Semantic representation module of a machine-learning engine in a video analysis system

• US 9,235,752 B2
• Filed: 12/29/2014
• Issued: 01/12/2016
• Est. Priority Date: 07/11/2007
• Status: Active Grant

• Current Assignee: Motorola Solutions, Inc.
• Original Assignee: 9051147 Canada Incorporated
• Inventors: Eaton, John Eric, Cobb, Wesley Kenneth, Urech, Dennis G., Friedlander, David S., Xu, Gang, Risinger, Lon W., Solum, David M., Yang, Tao, Gottumukkal, Rajkiran K., Saitwal, Kishor Adinath, Seow, Ming-Jung
• Primary Examiner(s): MARIAM, DANIEL G
• Application Number:
  US14/584,967
• Publication Number:
  US 20150110388A1
• Time in Patent Office: 379 Days
• Field of Search: None
• US Class Current: 1/1
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 16/285 Clustering or classification
• CPC Class Codes: G06F 18/22 Matching criteria, e.g. proximity measures
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 20/00 Machine learning
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 3/006 based on simulated virtual individual or collective life forms, e.g. social simulations or particle swarm optimisation [PSO]
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 3/042 Knowledge-based neural networks; Logical representations of neural networks
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 3/044 Recurrent networks, e.g. Hopfield networks
• CPC Class Codes: G06N 3/08 Learning methods
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/41 Higher-level, semantic clustering, classification or understanding of video scenes, e.g. detection, labelling or Markovian modelling of sport events or news items segmenting video sequences G06V20/49
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/44 Event detection
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/47 Detecting features for summarising video content
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 20/52 Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects recognising microscopic objects G06V20/69
• CPC Class Codes: G06V 40/20 Movements or behaviour, e.g. gesture recognition recognition of facial expressions G06V40/16

Abstract

A machine-learning engine is disclosed that is configured to recognize and learn behaviors, as well as to identify and distinguish between normal and abnormal behavior within a scene, by analyzing movements and/or activities (or absence of such) over time. The machine-learning engine may be configured to evaluate a sequence of primitive events and associated kinematic data generated for an object depicted in a sequence of video frames and a related vector representation. The vector representation is generated from a primitive event symbol stream and a phase space symbol stream, and the streams describe actions of the objects depicted in the sequence of video frames.

Claims

1. A computer-implemented method for processing data describing a scene depicted in a sequence of video frames, the method comprising:

receiving input data describing one or more objects detected in the scene, wherein the input data includes at least a classification for each of the one or more objects;

identifying one or more primitive events, wherein each primitive event provides a semantic value describing a behavior engaged in by a corresponding one of the objects depicted in the sequence of video frames and wherein each primitive event has an assigned primitive event symbol;

generating, for one or more objects, a primitive event symbol stream which includes the primitive event symbols corresponding to the primitive events identified for a respective object;

forming a first vector representation of each object based on the primitive event symbol stream for each respective object; and

analyzing the first vector representations to identify patterns of behavior for each object classification from the first vector representation.

2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprising, applying a singular value decomposition (SVD) to each first vector representation to generate a second vector representation from the first vector representation, wherein the second vector representation reduces the dimensionality of the first vector representation.

3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the classification for an object specifies that the object depicted in the sequence of video frames depicts one of a vehicle object, a person object, or an unknown object.

4. The computer-implemented method of claim 3, wherein the object is classified as a person, and wherein the input data further includes a posture of the person as depicted in the sequence of video frames.

5. The computer-implemented method of claim 3, wherein the object is classified as a vehicle, and wherein the behavior engaged in by the vehicle includes one or more of appearing, moving, turning and stopping.

6. The computer-implemented method of claim 3, wherein the object is classified as a person, and wherein the behavior engaged in by the person includes one or more of appearing, moving, turning and stopping.

7. The computer-implemented method of claim 3, wherein the object is classified as an unknown object, and wherein the behavior engaged in by the unknown object includes one or more of appearing, moving, turning and stopping.

8. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein analyzing includes analyzing the first vector representations with a machine learning engine configured to identify the patterns of behavior.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable medium containing a program, which, when executed on a processor is configured to perform an operation for processing data describing a scene depicted in a sequence of video frames, comprising:

receiving input data describing one or more objects detected in the scene, wherein the input data includes at least a classification for each of the one or more objects;

identifying one or more primitive events, wherein each primitive event provides a semantic value describing a behavior engaged in by a corresponding one of the objects depicted in the sequence of video frames and wherein each primitive event has an assigned primitive event symbol;

generating, for one or more of the objects, a primitive event symbol stream which includes the primitive event symbols corresponding to the primitive events identified for a respective object;

forming a first vector representation of each object based on the primitive event symbol stream for each respective object; and

passing the first vector representations to a machine learning engine configured to identify patterns of behavior for each object classification from the first vector representation.

10. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 9, further comprising, applying a singular value decomposition (SVD) to each first vector representation to generate a second vector representation from the first vector representation, wherein the second vector representation reduces the dimensionality of the first vector representation.

11. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 9, wherein the classification for an object specifies that the object depicted in the sequence of video frames depicts one of a vehicle object, a person object, or an unknown object.

12. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the object is classified as a person, and wherein the input data further includes a posture of the person as depicted in the sequence of video frames.

13. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the object is classified as a vehicle, and wherein the behavior engaged in by the vehicle includes one or more of appearing, moving, turning and stopping.

14. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the object is classified as a person, and wherein the behavior engaged in by the person includes one or more of appearing, moving, turning and stopping.

15. The non-transitory computer-readable medium of claim 11, wherein the object is classified as an unknown object, and wherein the behavior engaged in by the unknown object includes one or more of appearing, moving, turning and stopping.

16. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein analyzing includes analyzing the first vector representations with a machine learning engine configured to identify the patterns of behavior.

17. A system, comprising:

a video input source;

a processor; and

a memory storing computer instructions, which, when executed on the processor configure the processor to;

input data describing a scene depicted in a sequence of video frames, the input data including at least a classification for each of one or more objects in a sequence of the video frames;

identify one or more primitive events, wherein each primitive event provides a semantic value describing a behavior engaged in by a corresponding one of the objects depicted in the sequence of video frames and wherein each primitive event has an assigned primitive event symbol;

generate, for one or more of the objects, a primitive event symbol stream which includes the primitive event symbols corresponding to the primitive events identified for a respective object;

form a first vector representation of each object based on the primitive event symbol stream for each respective object; and

analyze the first vector representations to identify patterns of behavior for each object classification from the first vector representation.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the processor is further configured to apply a singular value decomposition (SVD) to each first vector representation to generate a second vector representation from the first vector representation, wherein the second vector representation reduces the dimensionality of the first vector representation.

19. The system of claim 17, wherein the classification for an object specifies that the object depicted in the sequence of video frames depicts one of a vehicle object, a person object, or an unknown object.

20. The system of claim 19, wherein the object is classified as a person, and wherein the input data further includes a posture of the person as depicted in the sequence of video frames.

21. The system of claim 19, wherein the object is classified as a vehicle, and wherein the behavior engaged in by the vehicle includes one or more of appearing, moving, turning and stopping.

22. The system of claim 19, wherein the object is classified as a person, and wherein the behavior engaged in by the person includes one or more of appearing, moving, turning and stopping.

23. The system of claim 19, wherein the object is classified as an unknown object, and wherein the behavior engaged in by the unknown object includes one or more of appearing, moving, turning and stopping.

24. The system of claim 17, wherein a machine learning engine is employed to analyze the first vector representations to identify the patterns of behavior.