Methods of monitoring conditions by sequence analysis
First Claim
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1. A method for monitoring an autoimmune disease, an infectious disease or a cancer of an individual by correlating clonotypes unique to the individual, the method comprising:
- (a) amplifying from a sample of nucleic acids from T cells and/or B cells and/or cell free DNA or RNA from the individual in a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) recombined nucleic acids comprising complementary determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences from T cell receptor genes or immunoglobulin genes;
(b) spatially isolating individual molecules of the amplified recombined nucleic acids on a solid surface;
(c) sequencing by synthesis using reversibly terminated labeled nucleotides die spatially isolated recombined nucleic acids to generate at least 10,000 sequence reads each having an error rate and at least 30 bp;
(d) combining the sequence reads into clonotypes of the recombined nucleic acids, wherein sequence reads are combined into different clonotypes whenever said sequence reads are distinct with a confidence of at least 99.9 percent based on error rates, frequencies and base divergences of the sequence reads;
(e) determining levels of clonotypes by counting sequence reads thereof; and
(f) monitoring the autoimmune disease, infectious disease or cancer from the levels of one or more correlating clonotypes of the autoimmune disease, infectious disease or cancer unique to the individual.
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Abstract
There is a need for improved methods for determining the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with conditions, including autoimmune disease and cancer. Provided herein are methods for using DNA sequencing to identify personalized biomarkers in patients with autoimmune disease and other conditions. Identified biomarkers can be used to determine the disease state for a subject with an autoimmune disease or other condition.
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Citations
23 Claims
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1. A method for monitoring an autoimmune disease, an infectious disease or a cancer of an individual by correlating clonotypes unique to the individual, the method comprising:
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(a) amplifying from a sample of nucleic acids from T cells and/or B cells and/or cell free DNA or RNA from the individual in a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) recombined nucleic acids comprising complementary determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences from T cell receptor genes or immunoglobulin genes; (b) spatially isolating individual molecules of the amplified recombined nucleic acids on a solid surface; (c) sequencing by synthesis using reversibly terminated labeled nucleotides die spatially isolated recombined nucleic acids to generate at least 10,000 sequence reads each having an error rate and at least 30 bp; (d) combining the sequence reads into clonotypes of the recombined nucleic acids, wherein sequence reads are combined into different clonotypes whenever said sequence reads are distinct with a confidence of at least 99.9 percent based on error rates, frequencies and base divergences of the sequence reads; (e) determining levels of clonotypes by counting sequence reads thereof; and (f) monitoring the autoimmune disease, infectious disease or cancer from the levels of one or more correlating clonotypes of the autoimmune disease, infectious disease or cancer unique to the individual. - View Dependent Claims (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
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8. A method for monitoring an autoimmune disease, an infectious disease or a cancer of an individual by correlating clonotypes unique to the individual, the method comprising:
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(a) amplifying from a sample comprising T-cells and/or B-cells and/or cell-free DNA or RNA from the individual in a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) molecules of recombined nucleic acid comprising complementary determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences from T-cell receptor genes or immunoglobulin genes; (b) spatially isolating individual molecules of the amplified recombined nucleic acids; (c) sequencing by synthesis the spatially isolated recombined nucleic acids to provide sequence reads of CDR3 sequences, wherein each sequence read has an error rate and wherein said sequencing includes incorporating by a polymerase one or more nucleoside triphosphates at the end of a sequencing primer hybridized to said recombined nucleic acids and detection thereof by a change in current; (d) combining the sequence reads into clonotypes of the recombined nucleic acids, wherein sequence reads are coalesced into different clonotypes whenever said sequence reads are distinct with a confidence of at least 99.9 percent based on error rates, frequencies and base divergences of the sequence reads; (e) determining levels of clonotypes by counting sequence reads thereof; and (f) monitoring said disease from the levels of one or more correlating clonotypes unique to the individual among the CDR3 sequences in the sample. - View Dependent Claims (9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14)
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15. A method for monitoring an autoimmune disease, an infectious disease or a cancer of an individual by one or more correlating clonotypes unique to the individual, the method comprising:
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(a) amplifying from a sample of nucleic acids from B-cells and/or cell free DNA or RNA from the individual in a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) recombined nucleic acids comprising complementary determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences from immunoglobulin genes, wherein each CDR3 sequence comprises a V segment; (b) spatially isolating individual molecules of the amplified recombined nucleic acids on a solid surface; (c) sequencing by synthesis using reversibly terminated labeled nucleotides the spatially isolated recombined nucleic acids to generate at least 10,000 sequence reads each having at least 30 bp and each having an error rate; (d) combining the sequence reads of the recombined nucleic acids to identify clonotypes with V segments and somatic hypermutations therein with a confidence of at least 99.9 percent based on error rates, frequencies and base divergences of the sequence reads; (e) determining levels of clonotypes by counting sequence reads thereof; and (f) monitoring the autoimmune disease, infectious disease or cancer from the levels of one or more correlating clonotypes of the autoimmune disease, infectious disease or cancer unique to the individual. - View Dependent Claims (16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23)
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Specification