Preamble extensions

• US 9,231,806 B2
• Filed: 11/26/2013
• Issued: 01/05/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 08/20/2008
• Status: Expired due to Fees

• Current Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Original Assignee: Qualcomm, Inc.
• Inventors: Van Nee, Didier Johannes Richard, Van Zelst, Albert, Sampath, Hemanth, Awater, Geert Arnout
• Primary Examiner(s): Torres, Juan A
• Application Number:
  US14/089,963
• Publication Number:
  US 20140079048A1
• Time in Patent Office: 770 Days
• Field of Search: 375/267
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0452 Multi-user MIMO systems
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0671 using different delays between antennas
• CPC Class Codes: H04B 7/0684 using different training sequences per antenna
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 27/2605 Symbol extensions, e.g. Zero Tail, Unique Word [UW]
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0023 Time-frequency-space
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0048 Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
• CPC Class Codes: H04L 5/0051 of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal

Abstract

Systems and/or methods for communication generate a plurality of spatial streams. Each of the spatial streams comprises a plurality of symbols. At least a portion of a training sequence is distributed across a first symbol in a first one of the spatial streams and a second symbol in a second one of the spatial streams.

Claims

1. An apparatus for communications, comprising:

at least one processor configured to generate a frame comprising a preamble portion having at least four symbols as associated with at least three signal (SIG) fields comprising a first SIG field and a second SIG field both conforming to a legacy standard and a third SIG field indicating a non-legacy mode, wherein the preamble portion further comprises a training sequence; and

a transmitter configured to transmit the frame;

wherein the training sequence comprises a number of modulated symbols, wherein at least a portion of the training sequence is distributed across a first symbol in a set of at least four transmit chains comprising a first transmit chain and a second symbol in a second transmit chain, and sign of one third SIG field in one of the at least four transmit chains differs from a sign of each third SIG field in three of the at least four transmit chains.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein all tones of the training sequence are transmitted in a spatial stream.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the training sequence is distributed across at least eight symbols designated as long training fields (LTFs).

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the training sequence comprises a Walsh encoded training sequence.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a non-high-throughput (non-HT) SIG field.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a first symbol of the at least four symbols.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least one of the at least three SIG fields comprises a very high throughput signal (VHT-SIG) field and wherein the VHT-SIG field is located after the last very high throughput long training field (VHT-LTF) in the preamble portion.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to modulate at least one of the at least four symbols with a rotated binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation scheme and wherein the rotated BPSK modulation scheme is used to indicate that the preamble portion includes the at least three signal (SIG) fields.

9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the preamble portion further comprises at least one of a non-high-throughput (non-HT) short training field (STF) or a non-HT long training field (LTF).

10. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a second symbol and a third symbol of the at least four symbols and wherein the second and third symbols are subsequent to the first symbol.

11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the third SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a fourth symbol of the at least four symbols, subsequent to the second and third symbols.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the third SIG field has at least one of a different sign or a different cyclic delay than the second SIG field.

13. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein pilot signals in the third SIG field are inverted to indicate that the preamble portion includes the third SIG field.

14. A method for communications, comprising:

generating a frame comprising a preamble portion having at least four symbols associated with at least three signal (SIG) fields comprising a first SIG field and a second SIG field both conforming to a legacy standard and a third SIG field indicating a non-legacy mode, wherein the preamble portion further comprises a training sequence; and

transmitting the frame;

wherein the training sequence comprises a number of modulated symbols, wherein at least a portion of the training sequence is distributed across a first symbol in a set of at least four transmit chains comprising a first transmit chain and a second symbol in a second transmit chain, and sign of one third SIG field in one of the at least four transmit chains differs from a sign of each third SIG field in three of the at least four transmit chains.

15. The method of claim 14, wherein all tones of the training sequence are transmitted in a spatial stream.

16. The method of claim 14, wherein the training sequence is distributed across at least eight symbols designated as long training fields (LTFs).

17. The method of claim 14, wherein the training sequence comprises a Walsh encoded training sequence.

18. The method of claim 14, wherein the first SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a non-high-throughput (non-HT) SIG field.

19. The method of claim 14, wherein the first SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a first symbol of the at least four symbols.

20. The method of claim 14, wherein at least one of the at least three SIG fields comprises a very high throughput signal (VHT-SIG) field and wherein the VHT-SIG field is located after the last very high throughput long training field (VHT-LTF) in the preamble portion.

21. The method of claim 14, further comprising modulating at least one of the at least four symbols with a rotated binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation scheme, wherein the rotated BPSK modulation scheme is used to indicate that the preamble portion includes the at least three signal (SIG) fields.

22. The method of claim 14, wherein the preamble portion further comprises at least one of a non-high-throughput (non-HT) short training field (STF) or a non-HT long training field (LTF).

23. The method of claim 19, wherein the second SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a second symbol and a third symbol of the at least four symbols, subsequent to the first symbol.

24. The method of claim 23, wherein the third SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a fourth symbol of the at least four symbols, subsequent to the second and third symbols.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein the third SIG field has at least one of a different sign or a different cyclic delay than the second SIG field.

26. The method of claim 24, wherein pilot signals in the third SIG field are inverted to indicate that the preamble portion includes the third SIG field.

27. An apparatus for communications, comprising:

means for generating a frame comprising a preamble portion having at least four symbols associated with at least three signal (SIG) fields comprising a first SIG field and a second SIG field both conforming to a legacy standard and a third SIG field indicating a non-legacy mode, wherein the preamble portion further comprises a training sequence; and

means for transmitting the frame;

wherein the training sequence comprises a number of modulated symbols, wherein at least a portion of the training sequence is distributed across a first symbol in a set of at least four transmit chains comprising a first transmit chain and a second symbol in a second transmit chain, and sign of one third SIG field in one of the at least four transmit chains differs from a sign of each third SIG field in three of the at least four transmit chains.

28. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein all tones of the training sequence are transmitted in a spatial stream.

29. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the training sequence is distributed across at least eight symbols designated as long training fields (LTFs).

30. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the training sequence comprises a Walsh encoded training sequence.

31. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the first SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a non-high-throughput (non-HT) SIG field.

32. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the first SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a first symbol of the at least four symbols.

33. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein at least one of the at least three SIG fields comprises a very high throughput signal (VHT-SIG) field and wherein the VHT-SIG field is located after the last very high throughput long training field (VHT-LTF) in the preamble portion.

34. The apparatus of claim 27, further comprising means for modulating at least one of the at least four symbols with a rotated binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation scheme, wherein the rotated BPSK modulation scheme is used to indicate that the preamble portion includes the at least three signal (SIG) fields.

35. The apparatus of claim 27, wherein the preamble portion further comprises at least one of a non-high-throughput (non-HT) short training field (STF) or a non-HT long training field (LTF).

36. The apparatus of claim 32, wherein the second SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a second symbol and a third symbol of the at least four symbols, and wherein the second and third symbols are subsequent to the first symbol.

37. The apparatus of claim 36, wherein the third SIG field of the at least three SIG fields comprises a fourth symbol of the at least four symbols, subsequent to the second and third symbols.

38. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein the third SIG field has at least one of a different sign or a different cyclic delay than the second SIG field.

39. The apparatus of claim 37, wherein pilot signals in the third SIG field are inverted to indicate that the preamble portion includes the third SIG field.

40. A computer-program product for wireless communication, comprising:

a non-transitory machine-readable medium encoded with instructions executable to;

generate a frame comprising a preamble portion having at least four symbols associated with at least three signal (SIG) fields comprising a first SIG field and a second SIG field both conforming to a legacy standard and a third SIG field indicating a non-legacy mode, wherein the preamble portion further comprises a training sequence; and

transmit the frame;

wherein the training sequence comprises a number of modulated symbols, wherein at least a portion of the training sequence is distributed a first symbol in a set of at least four transmit chains comprising a first transmit chain and a second symbol in a second transmit chain, and sign of one third SIG field in one of the at least four transmit chains differs from a sign of each third SIG field in three of the at least four transmit chains.

41. An access point, comprising:

at least one antenna;

at least one processor configured to generate a frame comprising a preamble portion having at least four symbols associated with at least three signal (SIG) fields comprising a first SIG field and a second SIG field both conforming to a legacy standard and a third SIG field indicating a non-legacy mode, wherein the preamble portion further comprises a training sequence; and

a transmitter configured to transmit the frame via the at least one antenna;

wherein the training sequence comprises a number of modulated symbols, wherein at least a portion of the training sequence is distributed across a first symbol in a set of at least four transmit chains comprising a first transmit chain and a second symbol in a second transmit chain, and sign of one third SIG field in one of the at least four transmit chains differs from a sign of each third SIG field in three of the at least four transmit chains.

42. An access terminal, comprising:

at least one processor configured to generate a frame comprising a preamble portion having at least four symbols associated with at least three signal (SIG) fields comprising a first SIG field and a second SIG field both conforming to a legacy standard and a third SIG field indicating a non-legacy mode, wherein the preamble portion further comprises a training sequence;

a transmitter configured to transmit the frame; and

a user interface supported by the at least one processor;

wherein the training sequence comprises a number of modulated symbols, wherein at least a portion of the training sequence is distributed across a first symbol in a set of at least four transmit chains comprising a first transmit chain and a second symbol in a second transmit chain, and sign of one third SIG field in one of the at least four transmit chains differs from a sign of each third SIG field in three of the at least four transmit chains.