted glucose threshold (Goff) for turning the insulin pump off, a maximum shut off time within a first time window, and duration of the first time window;
determine a safety rule based at least in part on the maximum shut off time within the first time window and the duration of the first time window;
collect a plurality of glucose readings of a glucose level in a bloodstream of the subject up to a current time;
determine an expected current glucose value G and expected current glucose temporal rate of change dG/dt based only on the plurality of glucose readings and a Kalman filter configured for noisy glucose readings of the glucose level in the bloodstream of the subject;
predict a glucose level (Gh1) for a first future time that is the first prediction time horizon after the current time; and
issue a command to shut off the insulin pump if it is determined both that the predicted glucose level (Gh1) is less than Goff and that the safety rule is satisfied.
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Accused Products
Abstract
Techniques for controlling an insulin pump include determining values for parameters selected from a group including a first prediction time horizon, a predicted glucose threshold (Goff) for turning the insulin pump off, a maximum shut off time within a time window, and duration of the time window. A safety rule is determined based on the maximum shut off time within the duration. Glucose readings are collected up to a current time. An expected current glucose value G and glucose temporal rate of change are determined based only on the glucose readings and a Kalman filter configured for noisy glucose readings. A glucose level (Gh1) is predicted for a future time that is the prediction time horizon after the current time. A command is issued to shut off the insulin pump if it is determined both that Gh1 is less than Goff and that the safety rule is satisfied.
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Citations
17 Claims
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1. A non-transitory computer-readable medium carrying one or more sequences of instructions, wherein execution of the one or more sequences of instructions by one or more processors causes an apparatus to:
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determine values for a plurality of parameters for an automatic on-off switch for an insulin pump configured to inject insulin into a subject, wherein the plurality of parameters comprises a first prediction time horizon (H1), a first predicted glucose threshold (Goff) for turning the insulin pump off, a maximum shut off time within a first time window, and duration of the first time window; determine a safety rule based at least in part on the maximum shut off time within the first time window and the duration of the first time window; collect a plurality of glucose readings of a glucose level in a bloodstream of the subject up to a current time; determine an expected current glucose value G and expected current glucose temporal rate of change dG/dt based only on the plurality of glucose readings and a Kalman filter configured for noisy glucose readings of the glucose level in the bloodstream of the subject; predict a glucose level (Gh1) for a first future time that is the first prediction time horizon after the current time; and issue a command to shut off the insulin pump if it is determined both that the predicted glucose level (Gh1) is less than Goff and that the safety rule is satisfied. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12)
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13. An apparatus comprising:
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at least one processor; and at least one memory including one or more sequences of instructions, the at least one memory and the one or more sequences of instructions configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus to perform at least the following, determining values for a plurality of parameters for an automatic on-off switch for an insulin pump configured to inject insulin into a subject, wherein the plurality of parameters comprises a first prediction time horizon, a predicted glucose threshold (Goff) for turning the insulin pump off, a maximum shut off time within a first time window, and duration of the first time window; determining a safety rule based at least in part on the maximum shut off time within the first time window and the duration of the first time window; collecting a plurality of glucose readings of a glucose level in a bloodstream of a subject up to a current time; determining an expected current glucose value G and expected current glucose temporal rate of change dG/dt based only on the plurality of glucose readings and a Kalman filter configured for noisy glucose readings of the glucose level in the bloodstream of the subject; predicting a glucose level (Gh1) for a first future time that is the first prediction time horizon (H1) after the current time; and issuing a command to shut off the insulin pump if it is determined both that the predicted glucose level (Gh1) is less than Goff and that the safety rule is satisfied.
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14. A method for operating an insulin pump, comprising:
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determining values for a plurality of parameters for an automatic on-off switch for an insulin pump configured to inject insulin into a subject, wherein the plurality of parameters comprises a first prediction time horizon, a predicted glucose threshold (Goff) for turning the insulin pump off, a maximum shut off time within a first time window, and duration of the first time window; determining a safety rule based at least in part on the maximum shut off time within the first time window and the duration of the first time window; collecting a plurality of glucose readings of a glucose level in a bloodstream of a subject up to a current time; determining an expected current glucose value G and expected current glucose temporal rate of change dG/dt based only on the plurality of glucose readings and a Kalman filter configured for noisy glucose readings of the glucose level in the bloodstream of the subject; predicting a glucose level (Gh1) for a first future time that is the first prediction time horizon after the current time; and issuing a command to shut off the insulin pump if it is determined both that the predicted glucose level (Gh1) is less than Goff and that the safety rule is satisfied.
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15. A system for operating an insulin pump, comprising:
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means for determining values for a plurality of parameters for an automatic on-off switch for an insulin pump configured to inject insulin into a subject, wherein the plurality of parameters comprises a first prediction time horizon, a predicted glucose threshold (Goff) for turning the insulin pump off, a maximum shut off time within a first time window, and duration of the first time window; means for determining a safety rule based at least in part on the maximum shut off time within the first time window and the duration of the first time window; means for collecting a plurality of glucose readings of a glucose level in a bloodstream of a subject up to a current time; means for determining an expected current glucose value G and expected current glucose temporal rate of change dG/dt based only on the plurality of glucose readings and a Kalman filter configured for noisy glucose readings of the glucose level in the bloodstream of the subject; means for predicting a glucose level (Gh1) for a first future time that is the first prediction time horizon after the current time; and means for issuing a command to shut off the insulin pump if it is determined both that the predicted glucose level (Gh1) is less than Goff and that the safety rule is satisfied. - View Dependent Claims (16)
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17. A non-transitory computer-readable medium carrying one or more sequences of instructions, wherein execution of the one or more sequences of instructions by one or more processors causes an apparatus to:
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determine values for a plurality of parameters for an automatic on-off switch for an insulin pump configured to inject insulin into a subject, wherein the plurality of parameters comprises a first prediction time horizon (H1), a first predicted glucose threshold (Goff) for turning the insulin pump off, a maximum shut off time within a first time window, and duration of the first time window; collect a plurality of glucose readings of a glucose level in a bloodstream of the subject up to a current time; determine an expected current glucose value G and expected current glucose temporal rate of change dG/dt based only on the plurality of glucose readings and a Kalman filter configured for noisy glucose readings of the glucose level in the bloodstream of the subject; predict a glucose level (Gh1) for a first future time that is the first prediction time horizon after the current time; and issue a command to shut off the insulin pump if it is determined that the predicted glucose level (Gh1) is less than Goff.
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Specification